1,926
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

A 20-year analysis of motives and training patterns of Swedish gym-goers

References

  • Andreasson, J., and T. Johansson. 2014. “The Fitness Revolution. Historical Transformations in the Global gym and Fitness Culture.” Sport Science Review XXIII (3–4): 91–112.
  • Bauman, Z. 1991. Modernity and Ambivalence. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Bauman, Z. 2001a. The Individualized Society. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Bauman, Z. 2001b. Community: Seeking Safety in an Insecure World. Cambridge: Polity.
  • Bauman, Z. 2007. Liquid Times. Living in an age of Uncertainty. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Bauman, Z. 2011. Culture in a Liquid Modern World. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Bladh, G. 2020. Moving thresholds. Body narratives within the vicinity of gym and fitness culture” PhD diss., Umea university.
  • Blair, S. N. 1996. “The Future of Sports Medicine.” British Journal of Sports Medicine 30 (1): 2–3.
  • Box, A. G., Y. Frito, C. Brown, K. M. Heimrich, and S. J. Petruzello. 2019. “High Intensity Functional Training (HIFT) and Competitions. How Motives Differ by Length of Participation.” PlosOne 14 (3): e0213812.
  • Braverman, H. 1974. Labor and Monopoly Capital. The Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century. New York: Monthly Review Press.
  • Burke, S. M., A. V. Carron, and M. A. Eys. 2006. “Physical Activity Context: Preferences of University Students.” Psychology of Sport and Exercise 7 (1): 1–13.
  • Cardone, P. 2019. “The gym as Intercultural Meeting Point? Binding Effects and Boundaries in gym Interaction.” European Journal for Sport and Society 16 (2): 111–127.
  • Caudwell, K. M., and D. A. Keatley. 2016. “The Effect of Men’s Body Attitudes and Motivation for gym Attendance.” Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 30 (9): 2550–2556.
  • Choi, P. Y. L. 2003. “Muscle Matters: Maintaining Visible Differences Between Women and men.” Sexualities, Evolution & Gender 5 (2): 71–81.
  • Clark, A. 2017. “Exploring Women’s Embodied Experience of the ‘Gaze’ in a mix-Gendered UK gym.” Societies 8 (2). https://doi.org/10.3390/soc801002
  • Coen, S. E., J. Davidson, and M. W. Rosenberg. 2021. “‘Where is the Space for Continuum?’ Gyms and the Visceral “Stickiness“ of Binary Gender.” Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health 13: : 537–553. doi:10.1080/2159676X.2020.1748897.
  • Coen, S. E., M. W. Rosenberg, and J. Davidson. 2018. ““It's gym, Like g-y-m not J-i-m”: Exploring the Role of Place in the Gendering of Physical Activity.” Social Science & Medicine 196: 29–36.
  • Craike, M. J., C. Symons, and J. M. Zimmermann. 2009. “Why do Young Women Drop out of Sport and Physical Activity? A Social Ecological Approach.” Annals of Leisure Research 12 (2): 148–172.
  • Crossley, N. 2006. “In the gym: Motives, Meaning and Moral Careers.” Body & Society 12 (3): 23–50.
  • Damásio, A., F. Campos, and R. Gomes. 2016. “Importance Given to the Reasons for Sport Participation and to the Characteristics if a Fitness Service.” ARENA – Journal of Physical Activities 5: 46–56.
  • Dogan, C. 2015. “Training at the gym, Training for Life: Creating Better Versions of the Self Through Exercise.” Europe’s Journal of Psychology 11 (3): 442–458.
  • Engström, L.-M., B. Ekblom, A. Forsberg, M. Koch, and J. Seger. 1993. Livstil - Prestation - Hälsa. Stockholm: Folksam.
  • Featherstone, M. 2010. “Body Image and Affect in Consumer Culture.” Body & Society 16 (1): 193–221.
  • Fisher, M. J. R., L. A. Berbary, and K. E. Misener. 2018. “Narratives of Negotiation and Transformation: Women’s Experiences Within a Mixed-Gendered gym.” Leisure Sciences 40 (6): 477–493.
  • Green, K., M. Thurston, and O. Vaage. 2015. “Isn’t it Good, Norwegian Wood? Lifestyle and Adventure Sports Participation among Norwegian Youth.” Leisure Studies 34 (5): 529–546.
  • Goffman, E. 2015. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York: Anchor Books.
  • Halliwell, E., H. Dittmar, and A. Orsborn. 2007. “The Effects of Exposure to Muscular Male Models among men: Exploring the Moderating Role of gym use and Exercise Motivation.” Body Image 4 (3): 278–287.
  • Horton, K., T. Ferrero-Regis, and A. Payne. 2016. “The Hard Work of Leisure: Healthy Life, Activewear and Lorna Jane.” Annals of Leisure Research 19 (2): 180–193.
  • Ingledew, D. K., and D. Markland. 2008. “The Role of Motives in Exercise Participation†.” Psychology & Health 23 (7): 807–828.
  • Johansson, T. 1996. “Gendered Spaces: The gym Culture and the Construction of Gender.” Young 4 (3): 32–47.
  • Johansson, T. 1998. Den skulpterade kroppen. Stockholm: Carlssons.
  • Klein, A. M. 1993. Little Big Men. Bodybuilding Subculture and Gender Construction. New York: State University of New York Press.
  • Lim, W. M., D. Hooi Ting, A. M. Shandy, S. K. Ann Cheach, N. Net-Ti Ooi, and N. Hana Azlan. 2012. “The State of Mind of Contemporary Male gym-Goers: Goals, Inspirations and Motivations.” International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing 11 (3/4): 239–256.
  • Lim, W. M., D. Hooi Ting, K. Ying-Ying Loh, W. Teng Loh, and S. Shaikh. 2013. “Men’s Motivation to go to the Gymnasium: A Study of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation.” Journal of Sport Management and Marketing 13 (1/2): 122–139.
  • Loze, G. L., and D. J. Collins. 1998. “Muscular Development Motives for Exercise Participation: The Missing Variable in Current Questionnaire Analysis?” Journal of Sports Sciences 16 (8): 761–767.
  • Maguire, J., and L. Mansfield. 1998. ““No-Body’s Perfect”: Women, Aerobics, and the Body Beautiful.” Sociology of Sport Journal 15 (2): 109–137.
  • Maltby, L., and L. Day. 2001. “The Relationship Between Exercise Motives and Psychological Weil-Being.” The Journal of Psychology 135 (6): 651–660.
  • Markula, P. 1995. “Firm but Shapely, fit but Sexy, Strong but Thin: The Postmodern Aerobicizing Female Bodies.” Sociology of Sport Journal 12 (4): 424–453.
  • McCabe, M. P., and T. James. 2009. “Strategies to Change Body Shape among men and Women who Attend Fitness Centers.” Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 21 (3): 268–278.
  • Neville, R. D., and C. Gorman. 2016. “Getting ‘in’ and ‘out of Alignment’: Some Insights Into the Cultural Imagery of Fitness from the Perspective of Experienced gym Adherents.” Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health 8 (2): 147–164.
  • Pope, L., and J. Harvey. 2015. “The Impact of Incentives on Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motives for Fitness-Center Attendance in College First-Year Students.” American Journal of Health Promotion 29 (3): 192–199.
  • Rojas, A. S. 2016. “I’m Super-Setting my Life! An Ethnographic Comparative Analysis of the Growth of the gym Market.” Sport Science Review XXV (5–6): 321–344.
  • Sassatelli, R. 1999. “Interaction Order and Beyond: A Field Analysis of Body Culture Within Fitness Gyms.” Body & Society 5 (2–3): 227–248.
  • Sassatelli, R. 2016. “‘You Can all Succeed!’: The Reconciliatory Logic of Therapeutic Active Leisure*.” European Journal for Sport and Society 13 (3): 230–245.
  • Sibley, B. A., and S. M. Bergman. 2018. “What Keeps Athletes in the gym? Goals, Psychological Needs, and Motivation of CrossFit™ Participants.” International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 16 (5): 555–574.
  • Söderström, T. 1999. Gymkulturens logik. Om samverkan mellan kropp, gym och samhälle” PhD diss., Umeå universitet, pedagogiska institutionen.
  • Statistiska centralbyrån (Statistics Sweden). 2020. Statistikdatabasen, näringsverksamhet. www.scb.se. Retrieved 20201230.
  • Stewart, B., A. Smith, and B. Moroney. 2013. “Capital Building Through gym Work.” Leisure Studies 32 (5): 542–560.
  • Storm, R. K., and O. R. Hansen. 2021. “Commercial Fitness Centres in Denmark: A Study on Development, Determinants of Provision and Substitution Effects.” Annals of Leisure Research, doi:10.1080/11745398.2019.1692684.
  • The Swedish Sport Confederateiodn (Riksidrottsförbundet). 2003. Svenska folkets tävlings- och motionsvanor. www.rf.se.
  • The Swedish Sport Confederation (Riksidrottsförbundet). 2011. Svenska folkets idrotts- och motionsvanor. www.rf.se.
  • Thomson, D., and K. McAdoo. 2016. “An Exploration Into the Development of Motivation to Exercise in a Group of Male UK Regular gym Users.” International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 14 (4): 414–429.
  • Turner, B. S. 1996. The Body & Society. London: Sage Publications.
  • Urbonavicius, S., A. Janonyte, and S. Amirebayeva Reardon. 2019. “The Influence of Body Objectification and Health Locus Control on Using gym Services by Women.” Journal of Business, Marketing and Decision 12 (1): 13–30.
  • World Health Organization. 2012. Governance for Health in the 21st Century.
  • Wright, J., G. O’Flynn, and D. Macdonald. 2006. “Being Fit and Looking Healthy: Young Women’s and Men’s Constructions of Health and Fitness.” Sex Roles 54 (9–10): 707–716.
  • Zach, S., and T. Adiv. 2016. “Strength Training in Males and Females – Motives, Training Habits, Knowledge, and Stereotypic Perceptions.” Sex Roles 74 (7–8): 323–334.