Missouri Municipal Ethics Survey: Do Ethics Measures Work at the Municipal Level?

REFERENCES

• Berman, E., West, J., & Cava, A. (1994). Ethics management in municipal governments and large firms: Exploring similarities and differences. Administration & Society, 26(2), 185–203. doi:10.1177/009539979402600204
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boston, J., Martin, J., Pallot, J., & Walsh, P. (1996). Public management: The New Zealand model. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bowman, J. S. (1990). Ethics in government: A national survey of public administrators. Public Administration Review, 50(3), 345–353. doi:10.2307/976616
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowman, J. S., & Knox, C. C. (2008). Ethics in government: No matter how long and dark the night. Public Administration Review, 68(4), 627–639. doi:10.1111/j.1540–6210.2008.00903.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowman, J. S., & Williams, R. L. (1997). Ethics in government: From a winter of despair to a spring of hope. Public Administration Review, 57(4), 517–526. doi:10.2307/976963
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Leeuw, E. (2005). To mix or not to mix data collection methods in surveys. Journal of Official Statistics, 21(2), 233–255. http://www.jos.nu/Articles/article.asp
   Google Scholar
• Ethics Resource Center, Harned, P., Hajiyev, E., Kelley, J. C., Hartz, M., Lang, K., Seligson, A. L., & Gabriel, R. M. (2007). National government ethics survey. Arlington, VA: Ethics Resource Center.
   Google Scholar
• Feldheim, M., & Wang, X. (2004). Ethics and public trust: Results from a national survey. Public Integrity, 6(1), 63–75. doi:10.1080/10999922.2004.11051242
   Google Scholar
• Frippiat, D., Marquis, N., & Wiles-Portier, E. (2010). Web surveys in the social sciences: An overview. Population, 65(2), 285–311. doi:10.3917/pope.1002.0285
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giacalone, R., Jurkiewicz, C., & Knouse, S. (2003). Exit surveys as assessments of organizational ethicality. Public Personnel Management, 32(3), 397–410. doi:10.1177/009102600303200306
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilman, S. C. (2005). Ethics codes and codes of conduct as tools for promoting an ethical and professional public service: Comparative successes and lessons (Paper prepared for PREM). Washington, DC: World Bank Group. http://www.oecd.org/mena/governance/35521418.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Hejka-Ekins, A. (1988). Teaching ethics in public administration. Public Administration Review, 48(5), 885–891. doi:10.2307/976904
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hubert, L. W. J. C. (1998). Blinde Vlekken in de Politiepraktijk en de Politieweteschap [Blind spots in police practice and police science]. Deventer, Netherlands: Gouda Quint.
   Google Scholar
• Joinson, A., Paine, C., Buchanan, T., & Reips, U.-D. N. (2008). Measuring self-disclosure online: Blurring and non-response to sensitive items in Web-based surveys. Computers in Human Behavior, 24, 2158–2171. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2007.10.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaptein, M., & Avelino, S. (2005). Measuring corporate integrity: A survey-based approach. Corporate Governance, 5(1), 45–54. doi:10.1108/14720700510583467
   Google Scholar
• Kaptein, M., Huberts, L., Avelino, S., & Lasthuizen, K. (2005). Demonstrating ethical leadership by measuring ethics. Public Integrity, 7(4), 299–311. doi:10.1080/10999922.2005.11051286
   Google Scholar
• Kreuter, F., Presser, S., & Tourangeau, R. (2008). Social desirability bias in CATI, IVR and Web surveys: The effects of mode and question sensitivity. Public Opinion DISCUSSIONly, 72(5), 847–865. doi:10.1093/poq/nfn063
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lasthuizen, K., Huberts, L., & Heres, L. (2011). How to measure integrity violations. Public Management Review, 13(3), 383–408. doi:10.1080/14719037.2011.553267
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis, C. W. (1991). The ethics challenge in public service: A problem solving guide (2nd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Meine, M. F., & Dunn, T. P. (2013). The search for ethical competency: Do ethics codes matter? Public Integrity, 15(2), 149–166. doi:10.2753/pin1099–9922150203
   Google Scholar
• Menzel, D. C. (1993). The ethics factor in local government: An empirical analysis. In H. George Frederickson (Ed.), Ethics and public administration (pp. 191–204). Armonk, NY: ME. Sharpe.g.
   Google Scholar
• Menzel, D. C. (2007). Ethics management for public administrators: Building organizations of integrity. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.
   Google Scholar
• Menzel, D. C., & Benton, J. E. (1991). Ethics complaints and local government: The case of Florida. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 1(4), 419–435.
   Google Scholar
• Randall, D. M., & Fernandes, M. F. (1991). The social desirability response bias in ethics research. Journal of Business Ethics, 10, 805–817. doi:10.1007/bf00383696
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rawls, J. (1971). A theory of justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Schmidt, W. H., & Posner, B. Z. (1986). Values and expectations of federal service executives. Public Administration Review, 46(5), 447–454. doi:10.2307/975784
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Svensson, G., & Wood, G. (2004). Codes of ethics best practice in the Swedish public sector: A PUBSEC-scale. The International Journal of Public Sector Management, 17(2), 178–195. doi:10.1108/09513550410523296
   Google Scholar
• Van Montfort, A., Beck, L., & Twijnstra, A. (2013). Can integrity be taught in public organizations? The effectiveness of integrity-training programs for municipal officials. Public Integrity, 15(2): 117–132. doi:10.2753/pin1099–9922150201
   Google Scholar
• Waring, C. G. (2004). Measuring ethical climate risk. Internal Auditor, 61(December), 71–75.
   Google Scholar
• West, J. P., & Berman, E. M. (2004). Ethics training in U.S. cities: content, pedagogy, and impact. Public Integrity, 6(3), 189–206. doi:10.1080/10999922.2004.11051253
   Google Scholar