An alternative generic groundwater-to-indoor air attenuation factor for application in commercial, industrial, and other nonresidential settings

References

• EPA. 2004. Cleaning up the nation’s waste sites: markets and technology trends. Washington, DC: Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response Publication EPA 542-R-04-015.
   Google Scholar
• EPA. 2011a. Background indoor air concentrations of volatile organic compounds in North American residences (1990–2005): A compilation of statistics for assessing vapor intrusion. Washington, DC: Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response Publication EPA 530-R-10-001.
   Google Scholar
• EPA. 2011b. Exposure factors handbook: 2011 edition. Washington, DC: Publication EPA/600/R-09/052F. See Table 16–108
   Google Scholar
• EPA. 2012a. EPA’s vapor intrusion database: evaluation and characterization of attenuation factors for chlorinated volatile organic compounds and residential buildings. Washington, DC: Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response Publication EPA 530-R-10-002.
   Google Scholar
• EPA. 2012b. Vapor intrusion database Microsoft Excel® spreadsheet. Accessed July, 2021. https://www.epa.gov/vaporintrusion/vapor-intrusion-database
   Google Scholar
• EPA. 2012c. Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Chlorinated solvents differ in their potential for vapor intrusion. Washington, DC: Office of Underground Storage Tanks.
   Google Scholar
• EPA. 2015a. OSWER technical guide for assessing and mitigating the vapor intrusion pathway from subsurface vapor sources to indoor air. Office Solid Waste Emerg. Response Publ. 9200:2–154. Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• EPA. 2015b. Technical guide for addressing petroleum vapor intrusion at leaking underground storage tank sites. Washington, DC: Office of Underground Storage Tanks Publication EPA510- R-15-001.
   Google Scholar
• EPA. 2020a. Regional screening levels (RSLs) – user’s guide. Accessed July, 2021. https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls-users-guide
   Google Scholar
• EPA. 2021. Vapor intrusion screening levels (VISL) calculator. Accessed September, 2021. https://epa-visl.ornl.gov/cgi-bin/visl_search
   Google Scholar
• Hallberg, K. E., L. C. Levy, R. Gonzalez-Abraham, C. C. Lutes, L. G. Lund, and D. Caldwell. (2021). An alternative generic subslab soil gas-to-indoor air attenuation factor for application in commercial, industrial, and other nonresidential setting. J. Air Waste Manag. Assoc. 71(9): 1148–58. doi:10.1080/10962247.2021.1930286.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Indiana Department of Environmental Management. 2012. Remediation closure guide. Indianapolis, IN: Office of Land Quality.
   Google Scholar
• Indiana Department of Environmental Management. 2021. Draft risk-based closure guide. Indianapolis, IN: Office of Land Quality.
   Google Scholar
• Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council. 2014. Petroleum vapor intrusion: Fundamentals of screening, investigation, and management. Washington, DC: Petroleum Vapor Intrusion Team.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, P. C., and R. A. Ettinger. 1991. Heuristic model for predicting the intrusion rate of contaminant vapors into buildings. Environ. Sci. Technol. 25 (8):1445–52. doi:10.1021/es00020a013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lutes, C., L. Levy, R. Gonzalez-Abraham, K. Hallberg, D. Caldwell, L. Lund, T. Walker, and T. Lewis. 2021. Quantitative assessment of vapor intrusion risk in commercial buildings based on a dataset of 76 buildings. Presented at the 31st Annual International Conference on Soil, Water, Energy, and Air, Association for Environmental Health and Sciences (AEHS), March 14–17.
   Google Scholar
• Lutes, C. C., L. C. Levy, K. E. Hallberg, R. Gonzalez-Abraham, D. Caldwell, L. G. Lund, T. R. Walker, and T. B. Lewis. 2021. Reanalysis of department of defense vapor intrusion database of commercial and industrial buildings. Norfolk, VA: Naval Facilities Engineering and Expeditionary Warfare Center and Naval Facilities Engineering Systems Command Mid-Atlantic.
   Google Scholar
• Patterson, B. M., R. Aravena, G. B. Davis, A. J. Furness, T. P. Bastow, and D. Bouchard. 2013. Multiple lines of evidence to demonstrate vinyl chloride aerobic biodegradation in the vadose zone, and factors controlling rates. J. Contam. Hydrol. 153:69–77. doi:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.07.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. 2021. Land recycling program technical guidance manual. Harrisburg, PA: Section IV: Vapor Intrusion.
   Google Scholar
• Rago, R., A. Rezendes, J. Peters, K. Chatterton, and A. Kammari. 2021. Indoor air background levels of volatile organic compounds and air-phase petroleum hydrocarbons in office buildings and schools. GWMR 41 (2):27–47. doi:10.1111/gwmr.12433.
   Google Scholar
• The R Foundation for Statistical Computing. 2021. The R project for statistical computing. Accessed September, 2021. https://www.r-project.org/
   Google Scholar
• Venable, P., T. Chaudhry, D. Caldwell, I. Rivera-Duarte, C. Lutes, L. Lund, and K. Hallberg. 2015. A quantitative decision framework for assessing Navy vapor intrusion sites. Port Hueneme, CA: Naval Facilities Engineering and Expeditionary Warfare Center (NAVFAC EXWC) Report TR-NAVFAC-EXWC-EV-1603.
   Google Scholar
• Wickham, H. 2016. Ggplot2: Elegant graphics for data analysis. Springer. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-319-24277-4.
   Google Scholar
• Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. 2018. Addressing vapor intrusion at remediation & redevelopment sites in Wisconsin, Wis. Stat. ch. 292; Wis. Admin. Code ch. NR 700. Remediation and Redevelopment Program Publication RR-800.
   Google Scholar
• Yao, Y., R. Shen, K. G. Pennell, and E. M. Suuberg. 2013. Examination of the U.S. EPA’s vapor intrusion database based on models. Environ. Sci. Technol. 47 (3):1425–33. doi:10.1021/es304546f.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao, Y., I. Verginelli, E. M. Suuberg, and B. Eklund. 2018. Examining the use of USEPA’s generic attenuation factor in determining groundwater screening levels for vapor intrusion. GWMR 38 (2):79–89. doi:10.1111/gwmr.12276.
   Google Scholar