566
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Opportunities and Challenges to Gender Quotas in Local Politics: The Case of Municipal Council Elections in South Korea

References

  • Baldez, L. (2004). Elected bodies: gender quota laws for legislative candidates in Mexico. Legislative Studies Quarterly, 29(2), 231–258. doi:10.3162/036298004X201168 doi: 10.3162/036298004X201168
  • Bhavnani, R. R. (2009). Do electoral quotas work after they are withdrawn? Evidence from a natural experiment in India. American Political Science Review, 103(1), 23–35. doi:10.1017/S0003055409090029 doi: 10.1017/S0003055409090029
  • Bird, K., & Jackson, S. (2015, June). The gender gap in local politics: Assessing the role of gender in a non-partisan electoral context. Paper presented in ECPG Conference, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden.
  • Bjarnegård, E., & Zetterberg, P. (2011). Removing quotas, maintaining representation: Overcoming gender inequalities in political party recruitment. Representation, 47(2), 187–99. doi:10.1080/00344893.2011.581077 doi: 10.1080/00344893.2011.581077
  • Celis, K., Krook, M. L., & Meier, P. (2011). The rise of gender quota laws: Expanding the spectrum of determinants for electoral reform. West European Politics, 34, 514–530. doi:10.1080/01402382.2011.555981 doi: 10.1080/01402382.2011.555981
  • Cho, H. O., & Kim, E. H. (2010). Hanguk yŏsŏngjŏngchihaltangje chedohwa kwajŏng 10nyŏnŭi yŏksajŏk kochal [10 years of gender quotas in South Korea]. Tonghyanggwa Chŏnmang [Current Trends and Prospects], 79, 110–139.
  • Chathukulam, J., & John, M. S. (2000). Empowerment of women Panchayat members: Learning from Kerala (India). Asian Journal of Women’s Studies, 6(4), 66–101. doi:10.1080/12259276.2000.11665894 doi: 10.1080/12259276.2000.11665894
  • Dahlerup, D., & Freidenvall, L. (2005). Quotas as a fast-track to equal representation for women. International Feminist Journal of Politics, 7, 26–48. doi:10.1080/1461674042000324673 doi: 10.1080/1461674042000324673
  • Dahlerup, D., & Leyenaar, M. (2013). Breaking male dominance in old democracies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Franceschet, S., Krook, M. L., & Piscopo, J. R. (2012). The impact of gender quotas. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Global Democracy Ranking. (2015). Democracy ranking 2015. Retrieved June 16, 2017, from http://democracyranking.org/wordpress/2015-full-dataset-2/.
  • Ha, S. (2013, October 7). Chŏngdanggongchŏnje pyeji nonŭirŭl nŏmŏ kŭnbonjŏk pyŏnhwarŭl kkumkkuja [Fundamental reforms beyond the abolishment of party nomination]. Pŭreshian [Pressian]. Retrieved from http://pressian.com/m/m_article.html?no=108391.
  • Holli, A. M., Luhtakallio, E., & Raevaara, E. (2006). Quota trouble: Talking about gender quotas in Finnish local politics. International Feminist Journal of Politics, 8(2), 169–193. doi:10.1080/14616740600612822 doi: 10.1080/14616740600612822
  • Huang, C. (2016). Reserved for whom? The electoral impact of gender quotas in Taiwan. Pacific Affairs, 89(2), 325–343. doi:10.5509/2016892325 doi: 10.5509/2016892325
  • Hwang, A. R., & Seo, B. (2011). Yŏsŏngŭi chŏngchijŏk taepyosŏnggwa sŏngŏjedo hyogwa: Chibangŭiwŏn sŏngŏrŭl chungshimŭro [Women’s political representation and the effects of electoral system: With a focus on local councils]. Sŏngŏyŏngu [Election Studies], 1(1), 99–128.
  • Ka, S. (2009). Chibangsŏngŏesŏ chŏngdanggongchŏnje: Saeroun pyŏnhwarŭl wihan olbarŭn sŏntaek [Party nomination system in local elections: An upright choice for new changes]. OUGHTOPIA: The Journal of Social Paradigm Studies, 207–232.
  • Kang, M. J., & Yun, S. (2007). Sŏngŏgu hoekchŏnggwa sŏngŏgyŏlgwaŭi waegok: 2006nyŏn chibangsŏngŏrŭl chungshimŭro [Demarcation of electoral districts and distortion of election results: Focusing on the local election in 2006]. Hangukchŏngdanghakoebo [Party Studies Korea], 6(2), 5–28.
  • Kasturi, L. (1998). Greater political representation for women: The case of India. Asian Journal of Women’s Studies, 4(4), 9–38. doi:10.1080/12259276.1998.11665832
  • Kenny, M. & Verge, T. (2012). Decentralization, political parties, and women’s representation: Evidence from Spain and Britain. Publius: The Journal of Federalism, 43(1), 109–128. doi: 10.1093/publius/pjs023
  • Kim, E. J. (2013). Kichojibangŭihoesŏngŏ yŏsŏngdaepyosŏng hwaktaerŭl wihan taean pigyo [Alternative plans to improving women’s representation in local councils]. Chendŏribyu [Gender Review], 30, 4–13.
  • Kim, H. H., & Oh, Y. (2010). Yŏsŏngjŏngchihaltang 10nyŏnŭi sŏnggwawa hangye [The gender quota system in Korean politics: Ten years of success and limits]. Tonghyanggwa Chŏnmang [Current Trends and Prospects], 79, 140–182.
  • Kim, W. H., Kim, H. Y., Kim, M. J., & Uhm, T. S. (2006). Chibangjŏngbu yŏsŏngjŏngchaegŭi hwalsŏnghwarŭl wihan chibangŭihoe yŏsŏngŭiwŏn yŏkalganghwa pangane kwanhan yŏngu [Research on the ways to strengthen female council members’ role in order to promote women’s policies in local governments]. Seoul, Korea: Korean Women’s Development Institute.
  • Kim, W. H. (2013). Kichoŭihoe sŏngŏgongchŏnbyŏnhwaga yŏsŏngdaepyosŏnge michinŭn yŏnghyang [The impact of candidate nomination on women’s representation in local councils]. Chendŏribyu [Gender Review], 30, 14–20.
  • Krook, M. L. (2009). Quotas for women in politics: Gender and candidate selection reform worldwide. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Krook, M. L. (2015). Contesting gender quotas: A typology of resistance. Politics, Groups, and Identities, 4(2), 268–283. doi:10.1080/21565503.2016.1151797
  • Lee, D. Y. (2010). Chibangsŏngŏwa chŏngdanggongchŏnje nonjaeng: pusanjiyŏk kichojaryorŭl chungshimŭro [Debates of local election and party nomination system: With focus on primary data of Busan metropolitan city]. Hyŏndaejŏngchiyŏngu [Contemporary Politics], 3(1), 71–108.
  • Lee, J. O., Kim, M., Moon, K., & Oh, Y. (2014). Yŏsŏngdaepyosŏng kanghwarŭl wihan chibangsŏngŏ monitŏring: 6.4 chibangsŏngŏ yŏsŏnghuboja sŏngŏundong kyŏnghŏme taehan yŏngu [A study of women candidate participants in the 6.4. local elections]. Seoul, Korea: National Human Rights Commission of Korea.
  • Lee, T. (2014, April 10). Saejŏngchiyŏnhap, chibangsŏngŏ kicho kongchŏn uji kiho 2pŏn puhwal [The coalition decides to maintain party nomination the upcoming election]. Yŏnhamnyusŭ [Yonhap News]. Retrieved from http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/politics/assembly/632109.html.
  • Lee-Yoo, J. (2014, April 8). Kicho mugongchŏn naeil kyŏllon chibangsŏngŏ chungdae punsuryŏng [Abolishing party nomination issue to be decided tomorrow]. Hangyŏreshinmun [The Hankyoreh]. Retrieved from http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/economy/finance/631862.html.
  • Matland, R. E., & Studlar, D. T. (1996). The contagion of women candidates in single-member districts and proportional representation electoral systems: Canada and Norway. Journal of Politics, 58(3), 707–733. doi:10.2307/2960439
  • Matland, R. E. (2005). Enhancing women’s political participation: Legislative recruitment and electoral systems. In J. Ballington & K. Azza (Eds.), Women in Parliament: Beyond Numbers. Stockholm, Sweden: IDEA.
  • Murray, R., Krook, M. L., & Opello, K. A. R. (2012). Why are gender quotas adopted? Party pragmatism and parity in France. Political Research Quarterly, 65(3), 529–543. doi:10.1177/1065912911414590
  • O’Brien, D., & Rickne, J. (2016). Gender quotas and women’s political leadership. American Political Science Review, 110(1), 112–126. doi:10.1017/S0003055415000611
  • Park, J. U. (2006). Chibangsŏngŏesŏŭi chŏngdanggongchŏnjewa kyŏngsŏnje: 5.31 chibangsŏngŏrŭl chungshimŭro [Party candidate selection and primary election in local elections: A case study on the Korean local election of 2006]. Kukchejŏngchiyŏngu [The Journal of International Relations], 9(1), 336–359.
  • Park, S. (2014, May 18). Saenuridang ulsan pukku yŏsŏnghubo 0myŏng [The Senuri appoints zero women in the Ulsan north district]. Omainyusŭ [OhMyNews]. Retrieved from http://ojs7.ohmynews.com/NWS_Web/Mobile/at_pg.aspx?CNTN_CD=A0001992789#cb.
  • Sharma, K. (2000). Power and representation: Reservation for women in India. Asian Journal of Women’s Studies, 6(1), 47–87. doi:10.1080/12259276.2000.11665870
  • Shin, K., & Yoon, J. (2013, October). Electoral systems, gender quotas and political representation of women in Korea: The national and the subnational gap. Paper presented at Political Representation of Women in Asia Workshop, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
  • Shin, K. (2016). Women’s mobilizations for political representation in patriarchal states: Two models from Japan and South Korea. In M. Nianello & M. Hawkesworth (Eds.), Gender and Power: Towards Equality and Democratic Governance. London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Song, K. W. (2008). Hanguk chibangsŏngŏ chŏngdanggongchŏnjeŭi hangyewa kwaje [Limitation of the candidate nomination system of political parties at local elections in Korea and future directions]. Tongbugayŏngu [The Journal of Northeast Asian Studies], 23(2), 119–37.
  • Statistics Korea. (2016). Fiscal Autonomy of Local Governments. Retrieved June 20, 2017, from http://www.index.go.kr/potal/main/EachDtlPageDetail.do?idx_cd=2458.
  • Tan, N. (2016). Are Gender Quotas Helping Female Politicians in Asia? Retrieved from http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2016/06/24/are-gender-quotas-helping-female-politicians-in-asia/.
  • Uhm, S. A. (2014, May 29). Yŏya, yŏsŏnggongchŏn chiyŏk hontak sŏngŏedo twitchimman [Parties passive at addressing the lack of women’s nomination in localities]. Yŏsŏngshinmun [The Woman Times]. Retrieved July 4, 2017, from http://www.womennews.co.kr/news/view.asp?num=71957.
  • Verge, T. (2010). Gendering representation in Spain: Opportunities and limits of gender quotas. Journal of Women, Politics & Policy, 31, 166–190. doi:10.1080/15544771003697247
  • World Bank. (2017). GDP Ranking. Retrieved June 16, 2017, from http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/GDP-ranking-table.
  • World Economic Forum. (2015). The Global Gender Gap Report 2015. Retrieved June 16, 2017, from http://www3.weforum.org/docs/GGGR2015/cover.pdf.
  • Yoon, J. & Shin, K. (2015). Mixed success of legislative quotas in South Korea. Politics & Gender, 11(1), 186–195. doi:10.1017/S1743923X14000658
  • Zetterberg, P. (2013). The dynamic relationship between gender quotas and political institutions. Politics & Gender, 9(3), 316–321. doi:10.1017/S1743923X13000196

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.