Effect of snowpack management on grassland biodiversity and soil properties at a ski resort in the Mediterranean basin (central Italy)

References

• Aeschimann D, Lauber K, Moser DM, Theurillat JP. 2004. Flora alpina. Vol. 1–3. Bologna: Zanichelli.
   Google Scholar
• Agnelli A, Allegrezza M, Biondi E, Cocco S, Corti G, Pirchio F. 2008. Pedogenesi e paesaggio vegetale: il ruolo dell’esposizione [Pedogenesis and plant landscape: The role of exposure]. Fitosociologia 45(1): 23–28.
   Google Scholar
• Agnelli A, Massaccesi L, De Feudis M, Cocco S, Courchesne F, Corti G. 2016. Holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) rhizosphere affects limestone-derived soil under a multi-centennial forest. Plant Soil 400: 297–314.10.1007/s11104-015-2732-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allegrezza M, Ballelli S, Ciucci V, Mentoni M, Pesaresi S. 2014. The vegetation and the plant landscape of Monte Sassotetto (Sibillini Mountains, Central Apennines). Plant Sociol 51: 59–87.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson TH, Domsch KH. 1990. Application of eco-physiological quotients (qCO2 and qD) on microbial biomasses from soils of different cropping histories. Soil Biol Biochem 22: 251–255.10.1016/0038-0717(90)90094-G
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Argenti G, Ferrari L. 2009. Plant cover evolution and naturalisation of revegetated ski runs in an Apennine ski resort (Italy). iForest Biogeosciences For 2: 178–182.10.3832/ifor0511-002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biondi E, Allegrezza M, Zuccarello V. 2005. Syntaxonomic revision of the Apennine grasslands belonging to Brometalia erecti, and an analysis of their relationships with the xerophilous vegetation of Rosmarinetea officinalis (Italy). Phytocoenologia 35: 129–164.10.1127/0340-269X/2005/0035-0129
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biondi E, Blasi C, Allegrezza M, Anzellotti I, Azzella MM, Carli E, et al. 2014. Plant communities of Italy: The vegetation prodrome. Plant Biosyst 148: 728–814.10.1080/11263504.2014.948527
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonanomi G, Incerti G, Allegrezza M. 2013. Assessing the impact of land abandonment, nitrogen enrichment and fairy-ring fungi on plant diversity of Mediterranean grasslands. Biodivers Conserv 22: 2285–2304.10.1007/s10531-013-0502-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun-Blanquet J. 1928. Pflanzensoziologie: Grundzüge der Vegetationskunde [Plant sociology: Principles of the Vegetation Science]. Biologische Studienbucher 7, 1st ed.Berlin: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Catorci A, Piermarteri K, Tardella FM. 2014. Pedo-climatic and land use preferences of Gentiana lutea subsp lutea in central Italy. Plant Ecol Evol 147: 176–186.10.5091/plecevo
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cernusca A, Angerer H, Newesely C, Tappeiner U. 1989. Ökologische Auswirkungen von Kunstschnee - eine Kausalanalyse der Belastungsfaktoren [Ecological impact of artificial snow - a causal analysis of stress factors]. Verh Ges Ökol 19: 746–757.
   Google Scholar
• Cole DN. 1995. Experimental trampling of vegetation. II. Predictors of resistance and resilience. J Appl Ecol 32: 215–224.10.2307/2404430
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conrad O, Bechtel B, Bock M, Dietrich H, Fischer E, Gerlitz L, et al. 2015. System for automated geoscientific analyses (SAGA) v. 2.1.4. Geosci Model Dev 8: 1991–2007.10.5194/gmd-8-1991-2015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delgado R, Sánchez-Marañón M, Martín-García JM, Aranda V, Serrano-Bernardo F, Rosúa JL. 2007. Impact of ski pistes on soil properties: A case study from a mountainous area in the Mediterranean region. Soil Use Manage 23: 269–277.10.1111/sum.2007.23.issue-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellenberg H, Weber HE, Dull R, Wirth V, Werner W, Paulissen D. 1992. Zeigerwerte von Pflanzen in Mitteleuropa [Pointer values of plants in Central Europe]. Scripta Geobot 18: 1–248.
   Google Scholar
• Guisan A, Weiss SB, Weiss AD. 1999. GLM versus CCA spatial modeling of plant species distribution. Plant Ecol 143: 107–122.10.1023/A:1009841519580
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hannachi N, Cocco S, Fornasier F, Agnelli A, Brecciaroli G, Massaccesi L, et al. 2015. Effects of cultivation on chemical and biochemical properties of dryland soils from southern Tunisia. Agric Ecosyst Environ 199: 249–260.10.1016/j.agee.2014.09.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Jong van Lier. 2011. Artificial production of snow. In: Singh VP, Singh P, Haritashya UK, editors. Encyclopedia of snow, ice and glaciers. Dordrecht: Springer. pp. 61–66.
   Google Scholar
• Jong van Lier Q, Durigon A. 2013. Soil thermal diffusivity estimated from data of soil temperature and single soil component properties. Rev Bras Ciência do Solo 37: 106–112.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kammer PM. 2002. Floristic changes in subalpine grasslands after 22 years of artificial snowing. J Nat Conserv 10: 109–123.10.1078/1617-1381-00012
   Google Scholar
• Kammer P, Hegg O. 1990. Auswirkungen von Kunstschnee auf subalpine Rasenvegetation [Effects of artificial snow Subalpine grass vegetation]. Verh Ges für Ökol 19: 758–767.
   Google Scholar
• Keller T, Pielmeier C, Rixen C, Gadient F, Gustafsson D, Stähli M. 2004. Impact of artificial snow and ski-slope grooming on snowpack properties and soil thermal regime in a sub-alpine ski area. Ann Glaciol 38: 314–318.10.3189/172756404781815310
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Körner C. 2003. Alpine Plant Life: Functional Plant Ecology of High Mountain Ecosystems. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.10.1007/978-3-642-18970-8
   Google Scholar
• Lasanta T, Laguna M, Vicente-Serrano SM. 2007. Do tourism-based ski resorts contribute to the homogeneous development of the Mediterranean mountains? A case study in the Central Spanish Pyrenees. Tourism Manage 28: 1326–1339.10.1016/j.tourman.2007.01.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorite J, Ruiz-Girela M, Castro J. 2007. Patterns of seed germination in Mediterranean mountains: Study on 37 endemic or rare species from Sierra Nevada, SE Spain. Candollea 62: 5–16.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorite J, Molina-Morales M, Cañadas EM, Ballesteros M, Peñas J. 2010. Evaluating a vegetation-recovery plan in Mediterranean alpine ski slopes: A chronosequence-based study in Sierra Nevada (SE Spain). Landsc Urban Plan 97: 92–97.10.1016/j.landurbplan.2010.04.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackiewicz MC. 2012. A new approach to quantifying soil temperature responses to changing air temperature and snow cover. Polar Sci 6: 226–236.10.1016/j.polar.2012.06.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maksimova LN, Chizhov AB, Melamed VG, Medvedev AV, Dubrovin VA, Dunaeva EN. 1977. Otsenka vliyaniya snezhnogo pokrova na temperturnyi rezhim i sezonnoe promerzanie porod (s primeneniem EVM) [Estimation of the snow cover influence on temperature regime and seasonal freezing of grounds (with usage of computer)]. In: Voitkovskii KF, editor. Merzlye porody i snezhnyi pokrov [Frozen rocks and snow cover]. Moscow: Nauka. pp. 127–135.
   Google Scholar
• Moscatelli MC, Di Tizio A, Marinari S, Grego S. 2007. Microbial indicators related to soil carbon in Mediterranean land use systems. Soil Tillage Res 97: 51–59.10.1016/j.still.2007.08.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parry ML, Canziani OF, Palutikof JP, van der Linden PJ, Hanson CE, editors. 2007. Climate Change 2007: Impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Peres-Neto PR, Legendre P, Dray S, Borcard D. 2006. Variation partitioning of species data matrices: Estimation and comparison of fractions. Ecology 87: 2614–2625.10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2614:VPOSDM]2.0.CO;2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pesaresi S, Galdenzi D, Biondi E, Casavecchia S. 2014. Bioclimate of Italy: Application of the worldwide bioclimatic classification system. J Maps 10: 538–553.10.1080/17445647.2014.891472
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pignatti S. 1982. Flora d’Italia. Firenze: Edagricole.
   Google Scholar
• Pignatti S. 1993. Impact of tourism on the mountain landscape of central Italy. Landsc Urban Plan 24: 49–53.10.1016/0169-2046(93)90082-O
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pignatti S, Menegoni P, Pietrosanti S. 2005. Biondicazione attraverso le piante vascolari. Valori di indicazione secondo Ellenberg (Zeigerwerte) per le specie della Flora d’Italia [Bioindication through the vascular plants. Indicator values according Ellenberg (Pointer values)) for the species of the Flora of Italy]. Braun-Blanquetia 39: 1–97.
   Google Scholar
• Raunkiær C. 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ricotta C, Carboni M, Acosta ATR. 2015. Let the concept of indicator species be functional!. J Veg Sci 26: 839–847.10.1111/jvs.2015.26.issue-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rivas-Martínez S, Sáenz SR, Penas A. 2011. Worldwide bioclimatic classification system. Glob Geobot 1: 1–634.
   Google Scholar
• Rixen C, Stoeckli V, Ammann W. 2003. Does artificial snow production affect soil and vegetation of ski pistes? A review. Perspectives Plant Ecol Evol Syst 5: 219–230.10.1078/1433-8319-00036
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rixen C, Haeberli W, Stoeckli V. 2004. Ground temperatures under ski pistes with artificial and natural snow. Arct Antarct Alp Res 36: 419–427.10.1657/1523-0430(2004)036[0419:GTUSPW]2.0.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossi M, Fisogni A, Galloni M. 2016. Biosystematic studies on the mountain plant Gentiana lutea L. reveal variability in reproductive traits among subspecies. Plant Ecol Divers 9: 97–104.10.1080/17550874.2015.1074625
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roux-Fouillet P, Wipf S, Rixen C. 2011. Long-term impacts of ski piste management on alpine vegetation and soils. J Appl Ecol 48: 906–915.10.1111/jpe.2011.48.issue-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoeneberger PJ, Wysoki DA, Benham EC, Broderson WD. 2002. Field book for describing and sampling soils, Version 2.0. Lincoln, NE: Natural Resources Conservation Service, National Soil Survey Center.
   Google Scholar
• Stöckli V, Rixen C. 2000. Characteristics of artificial snow and its effect on vegetation. In: Birkeland K, Adams E, Johnson F, editors. Conference Proceedings of the International Snow Science Workshop. Montana: American Avalanche Association. pp. 468–471.
   Google Scholar
• Sutinen M, Holappa T, Ritari A, Kujala K. 1999. Seasonal changes in soil temperature and snow-cover under different simulated winter conditions: Comparison with frost hardiness of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) roots. Chemosph Glob Chang Sci 1: 485–492.10.1016/S1465-9972(99)00037-9
   Google Scholar
• Wipf S, Rixen C, Fischer M, Schmid B, Stoeckli V. 2005. Effects of ski piste preparation on alpine vegetation. J Appl Ecol 42: 306–316.10.1111/j.1365-2664.2005.01011.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zuur AF, Ieno EN, Elphick CS. 2010. A protocol for data exploration to avoid common statistical problems. Methods Ecol Evol 1: 3–14.10.1111/j.2041-210X.2009.00001.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar