Estimating the likelihood of success with the initial empiric antimicrobial therapy in patients with nosocomial infections

References

• Garner JS, Jarvis WR, Emori TG, Horan TC, Hughes JM. CDC definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988. Am J Infect Control. 1988;16:128–140.10.1016/0196-6553(88)90053-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shlaes DM, Gerding DN, John, Jr. JF Jr, Craig William A., Bornstein DN, Duncan Robert A. Jr, et al. Society for helthcare epidemiology of america and infectious diseases society of America Joint Committee on the prevention of antimicrobial resistance: guidelines for the prevention of antimicrobial resistance in hospitals. Clin Infect Dis. 1997;25:584–599.10.1086/cid.1997.25.issue-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bantar C, Curcio DFernandez Canigia L, García P, Guzmán Blanco M, Leal AL; Latin American Tigecycline Surveillance Group. Comparative in vitro activity of tigecycline against bacteria recovered from clinical specimens in Latin America. J Chemother. 2009;21:144–152.10.1179/joc.2009.21.2.144
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bantar C, Famiglietti A, Goldberg M; The Antimicrobial Committee and The National Surveillance Program (SIR) Participants Group. Three-year surveillance study of nosocomial bacterial resistance in Argentina. Int J Infect Dis. 2000;4:85–90.10.1016/S1201-9712(00)90099-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fernández Canigia L, Kaufman S, Lanata L, Vay C, Giovanakis M, Bantar C, Argentinean Tigecycline Surveillance Group. Multicenter study to assess the in vitro activity of tigecycline by disk diffusion test against clinical isolates from Argentina. Chemotherapy. 2009; 55:20–27.10.1159/000167788
   Google Scholar
• Siegel JD, Rhinehart E, Jackson M, Chiarello L; Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. Management of multidrug-resistant organisms in health care settings, 2006. Am J Infect Control. 2007; 35(10):S165–S193.10.1016/j.ajic.2007.10.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bantar C, Alcazar G, Franco D, Salamone F, Vesco E, Stieben T, et al. Are laboratory-based antibiograms reliable to guide the selection of empirical antimicrobial treatment in patients with hospital-acquired infections? J Antimicrob Chemother. 2007;59:140–143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bantar C, Alcazar G, Franco D, Vesco E, Salamone F, Izaguirre M, et al. Impact of antibiotic treatment on bacterial resistance rates from patients with hospital-acquired infection. J Chemother. 2007;19:673–676.10.1179/joc.2007.19.6.673
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bantar C, Sartori B, Saul M, Salamone F, Vesco M, Morera G. Alarming misuse of antibiotics in a hospital from Argentina [abstract A-69]. In: Program and abstracts of the 101st General Meeting of The American Society for Microbiology (Orlando, Florida). Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology; 2001. p. 17.
   Google Scholar
• Fridkin SK, Steward CD, Edwards JR, Pryor ER, McGowan, Jr. JE Jr, Archibald LK, et al. Surveillance of antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in United States hospitals: Project ICARE phase 2. Project intensive care antimicrobial resistance epidemiology (ICARE) hospitals. Clin Infect Dis. 1999;29:245–252.10.1086/cid.1999.29.issue-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gross R, Morgan AS, Kinky DE, Weiner M, Gibson GA, Fishman NO. Impact of a hospital‐based antimicrobial management program on clinical and economic outcomes. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33:289–295.10.1086/cid.2001.33.issue-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bosso JA. The impact of antimicrobial management on resistance. Pharmacotherapy. 2004;24(12 Pt 2):203S–215S.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luna CM, Vujacich P, Niederman MS, Vay C, Gherardi C, Matera J, et al. Impact of BAL data on the therapy and outcome of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest. 1997;111:676–685.10.1378/chest.111.3.676
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez JA, Cobos-Trigueros N, Soriano A, Almela M, Ortega M, Marco F, et al. Influence of empiric therapy with a beta-lactam alone or combined with an aminoglycoside on prognosis of bacteremia due to gram-negative microorganisms. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010;54:3590–3596.10.1128/AAC.00115-10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Critchley IA, Karlowsky JA. Optimal use of antibiotic resistance surveillance systems. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2004;10:502–511.10.1111/j.1469-0691.2004.00911.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zapantis A, Lacy MK, Horvat RT, Grauer D, Barnes BJ, O’Neal B, et al. Nationwide antibiogram analysis using NCCLS M39-A guidelines. J Clin Microbiol. 2005;43:2629–2634.10.1128/JCM.43.6.2629-2634.2005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magee JT. Effects of duplicate and screening isolates on surveillance of community and hospital antibiotic resistance. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004;54:155–162.10.1093/jac/dkh295
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fridkin SK, Edwards JR, Tenover FC, Gaynes RP, McGowan, Jr. JE Jr. Antimicrobial resistance prevalence rates in hospital antibiograms reflect prevalence rates among pathogens associated with hospital‐acquired infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33:324–330.10.1086/cid.2001.33.issue-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Efstathiou SP, Pefanis AV, Tsioulos DI, Zacharos ID, Tsiakou AG, Mitromaras AG, et al. Acute pyelonephritis in adults: prediction of mortality and failure of treatment. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163:1206–1212.10.1001/archinte.163.10.1206
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roehrborn A, Thomas L, Potreck O, Ebener C, Ohmann C, Goretzki PE, et al. The microbiology of postoperative peritonitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33:1513–1519.10.1086/cid.2001.33.issue-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krobot K, Yin D, Zhang Q, Sen S, Altendorf-Hofmann A, Scheele J, et al. Effect of inappropriate initial empiric antibiotic therapy on outcome of patients with community-acquired intra-abdominal infections requiring surgery. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2004;23:682–687.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montravers P, Gauzit R, Muller C, Marmuse JP, Fichelle A, Desmonts JM. Emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in cases of peritonitis after intraabdominal surgery affects the efficacy of empirical antimicrobial therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 1996;23:486–494.10.1093/clinids/23.3.486
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Micek ST, Wunderink RG, Kollef MH, Chen C, Rello J, Chastre J, et al. An international multicenter retrospective study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa nosocomial pneumonia: impact of multidrug resistance. Crit Care. 2015;19:559–566.10.1186/s13054-015-0926-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diaz E, Lorente L, Valles J, Rello J. Mechanical ventilation associated pneumonia. Med Intensiva. 2010;34:318–324.10.1016/j.medin.2010.03.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garnacho-Montero J, Ortiz-Leyba C, Herrera-Melero I, Aldabó-Pallás T, Cayuela-Dominguez A, Marquez-Vacaro JA, et al. Mortality and morbidity attributable to inadequate empirical antimicrobial therapy in patients admitted to the ICU with sepsis: a matched cohort study. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2008;61:436–441.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falagas ME, Kasiakou SK, Rafailidis PI, Zouglakis G, Morfou P. Comparison of mortality of patients with Acinetobacter baumannii bacteraemia receiving appropriate and inappropriate empirical therapy. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2006; 57:1251–1254.10.1093/jac/dkl130
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harbarth S, Nobre V, Pittet D. Does antibiotic selection impact patient outcome? Clin Infect Dis. 2007;44:87–93.10.1086/cid.2007.44.issue-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGregor JC, Rich SE, Harris AD, Perencevich EN, Osih R, Lodise TP Jr, et al. A systematic review of the methods used to assess the association between appropriate antibiotic therapy and mortality in bacteremic patients. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;45:329–337.10.1086/519283
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar