Symbol and Substance in Local Government Workforce Development: First Source Hiring Programs

REFERENCES

• Ayer, A. J. (1946/1952). Language, truth and logic. New York, NY: Dover.
   Google Scholar
• Balducchi, D. E., & Wandner, S. A. (2008). Work sharing policy: Power sharing and stalemate in American federalism. Publius, 38(1), 111–136. doi:10.1093/publius/pjm030
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bardach, E. (2009). A practical guide for policy analysis: The eightfold path to more effective problem solving (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: CQ.
   Google Scholar
• Baudrillard, J. (1981). For a critique of the political economy of the sign (C. Levin, Trans.). St. Louis, MO: Telos.
   Google Scholar
• Beale, S. (2014, July 10). Investigation: Companies taking millions in tax breaks, loans stiffing city for jobs. GoLocalProv News. Retrieved from http://www.golocalprov.com/news/investigation-companies-taking-millions-in-tax-breaks-loans-stiffing-city-f
   Google Scholar
• Boianovsky, M., & Trautwein, H. (2010). Schumpeter on unemployment. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 20, 233–263. doi:10.1007/s00191-009-0154-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2015). Economy at a glance. Retrieved from http://www.bls.gov/eag/home.htm
   Google Scholar
• Campolieti, M. (2011). The ins and outs of unemployment in Canada, 1976–2008. Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d’économique, 44(4), 1331–1349. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5982.2011.01676.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• City of Providence Economic Development. (2015). First Source Providence | Hire Providence. Retrieved from www.providenceri.com/economic-development/first-source
   Google Scholar
• Clegg, S. R., & Gordon, R. D. (2012). Accounting for ethics in action: Problems with localised constructions of legitimacy. Financial Accountability & Management, 28(4), 417–436. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0408.2012.00554.x
   Google Scholar
• Cobley, P. (2010). Introduction. In P. Cobley (Ed.), The Routledge companion to semiotics (pp. 3–12). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Danesi, M. (2010). Semiotics of media and culture. In P. Cobley (Ed.), The Routledge companion to semiotics (pp. 135–149). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Deely, J. (2010). Realism and epistemology. In P. Cobley (Ed.), The Routledge companion to semiotics (pp. 74–88). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Dong, L. (2015). Public administration theories: Instrumental and value rationalities. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Eco, U. (1976). A theory of semiotics. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Edelman, J. M. (1977). Political language: Words that succeed and policies that fail. New York, NY: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Feldman, M. S. (1995). Strategies for interpreting qualitative data. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Feng, S., & Hu, Y. (2013). Misclassification errors and the underestimation of the US unemployment rate. American Economic Review, 103(2), 1054–1070. doi:10.1257/aer.103.2.1054
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• First Source Commission (Providence). (2011). First Source Commission report. Retrieved from www.providenceri.com/efile/2855
   Google Scholar
• Garland, B., Wodahl, E., & Schuhmann, R. (2013). Value conflict and public opinion toward prisoner reentry initiatives. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 24(1), 27–48. doi:10.1177/0887403411424081
   Google Scholar
• Ghere, R. K. (2011). Network legitimacy and accountability in a developmental perspective. Public Integrity, 13(2), 163–180. doi:10.2753/PIN1099-9922130205
   Google Scholar
• Ghere, R. K. (2015). Rhetoric in human rights advocacy: A study of exemplars. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
   Google Scholar
• Guess, G. M., & Farnham, P. G. (2011). Cases in public policy (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Guy, M. E. (2010). When diversity makes a difference. Public Integrity, 12(2), 173–183. doi:10.2753/PIN1099-9922120205
   Google Scholar
• Hass, A. Y., & Saxon, C. E. (2012). From the inside/out: Greene County jail inmates on restorative reentry. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 56(7), 1037–1062. doi:10.1177/0306624X11418914
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holton, E. F., III, & Wilson, L. (2002). Delivering workforce development programs and services. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 4(2), 167–179. doi:10.1177/1523422302004002006
   Google Scholar
• Horkheimer, M., & Adorno, T. W. (1947/2002). Dialectic of enlightenment: Philosophical fragments. G. S. Noerr (Ed.) & E. Jephcott (Trans.). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Howlett, M. F. (2012). The lessons of failure: Learning and blame avoidance in public policy-making. International Political Science Review, 33(5), 539–555. doi:10.1177/0192512112453603
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamarck, E. C. (2013). How change happens—or doesn’t: The politics of US public policy. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
   Google Scholar
• Martinson, K., & O’Brien, C. (2015). Conducting case studies. In K. E. Newcomer, H. P. Hatry, & J. S. Wholey (Eds.), Handbook of practical program evaluation (4th ed., pp. 177–196). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• McGowan, D. (2014, July 15). Mayor Taveras sued over Providence hiring law. WPRI-12 News. Retrieved from http://wpri.com/2014/07/15/mayor-taveras-sued-over-providence-hiring-law
   Google Scholar
• McNichols, K. B. (2012). Reentry initiatives: A study of the federal workforce development program. Federal Probation, 76(3), 37–42. http://www.uscourts.gov/file/3549/download
   Google Scholar
• Mouhammed, A. H. (2011). Important theories of unemployment and public policies. Journal of Applied Business and Economics, 12(5), 100–110. http://www.na-businesspress.com/JABE/MouhammedAH_Web12_5_.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Nagel, T. (1973). Equal treatment and compensatory discrimination. Philosophy & Public Affairs, 2(4), 348–363.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newcomer, K. E., Hatry, H. P., & Wholey, J. S. (2015). Planning and designing useful evaluations. In K. E. Newcomer, H. P. Hatry, & J. S. Wholey (Eds.), Handbook of practical program evaluation (4th ed., pp. 7–35). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Normanton, E. L. (1966). The accountability and audit of governments: A comparative study. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Patton, M. Q. (1987). How to use qualitative methods in evaluation. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Petrilli, S., & Ponzio, A. (2010). Semioethics. In P. Cobley (Ed.), The Routledge companion to semiotics (pp. 150–162). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Preston-Shoot, M. (2011). On administrative evil-doing within social work policy and services: Law, ethics and practice. European Journal of Social Work, 14(2), 177–194. doi:10.1080/13691450903471229
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Randviir, A., & Cobley, P. (2010). Sociosemiotics. In P. Cobley (Ed.), The Routledge companion to semiotics (pp. 118–134). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Rochefort, D. A., & Cobb, R. W. (1994). Problem definition: An emerging perspective. In D. A. Rochefort & R. W. Cobb (Eds.), The politics of problem definition: Shaping the policy agenda (pp. 1–31). Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas.
   Google Scholar
• Saldaña, J. (2013). The coding manual for qualitative researchers (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Schrock, G. (2015). Remains of the progressive city? First source hiring in Portland and Chicago. Urban Affairs Review, 51(5), 649–675. doi:10.1177/1078087414537607
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott, C. (2006). Spontaneous accountability. In M. W. Dowdle (Ed.), Public accountability: Designs, dilemmas, and experiences (pp. 174–194). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Shimer, R. (2012). Reassessing the ins and outs of unemployment. Review of Economic Dynamics, 15, 127–148. doi:10.1016/j.red.2012.02.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sobelson, R. K., & Young, A. C. (2013). Evaluation of a federally funded workforce development program: The centers for public health preparedness. Evaluation and Program Planning, 37, 50–57. doi:10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2013.01.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stout, M., Tower, L. E., & Alkadry, M. G. (2015). Reframing workplace spirituality to reduce career and social costs to women. Public Integrity, 17(2), 143–164. doi:10.1080/10999922.2015.1000662
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uysal, S. D., & Pohlmeier, W. (2011). Unemployment duration and personality. Journal of Economic Psychology, 32, 980–992. doi:10.1016/j.joep.2011.03.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ventriss, C. (2012). Democratic citizenship and public ethics: The importance of civic stewardship in an era of public distrust and cynicism. Public Integrity, 14(3), 283–297. doi:10.2753/PIN1099-9922140305
   Google Scholar