The Eutrophication/Pollution Index-Diatom based (EPI-D) and three new related indices for monitoring rivers: The case study of the river Potenza (the Marches, Italy)

References

• Ács , É , Kiss , K T and Padisák , J . 2007 . Use of algae for monitoring rivers VI . Arch Hydrobiol Suppl Large Rivers , 17 : 265 – 550 .
   Google Scholar
• APAT IRSA-CNR . 2003 . “ Metodi analitici per le acque. Manuali e Linee Guida 29 ” . Roma : APAT .
   Google Scholar
• APHA . 1998 . “ Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater ” . New York : American Public Health Association .
   Google Scholar
• Bona , F , Falasco , E , Fassina , S , Griselli , B and Badino , G . 2007 . Characterization of diatom assemblages in mid-altitude streams of NW Italy . Hydrobiologia , 583 : 265 – 274 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cemagref . 1982 . “ Étude des méthodes biologiques quantitatives d'appréciation de la qualité des eaux ” . Lyon : Rapport Division Qualité des Eaux Lyon – Agence de l'Eau Rhône-Méditerranée-Corse .
   Google Scholar
• CEN . 2003 . “ Water quality – Guidance standard for the routine sampling and pretreatment of benthic diatoms from rivers. EN 13946 ” . Brussels : European Committee for Standardization .
   Google Scholar
• CEN . 2004 . “ Water quality – Guidance standard for the identification, enumeration and interpretation of benthic diatoms from rivers. EN 14407 ” . Brussels : European Committee for Standardization .
   Google Scholar
• CEU (Council of the European Union) . 2000 . Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for community action in the field of water policy . Off J Eur Communities L , 327 : 1 – 72 .
   Google Scholar
• Cocchioni , M , Pellegrini , M G , Germozzi , R , Vitali , C , Bernacchia , G and Stanzini , C . 1991 . Qualità delle acque del fiume Potenza: aspetti chimici, chimico-fisici, batteriologici e mappaggio biologico . Inquinamento , 3 : 82 – 89 .
   Google Scholar
• Coste , M , Boutry , S , Tison-Rosebery , J and Delmas , F . 2009 . Improvements of the Biological Diatom Index (BDI): Description and efficiency of the new version (BDI-2006) . Ecol Indicat , 9 : 621 – 651 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Decreto Ministeriale n. 131/2008. Regolamento recante i criteri tecnici per la caratterizzazione dei corpi idrici (tipizzazione, individuazione dei corpi idrici, analisi delle pressioni) per la modifica delle norme tecniche del decreto legislativo 3 aprile 2006, n. 152, recante: “Norme in materia ambientale”, predisposto ai sensi dell'articolo 75, comma 3, del decreto legislativo medesimo. Gazzetta Ufficiale – Suppl Ordinario n. 187 del 11-08-2008
   Google Scholar
• Dell'Uomo , A . 1970 . Contributo alla flora algale del Fiume Potenza (Marche) . Riv Idrobiol , 9 : 201 – 234 .
   Google Scholar
• Dell'Uomo , A . 1986a . Diatoms and other algae from the thermal-sulphur spring of Triponzo (Central Italy) . Arch Hydrobiol/Algological Studies , 42 : 79 – 91 .
   Google Scholar
• Dell'Uomo , A . 1986b . La flora algale del Fiume Aso (Marche-Italia) . Arch Bot Biogeogr Ital , 62 : 67 – 82 .
   Google Scholar
• Dell'Uomo , A . 1992 . Diatomées de quelques tourbières du Nord de l'Italie et leur réponse dans différentes conditions du milieu ambiant . Nova Hedwigia , 54 : 503 – 513 .
   Google Scholar
• Dell'Uomo , A . 1996 . “ Assessment of water quality of an Apennine river as a pilot study for diatom-based monitoring of Italian watercourses ” . In Use of algae for monitoring rivers II , Edited by: Whitton , B A and Rott , E . 65 – 72 . Innsbruck : Institut für Botanik, Universität, Studia Student Ges mbH .
   Google Scholar
• Dell'Uomo , A . 2003 . Les algues des milieux lothiques de l'Italie et leur importance dans l'évaluation de la qualité des cours d'eau . Bocconea , 16 : 367 – 377 .
   Google Scholar
• Dell'Uomo , A . 2004 . “ L'indice diatomico di eutrofizzazione/polluzione (EPI-D) nel monitoraggio delle acque correnti. Linee guida ” . Roma, Firenze : APAT, ARPAT, CTN_AIM .
   Google Scholar
• Dell'Uomo , A and Masi , M A . 1986 . Aspetti ecologici e biogeografici del popolamento a Diatomee del fiume Basento (Basilicata) . Biogeographia: Lavori Soc Ital Biogeogr , 10 : 51 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Dell'Uomo , A and Masi , M A . 1988 . Studio floristico-ecologico delle Diatomee del Lago di Tovel (Nord-Italia) . Riv Idrobiol , 27 : 317 – 348 .
   Google Scholar
• Dell'Uomo , A , Pensieri , A and Corradetti , D . 1999 . Diatomées épilithiques du fleuve Esino (Italie centrale) et leur utilisation pour l'évaluation de la qualité biologique de l'eau . Cryptogamie, Algol , 20 : 253 – 269 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Descy , J P and Coste , M . 1991 . A test of methods for assessing water quality based on diatoms . Verh Internat Verein Limnol , 24 : 2112 – 2116 .
   Google Scholar
• Ector , L , Kingston , J C , Charles , D F , Denys , L , Douglas , M SV Manoylov , K . 2004 . “ Workshop report. Freshwater diatoms and their role as ecological indicators ” . In 17th Internat Diatom Symp 2002, Ottawa, Canada , Edited by: Poulin , M . 469 – 480 . Bristol : Biopress Limited .
   Google Scholar
• Grandoni , P and Dell'Uomo , A . 1996 . Biomonitoraggio dell'alto corso del Fiume Potenza (Marche) mediante impiego di Diatomee . Riv Idrobiol , 35 : 71 – 85 .
   Google Scholar
• Hammer , Ø , Harper , D AT and Ryan , P D . 2007 . “ PAST: PAleontological STatistics software package for education and data analysis ” . Available: http://folk.uio.no/ohammer/past/ Accessed Aug 2007
   Google Scholar
• Håkansson , S . 1993 . Numerical methods for the inference of pH variations in mesotrophic and eutrophic lakes in Southern Sweden – A progress report . Diatom Res , 8 : 349 – 370 .
   Google Scholar
• Hofmann , G . 1994 . Aufwuchs-Diatomeen in Seen und ihre Eignung als Indikatoren der Trophie . Biblioth Diatomol , 30 : 1 – 241 .
   Google Scholar
• Hustedt , F . 1956 . “ Kieselalgen (Diatomeen) ” . Stuttgart : Kosmos-Verlag Franckh .
   Google Scholar
• Kelly , M G and Whitton , B A . 1995 . The Trofic diatom index: A new index for monitoring eutrophication in rivers . J Appl Phycol , 7 : 433 – 444 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolbe , R W . 1927 . “ Zür Ökologigie, Morphologie uns Sistematik der Brackwasser-Diatomeen. Die Kieselalgen des Sperenberger Salzgebiets ” . In Pflanzenforschung Edited by: Kolkwitz , R . Vol. 7 , 1 – 146 .
   Google Scholar
• Krammer , K . 2002 . “ Cymbella ” . In Diatoms of Europe. 3 , Edited by: Lange-Bertalot . Ruggell, Liechtenstein : A R G Gantner Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Krammer , K and Lange-Bertalot , H . 1986–1991 . “ Bacillariophyceae. Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. 2 (1–4) ” . Stuttgart : G. Fischer .
   Google Scholar
• Lange-Bertalot , H . 1979 . Pollution tolerance of diatoms as a criterion for water quality estimation . Nova Hedwigia Beih , 64 : 285 – 305 .
   Google Scholar
• Lange-Bertalot , H . 1995–2004 . “ Iconographia Diatomologica ” . Ruggell, Liechtenstein : A R G Gantner Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Lange-Bertalot , H . 2000–2003 . “ Diatoms of Europe. 1–4 ” . Ruggell, Liechtenstein : A R G Gantner Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Leclercq , L and Maquet , B . 1987 . “ Deux nouveaux indices chimique et diatomique de qualité d'eau courante ” . Bruxelles : Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. Document de travail 38 .
   Google Scholar
• Lecointe , C , Coste , M and Prygiel , J . 1993 . OMNIDIA: Software for taxonomy, calculation of diatom indices and inventories management . Hydrobiologia , 269/270 : 509 – 513 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lenoir , A and Coste , M . 1996 . “ Development of a practical diatom index of overall water quality applicable to the French National Water Board Network ” . In Use of algae for monitoring rivers II , Edited by: Whitton , B A and Rott , E . 29 – 43 . Innsbruck : Institut für Botanik, Universität, Studia Student Ges mbH .
   Google Scholar
• Moretti , G and Bontempi , L . 1948 . Facies estivo-autunnale delle biocenosi reofile del fiume Potenza . Boll Pesca Piscic Idrobiol , 24 : 32 – 49 .
   Google Scholar
• Moretti , G and Micheletti , P A . 1951 . Facies primaverile delle biocenosi reofile del fiume Potenza . Boll Pesca Piscic Idrobiol , 27 : 1 – 43 .
   Google Scholar
• Pipp , E . 2002 . A regional diatom-based trophic state indication system for running water sites in Upper Austria and its overregional applicability . Verh Internat Verein Limnol , 27 : 3378 – 3380 .
   Google Scholar
• Potapova , M and Charles , F . 2003 . Distribution of benthic diatoms in U.S. rivers in relation to conductivity and ionic composition . Freshwater Biol , 48 : 1311 – 1328 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prygiel , J and Coste , M . 2000 . “ Guide méthodologique pour la mise en oeuvre de l'Indice Biologique Diatomées. N FT 90-354 ” . Bordeaux : Agence de l'Eau – Cemagref – Groupement de Bordeaux .
   Google Scholar
• Prygiel , J , Lévêque , L and Iserentant , R . 1996 . Un nouvel indice diatomique pratique pour l'évaluation de la qualité des eaux en réseau de surveillance . Rev Sci Eau , 1 : 97 – 113 .
   Google Scholar
• Prygiel , J , Whitton , B A and Bukowska , J . 1999 . “ Use of algae for monitoring rivers III ” . Douai : Agence de l'Eau Artois-Picardie .
   Google Scholar
• Rimet , F , Cauchie , H M , Hoffmann , L and Ector , L . 2005 . Response of diatom indices to simulated water quality improvements in a river . J Appl Phycol , 17 : 119 – 128 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rott , E , Hofmann , G , Pall , K , Pfister , P and Pipp , E . 1997 . “ Indikationslisten für Aufwuchsalgen in österreichischen Fliessgewässern. Teil 1: Saprobielle Indikation ” . Wien : Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft .
   Google Scholar
• Rott , E , Pipp , E and Pfister , P . 2003 . Diatom methods developed for river quality assessment in Austria and a cross-check against numerical trophic indication methods used in Europe . Arch Hydrobiol/Algological Studies , 110 : 91 – 115 .
   Google Scholar
• Rott , E , Pipp , E , Pfister , P , Van Dam , H , Ortler , K Binder , N . 1999 . “ Indikationslisten für Aufwuchsalgen in österreichischen Fliessgewässern. Teil 2: Trophieindikation ” . Wien : Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft .
   Google Scholar
• Round , F E . 1981 . “ The ecology of algae ” . Cambridge : University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Rumeau , A and Coste , M . 1988 . Initiation à la systématique des diatomées d'eau douce. Pour l'utilisation pratique d'un indice diatomique générique . Bull Fr Pêche Piscic , 309 : 1 – 69 .
   Google Scholar
• Sabater , S and Roca , J R . 1990 . Some factors affecting distribution of diatom assemblages in Pyrenean springs . Freshwater Biol , 24 : 493 – 507 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schiefele , S and Schreiner , C . 1991 . “ Use of diatoms for monitoring nutrient enrichment, acidification and impact of salt in rivers in Germany and Austria ” . In Use of algae for monitoring rivers , Edited by: Whitton , B A , Rott , E and Friedrich , G . 103 – 110 . Innsbruck : Institut für Botanik, Universität, Studia Student Ges mbH .
   Google Scholar
• Scuri , S , Torrisi , M , Cocchioni , M and Dell'Uomo , A . 2006 . The European Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC in the evaluation of the ecological status of watercourses. Case study: The river Chienti (central Apennines, Italy) . Acta Hydrochim Hydrobiol , 34 : 498 – 505 .
   Google Scholar
• Sládeček , V . 1973 . System of water quality from the biological point of view . Arch Hydrobiol, Ergebn Limnol , 7 : 1 – 218 .
   Google Scholar
• Sládeček , V . 1986 . Diatoms as indicators of organic pollution . Acta Hydrochim Hydrobiol , 14 : 555 – 566 .
   Google Scholar
• Soininen , J . 2002 . Responses of epilithic diatom communities to environmental gradients in some Finnish rivers . Internat Rev Hydrobiol , 87 : 11 – 24 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torrisi , M and Dell'Uomo , A . 2001 . Les diatomées benthiques des parties rhithrales et potamales des cours d'eau de l'Apennin central (Italie) et leurs significations écologique . Arch Hydrobiol/Algological Studies , 102 : 35 – 47 .
   Google Scholar
• Torrisi , M and Dell'Uomo , A . 2006 . Biological monitoring of some Apennine rivers (central Italy) using the diatom-based eutrophication/pollution index (EPI-D) compared to other European diatom indices . Diatom Res , 21 : 159 – 174 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torrisi , M and Dell'Uomo , A . 2008 . Diatomee bentoniche del corso superiore di alcuni fiumi centro-appenninici . Studi Trent Sci Nat Acta Biol , 84 : 15 – 20 .
   Google Scholar
• Torrisi , M , Dell'Uomo , A and Ector , L . 2008 . Évaluation de la qualité des rivières des Apennins (Italie) au moyen des indices diatomiques: le fleuve Foglia . Cryptogamie, Algol , 29 : 45 – 61 .
   Google Scholar
• Van Dam , H , Mertens , A and Sinkeldam , J . 1994 . A coded checklist and ecological indicator values of freshwater diatoms from Netherlands . Netherlands J Aquat Ecol , 28 : 117 – 133 .
   Google Scholar
• Whitton , B A and Rott , E . 1996 . “ Use of algae for monitoring rivers II ” . Innsbruck : Institut für Botanik, Universität, Studia Student Ges mbH .
   Google Scholar
• Whitton , B A , Rott , E and Friedrich , G . 1991 . “ Use of algae for monitoring rivers ” . Innsbruck : Institut für Botanik, Universität, Studia Student Ges mbH .
   Google Scholar
• Zelinka , M and Marvan , P . 1961 . Zur Präzisierung der biologischen Klassifikation der reinheit fliessender Gewässer . Arch Hydrobiol , 57 : 389 – 407 .
   Google Scholar
• Ziemann , H . 1982 . “ Indikatoren für den Salzgehalt der Binnengewässer – Halobiensystem ” . In Ausgewhälte Methoden der Gewässeruntersuchung II , Edited by: Breitig , G and Von Tümpling , W . 309 – 313 . Biologische : mikrobiologische und toxikologische Methoden. Jena: G. Fischer .
   Google Scholar