REFERENCES
- Barth, J.A., Menge, B.A., Lubchenco, J., Chan, F., Bane, J.M., Kirincich, A.R., McManus, M.A., Nielsen, K.J., Pierce, S.D. & Washburn, L., 2007: Delayed upwelling alters nearshore coastal ocean ecosystems in the northern California current. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America104 (10), 3719–3724. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0700462104.
- Baumgartner, T.R., Soutar, A. & Ferreira-Bartrina, V., 1992: Reconstruction of the history of the Pacific sardine and northern anchovy populations over the past two millennia from sediments of the Santa Barbara basin, California. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries (CalCOFI) Investigations Report33, 24–40. http://www.calcofi.org/publications/calcofireports/v33/Vol_33_Baumgartner_etal.pdf.
- Behl, R.J., 1995: Sedimentary facies and sedimentology of the Late Quaternary Santa Barbara Basin (Site 893). In J.P.Kennett, J.G.Baldauf & M.Lyle (eds.): Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 146 (pt. 2): 295–308. Ocean Drilling Program, College Station. http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/146_2_SR/VOLUME/CHAPTERS/sr146pt2_22.pdf.
- Berelson, W.M. & Stott, L., 2003: Productivity and organic carbon rain to the California margin sea floor: modern and paleoceanographic perspectives. Paleoceanography18 (1), 2-1–2-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001PA000672.
- Bindoff, N.L. & McDougall, T.J., 2000: Decadal changes along an Indian Ocean section at 32°S and their interpretation. Journal of Physical Oceanography30 (6), 1207–1222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(2000)030 < 1207:DCAAIO>2.0.CO;2.
- Biondi, F., Lange, C.B., Hughes, M.K. & Berger, W.H., 1997: Inter-decadal signals during the last millennium (AD 1117–1992) in the varve record of Santa Barbara basin, California. Geophysical Research Letters24 (2), 193–196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96GL03813.
- Bograd, S.J., Castro, C.G., Di Lorenzo, E., Palacios, D.M., Bailey, H., Gilly, W. & Chavez, F.P., 2008: Oxygen declines and the shoaling of the hypoxic boundary in the California Current. Geophysical Research Letters35 (12), L12607, (28 June 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008GL034185.
- Bull, D., Kemp, A.E.S. & Weedon, G.P., 2000: A 160-k.y.-old record of El Niño-Southern Oscillation in marine production and coastal runoff from Santa Barbara Basin, California, USA. Geology28 (11), 1007–1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28 < 1007:AKROEN>2.0.CO;2.
- Cannariato, K.G., Kennett, J.P. & Behl, R.J., 1999: Biotic response to late Quaternary climate switches in Santa Barbara Basin: ecological and evolutionary implications. Geology27 (1), 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027 < 0063:BRTLQR>2.3.CO;2.
- Christensen, C.J., Gorsline, D.S., Hammond, D.E. & Lund, S.P., 1994: Non-annual laminations and expansion of anoxic basin-floor conditions in Santa Monica Basin, California Borderland, over the past four centuries. Marine Geology116 (3–4), 399–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(94)90054-X.
- Cook, E.R., Seager, R., HeimJr., R.R, Vose, R.S., Herweijer, C. & Woodhouse, C., 2010: Megadroughts in North America: placing IPCC projections of hydroclimatic change in a long-term palaeoclimate context. Journal of Quaternary Science25 (1), 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1303.
- Deutsch, C., Emerson, S. & Thompson, L., 2005: Fingerprints of climate change in North Pacific oxygen. Geophysical Research Letters32, L16604, (20 August 2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005GL023190; see also correction in the same volume: http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005GL024471.
- Deutsch, C., Brix, H., Ito, T., Frenzel, H. & Thompson, L., 2011: Climate forcing of ocean hypoxia. Science333 (6040), 336–339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1202422.
- Díaz-Ochoa, J.A., Pantoja, S., DeLange, G.J., Lange, C.B., Sánchez, G.E., Acuña, V.R., Muñoz, P. & Vargas, G., 2011: Oxygenation variability in Mejillones Bay, off northern Chile, during the last two centuries. Biogeosciences8, 137–146. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-137-2011.
- Emerson, S., Mecking, S. & Abell, J., 2001: The biological pump in the subtropical North Pacific Ocean: nutrient sources, Redfield ratios, and recent changes. Global Biogeochemical Cycles15 (3), 535–554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000GB001320.
- Francus, P., 2001: Quantification of bioturbation in hemipelagic sediments via thin-section image analysis. Journal of Sedimentary Research71 (3), 501–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/2DC4095A-0E47-11D7-8643000102C1865D.
- Garcia, H., Cruzado, A., Gordon, L. & Escanez, J., 1998: Decadal-scale chemical variability in the subtropical North Atlantic deduced from nutrient and oxygen data. Journal of Geophysical Research – Oceans103 (C2), 2817–2830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97JC03037.
- Gilly, W.F., Beman, J.M., Litvin, S.Y. & Robison, B.H., 2012: Oceanographic and biological effects of shoaling of the oxygen minimum zone. Annual Review of Marine Science. Electronic preprint: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-120710-100849.
- Gutiérrez, D., Sifeddine, A., Field, D.B., Ortlieb, L., Vargas, G., Chávez, F.P., Velazco, F., Ferreira, V., Tapia, P., Salvatteci, R., Boucher, H., Morales, M.C., Valdés, J., Reyss, J.L., Campusano, A., Boussafir, M., Mandeng-Yogo, M., García, M. & Baumgartner, T., 2009: Rapid reorganization in ocean biogeochemistry off Peru towards the end of the Little Ice Age. Biogeosciences6, 835–848. http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/835/2009/.
- Hendy, I.L., Dunn, L., Schimmelmann, A. & Pak, D.K., 2013: Resolving varve and radiocarbon chronology differences during the last 2000 years in the Santa Barbara Basin sedimentary record, California. Quaternary Intrenational. Electronic preprint: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2012.09.006.
- Ingram, B.L. & Southon, J.R., 1996: Reservoir ages in eastern Pacific coastal and estuarine waters. Radiocarbon38 (3), 573–582. https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1921/1922.
- Inman, D.L. & Jenkins, S.A., 1999: Climate change and the episodicity of sediment flux of small California rivers. Journal of Geology107 (3), 251–270.
- Keeling, R.F., Körtzinger, A. & Gruber, N., 2010: Ocean deoxygenation in a warming world. Annual Review of Marine Science2, 199–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163855.
- Kennett, D.J., Ingram, B.L., Erlandson, J.M. & Walker, P., 1997: Evidence for temporal fluctuations in marine radiocarbon reservoir ages in the Santa Barbara Channel, southern California. Journal of Archaeological Science24 (11), 1051–1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jasc.1996.0184.
- Koide, M., Bruland, K.W. & Goldberg, E.D., 1973: Th-228/Th-232 and Pb-210 geochronologies in marine and lake sediments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta37 (5), 1171–1187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(73)90054-9.
- Koide, M., Soutar, A. & Goldberg, E.D., 1972: Marine geochronology with 210Pb. Earth and Planetary Science Letters14 (3), 442–446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(72)90146-X.
- Matear, R.J. & Hirst, A.C., 2003: Long-term changes in dissolved oxygen concentrations in the ocean caused by protracted global warming. Global Biogeochemical Cycles17 (4). 35-1–35-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002GB001997.
- McClatchie, S., Goericke, R., Cosgrove, R., Auad, G. & Vetter, R., 2010: Oxygen in the Southern California Bight: multidecadal trends and implications for demersal fisheries. Geophysical Research Letters37, L19602, (2 October 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010GL044497.
- Ono, T., Midorikawa, T., Watanabe, Y.W., Tadokoro, K. & Saino, T., 2001: Temporal increases of phosphate and apparent oxygen utilization in the subsurface waters of western subarctic Pacific from 1968 to 1998. Geophysical Research Letters28 (17), 3285–3288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001GL012948.
- Perkins, J.A. & Sims, J.D., 1983: Correlation of Alaskan varve thickness with climatic parameters, and use in paleoclimatic reconstruction. Quaternary Research20 (3), 308–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(83)90015-7.
- Pike, J., Bernhard, J.M., Moreton, S.G. & Butler, I.B., 2001: Microbioirrigation of marine sediments in dysoxic environments: implications for early sediment fabric formation and diagenetic processes. Geology29 (10), 923–926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029 < 0923:MOMSID>2.0.CO;2.
- Ramsey, C.B., Staff, R.A., Bryant, C.L., Brock, F., Kitagawa, H., van der Plicht, J., Schlolaut, G., Marshall, M.H., Brauer, A., Lamb, H.F., Payne, R.L., Tarasov, P.E., Haraguchi, T., Gotanda, K., Yonenobu, H., Yokoyama, Y., Tada, R. & Nakagawa, T., 2012: A complete terrestrial radiocarbon record for 11.2 to 52.8 kyr B.P.Science338 (6105), 370–374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1226660.
- Reimer, P.J., 2012: Refining the radiocarbon time scale. Science338 (6105), 337–338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1228653.
- Reimer, P.J., Baillie, M.G.L., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Beck, J.W., Blackwell, P.G., Bronk Ramsey, C., Buck, C.E., Burr, G.S., Edwards, R.L., Friedrich, M., Grootes, P.M., Guilderson, T.P., Hajdas, I., Heaton, T.J., Hogg, A.G., Hughen, K.A., Kaiser, K.F., Kromer, B., McCormac, F.G., Manning, S.W., Reimer, R.W., Richards, D.A., Southon, J.R., Talamo, S., Turney, C.S.M., van der Plicht, J. & Weyhenmeyer, C.E., 2009: INTCAL09 and MARINE09 radiocarbon age calibration curves, 0–50,000 years cal BP. Radiocarbon51 (4), 1111–1150. https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/3569/3082.
- Roark, E.B., Ingram, B.L., Southon, J. & Kennett, J.P., 2003: Holocene foraminiferal radiocarbon record of paleocirculation in the Santa Barbara Basin. Geology31 (4), 379–382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031 < 0379:HFRROP>2.0.CO;2.
- Sancetta, C., 1996: Laminated diatomaceous sediments: controls on formation and strategies for analysis. In A.E.S.Kemp (ed.): Palaeoclimatology and Palaeoceanography from Laminated Sediments, 17–21. Geological Society Special Publication 116, London. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.03.
- Savrda, C.E., Bottjer, D.J. & Gorsline, D.S., 1984: Development of a comprehensive oxygen deficient marine biofacies model: evidence from Santa Monica, San Pedro, and Santa Barbara basins, California Continental Borderland. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin68 (9), 1179–1192. http://aapgbull.geoscienceworld.org/content/68/9/1179.short.
- Schimmelmann, A., 2012a: Varve master reference list, compiled for the PAGES Varve Working Group (VWG), containing more than 1100 references. Available online: http://www.pages.unibe.ch/download/docs/Varve%20publications.pdf.
- Schimmelmann, A., 2012b: The “coffin lid” effect: flood layers and turbidites in Santa Barbara Basin affect diagenesis of organic matter in underlying varved sediment. In M.R.Besonen (ed.): Second Workshop of the PAGES Varves Working Group, Program and Abstracts, 17–19 March 2011, 83–86. Corpus Christi, Texas, USA. http://www.pages.unibe.ch/download/docs/2nd%20Workshop%20programs%20and%20abstracts%20volume.pdf.
- Schimmelmann, A. & Lange, C.B., 1996: Tales of 1001 varves: a review of Santa Barbara Basin sediment studies. In A.E.S.Kemp (ed.): Palaeoclimatology and Palaeoceanography from Laminated Sediments. Geological Society (of London). Special Publication No. 116, 121–141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.12.
- Schimmelmann, A., Lange, C.B., Berger, W.H., Simon, A., Burke, S.K. & Dunbar, R.B., 1992: Extreme climatic conditions recorded in Santa Barbara Basin laminated sediments: the 1835–1840 Macoma Event. Marine Geology106, 279–299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(92)90134-4.
- Schimmelmann, A., Lange, C.B. & Meggers, B.L., 2003: Palaeoclimatic and archaeological evidence for a ∼200-yr recurrence of floods and droughts linking California, Mesoamerica and South America over the past 2000 years. The Holocene13 (5), 763–778. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0959683603hl661rp.
- Schimmelmann, A., Lange, C.B., Roark, E.B. & Ingram, B.L., 2006: Resources for paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic analysis: a 6,700-year stratigraphy and regional reservoir-age (ΔR) record based on varve counting and 14C-AMS dating for the Santa Barbara Basin, offshore California, USA. Journal of Sedimentary Research76, 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2006.04; see X-radiographic comparison of box cores in the Data Archive: http://www.sepm.org/jsr/data_files/2006_data/da_sch_1.pdf.
- Sonett, C.P. & Williams, G.E., 1985: Solar periodicities expressed in varves from glacial Skilak Lake, Southern Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research90 (A12), 12019–12026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JA090iA12p12019.
- Sonett, C.P., Williams, C.R. & Mörner, N.A., 1992: The Fourier spectrum of Swedish riverine varves: evidence of sub-arctic quasi-biennial (QBO) oscillations. Global and Planetary Change6 (1), 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-8181(92)90022-3.
- Soutar, A., 1967: The accumulation of fish debris in certain California coastal sediments. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI) Report11, 136–139. http://www.calcofi.org/publications/calcofireports/v11/Vol_11_Soutar.pdf.
- Soutar, A. & Crill, P.A., 1977: Sedimentation and climatic patterns in the Santa Barbara Basin during the 19th and 20th centuries. Geological Society of America Bulletin88, 1161–1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1977)88 < 1161:SACPIT>2.0.CO;2.
- Soutar, A. & Isaacs, J.D., 1969: History of fish populations inferred from fish scales in anaerobic sediments off California. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI) Report13, 63–70. http://www.calcofi.org/publications/calcofireports/v13/Vol_13_Soutar_Isaacs.pdf.
- Stanton, T., Snowball, I., Zillén, L. & Wastegård, S., 2010: Validating a Swedish varve chronology using radiocarbon, palaeomagnetic secular variation, lead pollution history and statistical correlation. Quaternary Geochronology5 (6), 611–624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2010.03.004.
- Stihler, S.D., Stone, D.B. & Beget, J.E., 1992: “Varve” counting vs. tephrochronology and 137Cs and 210Pb dating: a comparative test at Skilak Lake, Alaska. Geology20 (11), 1019–1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020 < 1019:VCVTAC>2.3.CO;2.
- Stramma, L., Schmidtko, S., Levin, L.A. & Johnson, G.C., 2010: Ocean oxygen minima expansions and their biological impacts. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers57 (4), 587–595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2010.01.005.
- Stramma, L., Oschlies, A. & Schmidtko, S., 2012a: Mismatch between observed and modeled trends in dissolved upper-ocean oxygen over the last 50 yr. Biogeosciences9, 4045–4057. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-4045-2012.
- Stramma, L., Prince, E.D., Schmidtko, S., Luo, J., Hoolihan, J.P., Visbeck, M., Wallace, D.W.R., Brandt, P. & Körtzinger, A., 2012b: Expansion of oxygen minimum zones may reduce available habitat for tropical pelagic fishes. Nature Climate Change2 (1), 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/NCLIMATE1304.
- Stuiver, M. & Braziunas, T.F., 1993: Modeling atmospheric 14C influences and 14C ages of marine samples to 10,000 BC. Radiocarbon35 (1), 137–189. https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1558/1562.
- Stuiver, M. & Reimer, P.J., 1993: Extended 14C data base and revised CALIB 3.0 14C age calibration program. Radiocarbon35 (1), 215–230. https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/view/1561/1565.
- Tian, J., Brown, T.A. & Hu, F.S., 2005: Comparison of varve and 14C chronologies from Steel Lake, Minnesota, USA. The Holocene15 (4), 510–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0959683605hl828rp.
- Warrick, J.A. & Milliman, J.D., 2003: Hyperpycnal sediment discharge from semiarid southern California rivers: implications for coastal sediment budgets. Geology31 (9), 781–784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G19671.1.
- Zolitschka, B., 2007: Varved lake sediments. In S.A.Elias (ed.): Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science, 3105–3114. Elsevier, Amsterdam. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B0-44-452747-8/00065-X.