Comparison of real-time instruments and gravimetric method when measuring particulate matter in a residential building

References

• Abbaszadeh, S., L. Zagreus, D. Lehrer, and C. Huizenga. 2006. Occupant satisfaction with indoor environmental quality in green buildings. Proceedings, Healthy Buildings 2006, Lisbon, Portugal.
   Google Scholar
• Adamson, J., S. Hughes, D. Azzopardi, J. McAughey, and M.D. Gaca. 2012. Real-time assessment of cigarette smoke particle deposition in vitro. Chem. Cent. J. 6(1):98. doi:10.1186/1752-153X-6-98
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahrentzen, S., J. Ball, H. Destaillets, E. Fonseca, M. Fraser, W. Johnson, M. Patel, and K. Shea. 2012. Is green housing healthy housing; A question for seniors. ENHR 2012 Conference (European Network for Housing Research), Workshop 19: Residential Context of Health, Lillihamer, Norway.
   Google Scholar
• Albanese Organization. 2004. The Solaire Residences. Marketing brochure. New York City, NY.
   Google Scholar
• Alderman, S.L., and B.J. Ingebrethsen. 2011. Characterization of mainstream cigarette smoke particle size distributions from commercial cigarettes using a DMS500 fast particulate spectrometer and smoking cycle simulator. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 45(12):1409–21. doi:10.1080/02786826.2011.596862
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Applied Physics, Inc. 2015. PSL Spheres 20 nm to 1 µm, NIST traceability size accuracy. http://www.appliedphysicsusa.com/pslspheres-20nm-900nm.html ( accessed May 9, 2016).
   Google Scholar
• Binnig, J., J. Meyer, and G. Kasper. 2007. Calibration of an optical particle counter to provide PM2.5 mass for well-defined particle materials. J. Aerosol Sci. 38(3):325–32. doi:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2006.12.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brauer, M., R. Hirtle, B. Lang, and W. Ott. 2000. Assessment of indoor fine aerosol contributions from environmental tobacco smoke and cooking with a portable nephelometer. J. Expos. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 10(2):136–44. doi:10.1038/sj.jea.7500076
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chang, L.-T., H.H. Suh, J.M. Wolfson, K. Misra, G.A. Allen, P.J. Catalano, and P. Koutrakis. 2001. Laboratory and field evaluation of measurement methods for one-hour exposures to O3, PM25, and CO. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 51(10):1414–22. doi:10.1080/10473289.2001.10464375
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colton, M.D., P. MacNaughton, J. Vallarino, J. Kane, M. Bennett-Fripp, J.D. Spengler, and G. Adamkiewicz. 2014. Indoor air quality in green vs conventional multifamily low-income housing. Environ. Sci. Technol. 48(14):7833–41. doi:10.1021/es501489u
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dockery, D.W., and C.A. Pope 3rd. 1994. Acute respiratory effects of particulate air pollution. Annu. Rev. Public Health 15:107–32. doi:10.1146/annurev.pu.15.050194.000543
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eichholtz, P., N. Kok, and J.M. Quigley. 2013. The economics of green building. Rev. Econ. Stat. 95(1):50–63. doi:10.1162/REST_a_00291
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischer, S.L., and C.P. Koshland. 2006. Field performance of a nephelometer in rural kitchens: Effects of high humidity excursions and correlations to gravimetric analyses. J. Expos. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 17(2):141–50. doi:10.1038/sj.jes.7500486
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hinds, W.C. 1999. Aerosol technology: Properties, behavior, and measurement of airborne particles, 2nd ed. New York: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Hoek, G., D.W. Dockery, A. Pope, L. Neas, W. Roemer, and B. Brunekreef. 1998. Association between PM10 and decrements in peak expiratory flow rates in children: Reanalysis of data from five panel studies. Eur. Respir. J. 11(6):1307–11. doi:10.1183/09031936.98.11061307
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howard-Reed, C., A.W. Rea, M.J. Zufall, J.M. Burke, R.W. Williams, J.C. Suggs, L.S. Sheldon, D. Walsh, and R. Kwok. 2000. Use of a continuous nephelometer to measure personal exposure to particles during the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Baltimore and Fresno Panel Studies. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 50(7):1125–32. doi:10.1080/10473289.2000.10464150
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, L., S.V. Bohac, S.M. Chernyak, and S.A. Batterman. 2013. Composition and integrity of PAHs, nitro-PAHs, hopanes and steranes in diesel exhaust particulate matter. Water Air Soil Pollut. 224(8). doi:10.1007/s11270-013-1630-1. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11270-013-1630-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins, R.A., R.H. Ilgner, B.A. Tomkins, and D.W. Peters. 2004. Development and application of protocols for the determination of response of real-time particle monitors to common indoor aerosols. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 54(2):229–41. doi:10.1080/10473289.2004.10470892
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, R.T., V. Acevedo-Bolton, K.C. Cheng, N.E. Klepeis, W.R. Ott, and L.M. Hildemann. 2011. Determination of response of real-time SidePak AM510 monitor to secondhand smoke, other common indoor aerosols, and outdoor aerosol. J. Environ. Monit. 13(6):1695–702. doi:10.1039/c0em00732c
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, J.Y., S.R. Magari, R.F. Herrick, T.J. Smith, and D.C. Christiani. 2004. Comparison of fine particle measurements from a direct-reading instrument and a gravimetric sampling method. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 1(11):707–15. doi:10.1080/15459620490515833
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klemm, R.J., and R.M. Mason. 2000. Aerosol Research and Inhalation Epidemiological Study (ARIES): Air quality and daily mortality statistical modeling—Interim results. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 50(8):1433–39. doi:10.1080/10473289.2000.10464188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klepeis, N.E., M.G. Apte, L.A. Gundel, R.G. Sextro, and W.W. Nazaroff. 2003. Determining size-specific emission factors for environmental tobacco smoke particles. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 37(10):780–90. doi:10.1080/02786820300914
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klepeis, N.E., W.C. Nelson, W.R. Ott, J.P. Robinson, A.M. Tsang, P. Switzer, J.V. Behar, S.C. Hern, and W.H. Engelmann. 2001. The National Human Activity Pattern Survey (NHAPS): A resource for assessing exposure to environmental pollutants. J. Expos. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 11(3):231–52. doi:10.1038/sj.jea.7500165
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Liu, Y., and P.H. Daum. 2000. The effect of refractive index on size distributions and light scattering coefficients derived from optical particle counters. J. Aerosol Sci. 31(8):945–57. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-8502(99)00573-X
   Google Scholar
• Mathieu-Nolf, M. 2002. Poisons in the air: A cause of chronic disease in children. J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. 40(4):483–91. doi:10.1081/CLT-120006751
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMurry, P.H. 2000. A review of atmospheric aerosol measurements. Atmos. Environ. 34(12–14):1959–99. doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00455-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Shaughnessy, P.T., and J.M. Slagley. 2002. Photometer response determination based on aerosol physical characteristics. AIHA J. (Fairfax, VA) 63(5):578–85. doi:10.1080/15428110208984743
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Osman, L.M., J.G. Douglas, C. Garden, K. Reglitz, J. Lyon, S. Gordon, and J.G. Ayres. 2007. Indoor air quality in homes of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 176(5):465–72. doi:10.1164/rccm.200605-589OC
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patton, A., L. Calderon, Y. Xiong, Z. Wang, J. Senick, M. Sorensen Allacci, D. Plotnik, R. Wener, C. Andrews, U. Krogmann, and G. Mainelis. 2016. Airborne particulate matter in two multi-family green buildings: Concentrations and effect of ventilation and occupant behavior. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 13(1):144. doi:10.3390/ijerph13010144
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peters, A., E. Liu, R.L. Verrier, J. Schwartz, D.R. Gold, M. Mittleman, J. Baliff, J.A. Oh, G. Allen, K. Monahan, and D.W. Dockery. 2000. Air pollution and incidence of cardiac arrhythmia. Epidemiology 11(1):11–17. doi:10.1097/00001648-200001000-00005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pope, C.A. 3rd, R.L. Verrier, E.G. Lovett, A.C. Larson, M.E. Raizenne, R.E. Kanner, J. Schwartz, G.M. Villegas, D.R. Gold, and D.W. Dockery. 1999. Heart rate variability associated with particulate air pollution. Am. Heart J. 138(5 Pt 1):890–99. doi:10.1016/S0002-8703(99)70014-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pui, D.Y.H. 1996. Direct-reading instrumentation for workplace aerosol measurements. A review. Analyst 121(9):1215. doi:10.1039/an9962101215.doi: 10.1039/an9962101215
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramachandran, G., J.L. Adgate, N. Hill, K. Sexton, G.C. Pratt, and D. Bock. 2000. Comparison of short-term variations (15-minute averages) in outdoor and indoor PM2.5 concentrations. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 50(7):1157–66. doi:10.1080/10473289.2000.10464160
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz, J., C. Spix, G. Touloumi, L. Bacharova, T. Barumamdzadeh, A. le Tertre, T. Piekarksi, A. Ponce de Leon, A. Ponka, G. Rossi, M. Saez, and J.P. Schouten. 1996. Methodological issues in studies of air pollution and daily counts of deaths or hospital admissions. J. Epidemiol. Commun. Health 50(Suppl. 1):S3–11. doi:10.1136/jech.50.Suppl_1.S3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scian, M.J., M.J. Oldham, J.H. Miller, D.B. Kane, J.S. Edmiston, and W.J. McKinney. 2009. Chemical analysis of cigarette smoke particulate generated in the MSB-01 in vitro whole smoke exposure system. Inhal. Toxicol. 21(12):1040–52. doi:10.1080/08958370802712705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sioutas, C., S. Kim, M.C. Chang, L.L. Terrell, and H. Gong. 2000. Field evaluation of a modified DataRAM MIE scattering monitor for real-time PM2.5 mass concentration measurements. Atmos. Environ. 34(28):4829–38. doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00244-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sorensen, C.M., J. Gebhart, T.J. O’Hern, and D.J. Rader. 2011. Optical measurement techniques: fundamentals and applications. In Aerosol Measurement, Principles, Techniques, and Applications, ed. P. Kulkarni, P.A. Baron and K. Willeke, 295–305. New York, NY: Wiley-Interscience.
   Google Scholar
• Spengler, J.D., and K. Sexton. 1983. Indoor air pollution: A public health perspective. Science 221(4605):9–17. doi:10.1126/science.6857273
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spengler, J.D., R.D. Treitman, T.D. Tosteson, D.T. Mage, and M.L. Soczek. 1985. Personal exposures to respirable particulates and implications for air pollution epidemiology. Environ. Sci. Technol. 19(8):700–7. doi:10.1021/es00138a008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. 2014. MIE pDR-1500 Instruction Manual, Franklin, MA, 356–370.
   Google Scholar
• Thorne, D., and J. Adamson. 2013. A review of in vitro cigarette smoke exposure systems. Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. 65(7–8):1183–93. doi:10.1016/j.etp.2013.06.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tittarelli, A., A. Borgini, M. Bertoldi, E. De Saeger, A. Ruprecht, R. Stefanoni, G. Tagliabue, R. Contiero, and P. Crosignani. 2008. Estimation of particle mass concentration in ambient air using a particle counter. Atmos. Environ. 42(36):8543–48. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.07.056
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trakumas, S., and D.L. Smith. 2008. Modular impactors—Accurate, simple-to-operate, and cost-effective environmental PM samplers. American Industrial Hygiene Conference & Exposition (AIHce), Minneapolis, MN, May 31 -June 5.
   Google Scholar
• Trakumas, S., D.L. Smith, and C. Nachreiner. 2010. A cost-effective, simple-to-operate deployable PM sampling system. A&WMA Annual Conference, Calgary, Canada, 22–25 June.
   Google Scholar
• Trakumas, S., D.L. Smith, C. Nachreiner, and P.M. Hall. 2006. Deployable particulate sampler (DPS): A new cost-effective, simple-to-operate portable PM sampling system. Navy Occupational Health and Preventive Medicine Conference, Hampton, Virginia, 18–24 June.
   Google Scholar
• TSI. 2013. Rationale for programming a photometer calibration factor (PCF) of 0.38 for ambient monitoring. Application Note EXPMN-007. http://www.tsi.com/uploadedFiles/_Site_Root/Products/Literature/Application_Notes/EXPMN-007_Rationale_Programming_PCF_Ambient_Monitoring.pdf ( accessed August 26, 2013).
   Google Scholar
• TSI, Incorporated. 2014. DUSTTRAK™ DRX Aerosol Monitors Models 8533, 8533EP and 8534. http://www.tsi.com/uploadedFiles/_Site_Root/Products/Literature/Spec_Sheets/DustTrak-DRX-6001981_USA-web.pdf ( accessed April 26, 2016).
   Google Scholar
• U.S. EPA. 1996. Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter. Washington, DC: U.S. EPA.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. EPA. 2009. Indoor air quality website. http://www.epa.gov/iaq/greenbuilding ( accessed November 6, 2015).
   Google Scholar
• Van Ryswyk, K., A.J. Wheeler, L. Wallace, J. Kearney, H. You, R. Kulka, and X. Xu. 2014. Impact of microenvironments and personal activities on personal PM2.5 exposures among asthmatic children. J. Expos. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 24(3):260–68. doi:10.1038/jes.2013.20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallace, L., R. Williams, A. Rea, and C. Croghan. 2006. Continuous weeklong measurements of personal exposures and indoor concentrations of fine particles for 37 health-impaired North Carolina residents for up to four seasons. Atmos. Environ. 40(3):399–414. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.08.042
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallace, L.A., A.J. Wheeler, J. Kearney, K. Van Ryswyk, H. You, R.H. Kulka, P.E. Rasmussen, J. R. Brook, and X. Xu. 2011. Validation of continuous particle monitors for personal, indoor, and outdoor exposures. J. Expos. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 21(1):49–64. doi:10.1038/jes.2010.15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, X.L., G. Chancellor, J. Evenstad, J.E. Farnsworth, A. Hase, G.M. Olson, A. Sreenath, and J.K. Agarwal. 2009. A novel optical instrument for estimating size segregated aerosol mass concentration in real time. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 43(9):939–50. doi:10.1080/02786820903045141
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei, W.J., O. Ramalho, and C. Mandin. 2015. Indoor air quality requirements in green building certifications. Building Environ. 92:10–19. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.03.035
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wheeler, A.J., L.A. Wallace, J. Kearney, K. Van Ryswyk, H.Y. You, R. Kulka, J.R. Brook, and X.H. Xu. 2011. Personal, indoor, and outdoor concentrations of fine and ultrafine particles using continuous monitors in multiple residences. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 45(9):1078–89. doi:10.1080/02786826.2011.580798
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yanosky, J.D., P.L. Williams, and D.L. MacIntosh. 2002. A comparison of two direct-reading aerosol monitors with the federal reference method for PM2.5 in indoor air. Atmos. Environ. 36(1):107–13. doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(01)00422-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, C.H., A.P. Patton, A. Zhang, Z.H. Fan, C.P. Weisel, and P.J. Lioy. 2015. Evaluation of diesel exhaust continuous monitors in controlled environmental conditions. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 12(9):577–87. doi:10.1080/15459624.2015.1022652
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar