Transition of granite to quartz-kyanite rock at Hålsjöberg, southern Sweden: Consequence of acid leaching and later metamorphism

References

• Andréasson , P.-G. and Dallmeyer , R. D. 1995 . Origin and tectonic significance of high-alumina deposits along the Protogine Zone, southern Sweden . Journal of Metamorphic Geology , 13 : 461 – 474 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andréasson , P.-G. and Stanfors , R. Significance of deposits of Al2SiO5, rare Al-phosphates and rutile along the Protogine Zone, southern Sweden . 18 Nordic Geological Winter Meeting, Copenhagen, January 12–14 . pp. 31 – 32 . 1988
   Google Scholar
• Bäckström , H. 1897 . Vestanåfältet. En petrogenetisk studie . Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C , 168 : 1 – 127 .
   Google Scholar
• Bida , J. 1985 . Kyanitutvinning Hålsjöberg Årsrapport 1984 LKAB Prospektering. No pagination
   Google Scholar
• Brimhall , G. H. and Ghiorso , M. S. 1983 . Origin and ore forming consequences of the advanced argillic alteration process in hypogene environments by magmatic gas contamination of meteoric fluids . Economic Geology , 78 : 73 – 90 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryn , K. O. 1962 . Fortsetter Horrsjöbergets sedimentserie inn i Norge? . Norges Geologiske Unders⊘kelse , 215 : 5 – 9 .
   Google Scholar
• Burnham , C. W. 1997 . “ Magmas and hydrothermal fluids ” . In Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits , Edited by: Barnes , H. L. 63 – 123 . Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Cathles , L. M. 1983 . An analysis of the hydrothermal system responsible for massive sulfide deposition in the Hokuroku basin of Japan . Economic Geology Monograph , 5 : 439 – 487 .
   Google Scholar
• Duggan , M. B. , Jones , M. T. , Richards , D.N.G. and Kamprad , J. L. 1990 . Phosphate minerals in altered andesite from Mount Perry, Queensland, Australia . Canadian Mineralogist , 28 : 125 – 131 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ek , R. and Nysten , P. 1990 . Phosphate mineralogy of the Hålsjöberg and Hökensås kyanite deposits . Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar , 112 : 9 – 18 .
   Google Scholar
• Espenhade , G. H. and Potter , D. B. 1960 . Kyanite, sillimanite, and andalusite deposits of the Southeastern States . U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper , 336 : 1 – 121 .
   Google Scholar
• Fournier , R. O. 1991 . The transition from hydrostatic to greater than hydrostatic fluid pressure in presently active continental hydrothermal systems in crystalline rock . Geophysical Research Letters , 18 : 955 – 958 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fournier , R. O. 1999 . Hydrothermal processes related to movement of fluid from plastic into brittle rock in the magmatic-epithermal environment . Economic Geology , 94 : 1193 – 1211 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geijer , P. 1963 . Genetic relationships of the paragenesis Al2SiO5-lazulite-rutile . Arkiv för Mineralogi och Geologi , 3 : 423 – 464 .
   Google Scholar
• Giggenbach , W. F. 1984 . Mass transfer in hydrothermal alteration systems—a conceptual approach . Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , 48 : 2693 – 2711 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorbatschev , R. 1971 . Aspects and problems of Precambrian geology in Western Sweden . Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C , 650 : 1 – 63 .
   Google Scholar
• Gresens , R. L. 1971 . Application of hydrolysis to the genesis of pegmatite and kyanite depositis in northern New Mexico . Mountain Geologist , 8 : 3 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Hallberg , A. 1994 . The Enåsen gold deposit, central Sweden . Mineralium Deposita , 29 : 150 – 162 .
   Google Scholar
• Hedenqvist , J. W. and Lowenstern , J. B. 1994 . The role of magmas in the formation of hydrothermal ore deposits . Nature , 370 : 519 – 527 .
   Google Scholar
• Hemley , J. J. and Jones , W. R. 1964 . Chemical aspects of hydrothermal alteration with emphasis on hydrogen metasomatism . Economic Geology , 59 : 538 – 569 .
   Google Scholar
• Hemley , J. J. , Hostetler , P. B. , Guide , A. J. and Mountjoy , W. T. 1969 . Some stability relations of alunite . Economic Geology , 64 : 599 – 612 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holland , H. D. 1965 . Some applications of thermochemical data to problems of ore deposits: II. Mineral assemblages and the compositions of ore forming fluids . Economic Geology , 60 : 1101 – 1166 .
   Google Scholar
• Igelström , L. J. 1854 . Sällsamma mineralier från Elfdals härad i Wermland . Öfversigdt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar , 11 : 66 – 70 .
   Google Scholar
• Kerrick , D. M. 1990 . The Al2SiO5 polymorphs . Mineralogical Society of America, Reviews in Mineralogy , 22 : 1 – 406 .
   Google Scholar
• Lundegårdh , P. H. 1995 . Beskrivning till berggrundskartan över Värmlands län . Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning Ba , 45 ( 1 ) : 1 – 1 .
   Google Scholar
• Meyer , C. and Hemley , J. J. 1967 . “ Wall rock alteration ” . In Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits , Edited by: Barnes , H. L. 166 – 235 . Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Montoya , J. W. and Hemley , J. J. 1975 . Activity relations and stabilities in alkali feldspars and mica alteration reactions . Economic Geology , 70 : 577 – 594 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reed , M. H. 1997 . “ Hydrothermal alteration and its relation to ore fluid composition ” . In Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits , Edited by: Barnes , H. L. 303 – 365 . Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Ririe , G. T. 1990 . A comparison of alteration assemblages associated with Archean gold deposits in the southeast United States . Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , 27 : 1560 – 1576 .
   Google Scholar
• Rodhe , A. and Andréasson , P.-G. 1992 . Protoliths of the kyanite deposits at Hökensås, Protogine Zone of southern Sweden . Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm För-handlingar , 114 : 193 – 194 .
   Google Scholar
• Rye , R. O. 1993 . The evolution of magmatic fluids in the epithermal environment: The stable isotope perspective . Economic Geology , 88 : 733 – 753 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rye , R. O. , Bethke , P. M. and Wasserman , M. D. 1992 . The stable isotope geochemistry of acid sulfate alteration . Economic Geology , 87 : 225 – 262 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt , R. G. 1985 . High-alumina hydrothermal systems in volcanic rocks and their significance to mineral prospecting in the Carolina Slate Belt . U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin , 1562 : 1 – 59 .
   Google Scholar
• Schreyer , W. 1987 . “ Pre- or synmetamorphic metasomatism in peraluminous metamorphic rocks ” . In Chemical transport in metasomatic processes Edited by: Helgeson , H. C. 265–296. NATO ASI Series, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 218
   Google Scholar
• Sjögren , A. 1877 . Om Hållsjöberget, ett bidrag till Vermlands geognosi . Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar , 3 : 219 – 226 .
   Google Scholar
• Stoffregen , R. 1987 . Genesis of acid-sulfate alteration and Au-Cu-Ag mineralization at Summitville, Colorado . Economic Geology , 82 : 1575 – 1591 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wahlgren , C. H. , Cruden , A. R. and Stephens , M. B. 1994 . Kinematics of a major fanlike structure in the eastern part of the Sveconorwegian orogen, Baltic shield, south-central Sweden . Precambrian Research , 70 : 67 – 91 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welin , E. , Lundegårdh , P. H. and Kähr , A.-M. 1980 . The radiometric age of a Proterozoic hyperite diabase in Värmland, western Sweden . Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar , 102 : 49 – 52 .
   Google Scholar
• Wise , W. S. 1975 . Solid solution between the alunite, woodhouseite and crandallite mineral series . Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie Monatshefte , 12 : 540 – 545 .
   Google Scholar
• Wise , W. S. 1977 . Mineralogy of the Champion, White Mountains, California . Mineralogical Record , 7 : 478 – 486 .
   Google Scholar
• Wise , W. S. and Loh , S. E. 1976 . Equilibria and origin of minerals in the system Al2O3-AlPO4-H2O . American Mineralogist , 61 : 409 – 413 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wojdak , P. J. and Sinclair , A. J. 1984 . Equity silver-gold deposit: alteration and fluid inclusion studies . Economic Geology , 79 : 969 – 990 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yardley , B.W.D. 1991 . An introdution to metamorphic petrology , 248 Longman .
   Google Scholar