References
- Vlajkovic GP, Sindjelic RP. Emergence delirium in children: many questions, few answers. Anesth Analg. 2007 ;104(1):84–91.
- Redhu S, Jalwal GK, Saxena M, et al. A comparative study of induction, maintenance and recovery characteristics of sevoflurane and halothane anaesthesia in pediatric patients (6 months to 6 years). J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2010;26(4):484. doi: 10.4103/0970-9185.74591
- Davis MP. Does palliative sedation always relieve symptoms? J Palliat Med. 2009 ;12(10):875–877.
- Mason KP. Paediatric emergence delirium: a comprehensive review and interpretation of the literature. Br J Anaesth. 2017 ;118(3):335–343.
- Cravero J, Surgenor S, Whalen K. Emergence agitation in paediatric patients after sevoflurane anaesthesia and no surgery: a comparison with halothane. Pediatr Anesth. 2000;10(4):419–424. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.2000.00560.x
- Splinter WM, Reid CW, Roberts DJ, et al. Reducing pain after inguinal hernia repair in children: caudal anesthesia versus ketorolac tromethamine. J Am Soc Anesthesiologists. 1997;87(3):542–546. doi: 10.1097/00000542-199709000-00013
- Manworren RC, Paulos CL, Pop R. Treating children for acute agitation in the PACU: differentiating pain and emergence delirium. J PeriAnesthesia Nurs. 2004 ;19(3):183–193.
- Dalens BJ, Pinard AM, Létourneau DR, et al. Prevention of emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia for pediatric cerebral magnetic resonance imaging by small doses of ketamine or nalbuphine administered just before discontinuing anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 2006 ;102(4):1056–1061.
- Ali MA, Abdellatif AA. Prevention of sevoflurane related emergence agitation in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy: a comparison of dexmedetomidine and propofol. Saudi J Anaesth. 2013;7(3):296–300. doi: 10.4103/1658-354X.115363
- Kim HJ, Kim HS, Kim SD, et al. Effects of propofol and nalbuphine on emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in children for strabismus surgery. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2008;55(5):575–578. doi: 10.4097/kjae.2008.55.5.575
- Kuratani N, Oi Y. Greater incidence of emergence agitation in children after sevoflurane anesthesia as compared with halothane: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Am Soc Anesthesiologists. 2008 ;109(2):225–232.
- Kararmaz A, Kaya S, Turhanoglu S, et al. Oral ketamine premedication can prevent emergence agitation in children after desflurane anaesthesia. Pediatr Anesth. 2004;14(6):477–482. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9592.2004.01224.x
- Ozcan A, Kaya AG, Ozcan N, et al. Effects of ketamine and midazolam on emergence agitation after sevoflurane anaesthesia in children receiving caudal block: a randomized trial. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2014;64(6):377–381. doi: 10.1016/j.bjane.2014.01.004
- Andrew WG, David MR, Harish R. Intravenous sub-anesthetic ketamine for perioperative analgesia. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2016;32(2):160–167. doi: 10.4103/0970-9185.182085
- Schmitz A, Weiss M, Kellenberger C, et al. Sedation for magnetic resonance imaging using propofol with or without ketamine at induction in pediatrics—a prospective randomized double‐blinded study. Pediatr Anesth. 2018;28(3):264–274. doi: 10.1111/pan.13315
- Cohen IT, Finkel JC, Hannallah RS, et al. Rapid emergence does not explain agitation following sevoflurane anaesthesia in infants and children: a comparison with propofol. Pediatr Anesth. 2003;13(1):63–67. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.00948.x
- Rizk SN, Samir EM. Use of ketofol to control emergence agitation in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy. Egypt J Anaesth. 30(1):13–19. 2014. doi: 10.1016/j.egja.2013.09.003
- Zhao N, Wu YJ, Yu C. Effect of intravenous nalbuphine on emergence agitation in children undergoing dental surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia. Int J Exp Med. 2018 ;11(9):10215–10222