The effect of uni-axial clinostat rotation on germination and root anatomy of Phaseolus vulgaris L.

REFERENCES

• Aarrouf , J. , Schoëeva˜rt , D. , Maldiney , R. and Perbal , G. 1999 . Changes in hormonal balance and meristematic activity in primary root tips on the slowly rotating clinostat and their effect on the development of the rapeseed root system . Physiol. Plant. , 105 : 708 – 718 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balu_ka , F. and Hasenstein , K.H. 1997 . Root cytoskeleton: its role in perception of and response to gravity . Planta , 203 : S69 – S78 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bara , M. and Gordon , S.A. 1972 . The effect of gravity compensation on growth and cell wall — loosening enzymes in Helianthus annuus hypocotyls . Physiol. Plant. , 27 : 277 – 280 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brain , E.D. 1939 . Studies on the effects of prolonged rotation of plants on a horizontal clinostat. II Anatomical structure . New Phytol. , 38 : 240 – 256 .
   Google Scholar
• Brown , A.H. and Chapman , D.K. 1985 . How far can clinostat be trusted? . Physiol. , 28 : 197 – 197 .
   Google Scholar
• Brown , A.H. , Dahl , A.O. and Chapman , D.K. 1976 . Limitation on the use of the horizontal clinostat as a gravity compensator . Pl. Physiol. , 58 : 127 – 130 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caspar , T. and Pickard , B.G. 1989 . Gravitropism in a starchless mutant of Arabidopsis . Planta , 177 : 185 – 197 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cowles , J.R. , Omran , R. and Jahns , G. 1986 . Cell wall-related synthesis in plant seedling grown in the microgravity environment of the space shuttle . Pl. Physiol. , 8 ( Suppl. 4 ) : 9 – 9 .
   Google Scholar
• Cowles , J.R. , Scheld , H.W. , Lemay , R. and Peterson , C. 1984 . Experiments on plants grown in space. Growth and lignification in seedlings exposed to eight days in microgravity . Ann. Bot. , 54 ( Suppl. 30 ) : 33 – 48 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Darbelley , N. , Driss-Ecole , D. and Perbal , G. 1989 . Elongation and mitotic activity of cortical cells in lentil roots grown in microgravity . Pl. Physiol. Bioch. , 27 : 341 – 347 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dedolph , R.R. and Dipert , M.H. 1971 . The physical basis of gravity stimulus nullification by clinostat rotation . Pl. Physiol. , 47 : 756 – 764 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Driss-Ecole , D. , Jeune , B. , Proteau , M. , Julianus , P. and Perbal , G. 2000 . Lentil root statoliths reach a stable state in microgravity . Planta , 211 : 396 – 405 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dutcher , F.R. , Hess , E.L. and Halstead , T.W. 1994 . Progress in plant research in space . Adv. Sp. Res. , 14 : 159 – 171 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitzelle , K.J. and Kiss , J.Z. 2001 . Restoration of gravitropic sensitivity in starch-deficient mutants of Arabidopsis by hypergravity . J. Exp. Bot. , 355 : 265 – 275 .
   Google Scholar
• Gray , S.W. and Edwards , B.F. 1968 . The effect of weightlessness on wheat seedling morphogenesis and histochemistry . Bioscience , 18 : 638 – 645 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hensel , W. 1988 . Demonstration by heavy-meromyosin of actin microfilaments in extracted cress (Lepidium sativum L.) root statocytes . Planta , 173 : 142 – 143 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hensel , W. and Sievers , A. 1980 . Effects of prolonged omnilateral gravistimulation on the ultrastructure of statocytes and on the graviresponse of roots . Planta , 150 : 338 – 346 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hinchman , R.R. and Gordon , S.A. 1974 . Amyloplast size and number in gravity-compensated oat seedlings . Pl. Physiol. , 53 : 398 – 401 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoson , T. , Kamisaka , S. , Masuda , Y. , Yamashita , M. and Buchen , B. 1997 . Evaluation of the three-dimensional clinostat as a simulator of weightlessness . Planta , 203 : S187 – S197 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iversen , T-H. and Larsen , P. 1971 . The starch statolith hypothesis and the optimum angle of geotropic stimulation . Physiol. Plant. , 25 : 23 – 27 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen , W.A. 1962 . Botanical histochemistry. Principles and practice , San Francisco CA, , USA : W.H. Freeman & Company .
   Google Scholar
• Katembe , W.J. , Edelmann , R.E. , Brinckmann , E. and Kiss , J.Z. 1998 . The development of spaceflight experiments with Arabidopsis as a model system in gravitropism studies . J. Pl. Res. , 111 : 463 – 470 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiss , J.Z. , Hertel , R. and Sack , F.D. 1989 . Amyloplasts are necessary for full gravitropic sensitivity in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana . Planta , 177 : 198 – 206 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraft , T.F.B. , van Loon , J.J.W.A. and Kiss , J.Z. 2000 . Plastid position in Arabidopsis columella cells is similar in microgravity and on a random-positioning machine . Planta , 211 : 415 – 422 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larsen , P. 1953 . Influence of gravity on rate of elongation and on geotropic and autotropic reactions in roots . Physiol. Plant. , 6 : 735 – 774 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larsen , P. 1957 . The development of geotropic and spontaneous curvatures in roots . Physiol. Plant. , 10 : 127 – 163 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Legué , V. , Driss-Ecole , D. and Perbal , G. 1992 . Cell cycle and cell differentiation in lentil roots grown on a slowly rotating clinostat . Physiol. Plant. , 84 : 386 – 392 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorenzi , G. and Perbal , G. 1990 . Root growth and statocyte polarity in lentil seedling roots grown in microgravity or on a slowly rotating clinostat . Physiol. Plant. , 78 : 532 – 537 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore , D. and Cogoli , A. 1996 . “ Gravitational and space biology at the cellular level ” . In Biological and space research in space. An overview of life science research in microgravity , Edited by: Moore , D. , Brie , P. and Oser , H. 1 – 106 . Berlin : Springer . In
   Google Scholar
• Moore , R. 1988 . How gravity affects plant growth and development . Biology Digest , 17 : 11 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Moore , R. 1990a . How effectively does a clinostat mimic the ultrastructural effects of microgravity on plant cells? . Ann. Bot. , 65 : 213 – 216 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore , R. 1990b . Comparative effectiveness of a clinostat and a slow-turning lateral vessel at mimicking the ultrastructural effects of microgravity in plant cells . Ann. Bot. , 66 : 541 – 549 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsen , G.M. and Iversen , T-H. 1980a . Growth and curvature in seedlings of Pisum sativum and an ageotropic mutant . Physiol. Plant. , 50 : 269 – 274 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsen , G.M. and Iversen , T-H. 1980b . Ultrastructure and movements of cell structures in normal pea and an ageotropic mutant . Physiol. Plant. , 50 : 275 – 284 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsen , G.M. , Mirza , J.I. , Maher , E.D. and Iversen , T-H. 1984 . Ultrastructure and movements of cell organelles in the root cap of agravitropic mutants and normal seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana . Physiol. Plant. , 60 : 523 – 531 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perbal , G. , Driss-Ecole , D. , Rutin , J. and Sallé , G. 1987 . Graviperception of lentil seedling roots grown in space (spacelab D1 Mission) . Physiol. Plant. , 70 : 119 – 126 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perbal , G. , Driss-Ecole , D. , Tewinkel , M. and Volkmann , D. 1997 . Statocyte polarity and gravisensitivity in seedling roots grown in microgravity . Planta , 203 : S57 – S62 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruyters , G. and Scott , T.K. 1997 . Future research in plant biology in space: summary of critical issues and recommendations of the workshop . Planta , 203 : S211 – S213 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sack , F.D. 1991 . Plant gravity sensing . Int. Rev. Cytol. , 127 : 193 – 252 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sack , F.D. 1997 . Plastids and gravitropic sensing . Planta , 203 : S63 – S68 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sack , F.D. and Kiss , J.Z. 1989 . Root cap structure in wild type and in a starchless mutant of Arabidopsis . Am. J. Bot. , 76 : 35 – 42 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salisbury , F.B. 1993 . Gravitropism: changing ideas . Hort. Rev. , 15 : 233 – 278 .
   Google Scholar
• Sievers , A. and Hejnowicz , Z. 1992 . How well does the clinostat mimic the effect of microgravity on plant cells and organs? . Am. Soc. Grav. Sp. Biol. Bull. , 5 ( 2 ) : 69 – 75 .
   Google Scholar
• Sievers , A. , Kruse , S. , Kuo-Huang , L. and Wendt , M. 1989 . Statoliths and microfilaments in plant cells . Planta , 179 : 275 – 278 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sluppahug , G. and Iversen , TH. The use of horizontal clinostats in studies of plant statocyte development . Proceedings of 2nd European Symposium on Life Science Research in space . Vol. 212 , pp. 53 – 59 . Paris, SP : European space Agency .
   Google Scholar
• Volkmann , D. and Tewinkel , M. 1996 . Gravisensitivity of cress roots: investigations of threshold values under specific conditions of sensor physiology in microgravity . Pl. Cell Env. , 19 : 1195 – 1202 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volkmann , D. , Buchen , B. , Hejnowicz , Z. , Tewinkel , M. and Sievers , A. 1991 . Oriented movement of statoliths studied in a reduced gravitational field during parabolic flights of rockets . Planta , 185 : 153 – 161 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yodel , T.L. , Zheng , H. , Todd , P. and Staehelin , L.A. 2001 . Amyloplast sedimentation dynamics in maize columella cells support a new model for the gravity-sensing apparatus of roots . Pl. Physiol. , 125 : 1045 – 1060 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu , F. , Driss-Ecole , D. , Rembur , J. , Legué , V. and Perbal , G. 1999 . Effect of microgravity on the cell cycle in the lentil root . Physiol. Plant. , 105 : 171 – 178 *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** TF002014 00005 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar