A fuel-based approach for emission factor development for highway paving construction equipment in China

References

• Abolhasani, S., H.C. Frey, K. Kim, S. Pang, W. Rasdorf, and P. Lewis. 2008. Real-world in-use activity, fuel use, and emissions for nonroad construction vehicles: a case study for excavators. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 58:1033–46. doi:10.3155/1047-3289.58.8.1033
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• California Air Resources Board. 2007. User’s Guide for OFFROAD2007. http://www.arb.ca.gov/msei/offroad2007_docs.htm (accessed December 26, 2015).
   Google Scholar
• Casella, G., and R.L. Berger. 2002. Statistical Inference, 2nd ed. Pacific Grove, CA: Duxbury.
   Google Scholar
• China Industrial Engineering Machinery Almanac 2001–2013 (CIEMA). 2014. Construction Machinery Industry Yearbook Editorial Office. Beijing, China: Mechanical Industry Press (in Chinese).
   Google Scholar
• Dong, L., J. Qi, C. Shao, X. Zhong, and D. Gao. 2016. Concentration and size distribution of total airborne microbes in hazy and foggy weather. Sci. Total Environ. 541:1011–18. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frey, H.C., K. Kim, W. Rasdorf, S. Pang, and P. Lewis. 2008. Characterization of real-world activity, fuel use, and emissions for selected motor graders fueled with petroleum diesel and B20 biodiesel. J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc. 58(10):1274–1287. doi:10.3155/1047-3289.58.10.1274
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Frey, H.C., W. Rasdorf, and P. Lewis. 2010. Comprehensive field study of fuel use and emissions of nonroad diesel construction equipment. Transport. Res. Rec. 2158:69–76. doi:10.3141/2158-09
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frey, H.C., N.M. Rouphail, A. Unal, and J. Colyar. 2003. Measurement of on-road tailpipe emissions using a portable instrument. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 53(8): 992–1002. doi:10.1080/10473289.2003.10466245
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frey, H.C., K. Zhang, and N.M. Rouphail. 2008. Fuel use and emissions comparisons for alternative routes, vehicles, road grade and time of day using in-use measurements. Environ. Sci. Technol. 42(7): 2483–89. doi:10.1021/es702493v
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu, M., Y. Ge, J. Tan, T. Zeng, and B. Liang. 2012. Characteristics of typical non-road machinery emissions in China by using portable emission measurement system. Sci. Total Environ. 437:255–61. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.07.095
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kean, A.J., R.F. Sawyer, and R.A. Harley. 2000. A fuel-based assessment of off-road diesel engine emissions. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 50(11): 1929–39. doi:10.1080/10473289.2000.10464233
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ministry of Transportation of the People’s Republic of China. 2014. The Statistics Bulletin for Transportation Development (in Chinese). http://www.moc.gov.cn/zfxxgk/bnssj/zhghs/201504/t20150430_1810598.html (accessed September 1, 2016)
   Google Scholar
• Oliver, H.H., K.S. Gallagher, M. Li, K. Qin, J. Zhang, H. Liu, and K. He. 2009. In-use vehicle emissions in China: Beijing study. Discussion paper 2009-05, May. Cambridge, MA: Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. doi:10.1080/10473289.2000.10464233
   Google Scholar
• Pang, S. 2007. Life cycle inventory incorporating fuel cycle and real-world in-use measurement data for construction equipment and vehicles. PhD dissertation, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
   Google Scholar
• Sandhu, G.S., H.C. Frey, S. Bartelt-Hunt, and E. Jones. 2015. In-use activity, fuel use, and emissions of heavy duty diesel roll-off refuse trucks. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 65(3): 306–23. doi:10.1080/10962247.2014.990587
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UPI News. 2015. Study: China exporting ozone to the United States. http://www.upi.com/Science_News/2015/08/11/Study-China-exporting-ozone-to-the-United-States/9121439298596 ( accessed March 28, 2016).
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2005. User’s Guide for the Final NONROAD2005 Model. EPA420-R-05-013, December. Washington, DC: USEPA.
   Google Scholar
• Vojtisek-Lom, M., and J. Allsop. 2001. Development of heavy-duty diesel portable, on-board mass exhaust emissions monitoring system with NOx, CO2, and qualitative capabilities. J. Socof Automotive Eng. 5(1): 636–42. doi:10.1080/10962247.2014.990587
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vojtisek-Lom, M., and J.T. Cobb. 1997. Vehicle mass emissions measurement using a portable 5-gas exhaust analyzer and engine computer data. Proceedings of Emission Inventory: Planning for Future, Air and Waste Management Association, Pittsburg, PA, 656–727.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, Q., G. Zhuang, K. Huang, T. Liu, C. Deng, J. Xu, Y. Lin, Z. Guo, Y. Chen, Q. Fu, J.S. Fu, and J. Chen. 2015. Probing the severe haze pollution in three typical regions of China: Characteristics, sources and regional impacts. Atmospheric Environ. 120:76–88. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.08.076
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue, L.K., T. Wang, J. Gao, A. J. Ding, X. H. Zhou, D. R. Blake, X. F. Wang, S. M. Saunders, S. J. Fan, H. C. Zuo, Q. Z. Zhang, and W. X. Wang. 2014. Ground-level ozone in four Chinese cities: Precursors, regional transport and heterogeneous processes. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 14: 13175–88. doi:10.5194/acp-14-13175-2014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao, Z., H. Huo, Q. Zhang, D.G. Streets, and K. He. 2011. Gaseous and particulate emissions from rural vehicles in China. Atmos. Environ. 45(18): 3055–61. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.03.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye, X., Y. Song, X. Cai, and H. Zhang. 2016. Study on the synoptic flow patterns and boundary layer process of the severe haze events over the North China Plain in January 2013. Atmos. Environ. 124:129–45. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.06.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, K. 2006. Micro-scale on-road vehicle-specific emissions measurements and modeling. PhD dissertation, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, K. 2012. An Introduction to Vehicle Emissions Measurement and Modeling. Chengdu, China: Science Press (in Chinese).
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, K., and H.C. Frey. 2008. Evaluation of response time of a portable system for in-use vehicle tailpipe emissions measurement. Environ. Sci. Technol. 42(1): 221–27. doi:10.1021/es062999h
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, L., J. Zheng, S. Yin, K. Peng, and L. Zhong. 2010. Development of non-road mobile source emission inventory for the Pearl River Delta region. Environ Sci Technol. 31:886–91.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, L., and J. Zheng. 2010. Development of non-road mobile source emission inventory in the Pearl River Delta. Environ. Sci. 31(4): 886–91 (in Chinese).
   Google Scholar
• Zhao, B., S.X. Wang, H. Liu, J.Y. Xu, K. Fu, Z. Klimont, J.M. Hao, K.B. He, J. Cofala, and M. Amann. 2013. NOx emissions in China: historical trends and future perspectives. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 13: 9869–97. doi:10.5194/acp-13-9869-2013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu, D., N.J. Nussbaum, H.D. Kuhns, M.-C. O. Chang, D. Sodeman, H. Moosmüller, and J.G. Watson. 2011. Real-world PM, NOx, CO, and ultrafine particle emission factors for military non-road heavy duty diesel vehicles. Atmos. Environ. 45(15): 2603–9. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.02.032
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar