REFERENCES
- Agarwal , S. B. C. and Biswas , A. K. 1989 . Environmental Impact Analysis for Developing Countries . Environmental Conservation , 16 ( 1 ) : 66 – 69 .
- Ahmed , S. A. 1987 . Perceptions of Socio-economic and Cultural Impact of Tourism in Sri-Lanca: A Research Study . Marga Quarterly Journal , 8 ( 4 ) : 34 – 63 .
- Akauola , L. , Ilaiu , L. and Samate , A. 1980 . “ The Social and Cultural Impact of Tourism in Tonga. ” . In Pacific Tourism as Islanders See it Edited by: Crocombe , R. and Rajotte , F. 17 – 23 . Suva, Institute of Pacific Studies, USP .
- Andriotis , K. 2000 . Local Community Perceptions of Tourism as a Development Tool: The Island of Crete. Bournemouth : Bournemouth University . PhD thesis
- Andriotis , K. 2001a . Tourism Planning and Development in Crete. Recent Tourism Policies and their Efficacy . Journal of Sustainable Tourism , 9 ( 4 ) : 298 – 316 .
- Andriotis , K. 2001b . Strategies on Resort Areas and their Lifecycle Stages . Tourism Review , 56 ( 1/2 ) : 40 – 43 .
- Andriotis , K. 2002 . Scale of Hospitality Firms and Local Economic Development. Evidence from Crete . Tourism Management , 23 ( 4 ) : 333 – 341 .
- Archer , B. H. and Cooper , C. 1998 . “ The Positive and Negative Impacts of Tourism. ” . In Global Tourism: The Next Decade, , Second edition Edited by: Theobald , W. 73 – 91 . Oxford : Butter-worth-Heinemann .
- Auty , R. M. 1995 . Patterns of Development: Resources, Policy and Economic Growth. London : Edward Arnold .
- Bond , M. E. and Ladman , J. R. 1980 . “ International Tourism: An Instrument for Third World Development. ” . In Dialectics of Third World Development Edited by: Vogeler , I. and de Souza , A. R. 231 – 240 . New Jersey : Rowman and Allanheld .
- Britton , S. G. 1982 . The Political Economy of Tourism in the Third World . Annals of Tourism Research , 9 ( 2 ) : 331 – 358 .
- Britton , S. G. 1989 . “ Tourism, Dependency and Development: A Model of Analysis. ” . In Towards Appropriate Tourism: The Case of Developing Countries Edited by: Singh , T. V. , Theuns , H. L. and Go , F. M. 93 – 116 . Frankfurt : Peter Lang .
- Brohman , J. 1996 . New Directions in Tourism for Third World Development . Annals of Tourism Research , 23 ( 1 ) : 48 – 70 .
- Brown , G. 1985 . “ The Tourism Industry in Australia. ” . In Tourist Developments in Australia Edited by: Dean , J. and Judd , B. 8 – 11 . Canberra : Royal Australian Institute of Architects Education's Division .
- Brown , F. 1998 . Tourism Reassessed: Blight or Blessing. Oxford : Butterworth-Heinemann .
- Butler , R. W. 1990 . Alternative Tourism: Pious Hope or Trojan Horse? . Journal of Travel Research , 28 ( 3 ) : 40 – 45 .
- Choy , D. J.L. 1992 . Lifecycle Models for Pacific Island Destinations . Journal of Travel Research , 30 ( 3 ) : 26 – 31 .
- Cleverdon , R. 1979 . The Economic and Social Impact of International Tourism on Developing Countries. London : Economist Intelligence Unit . Special Report No. 60
- Coccossis , H. 1996 . “ Tourism and Sustainability: Perspectives and Implications. ” . In Sustainable Tourism? European Experiences Edited by: Priestley , G. K. , Edwards , J. A. and Coccossis , H. 1 – 21 . Oxon : CAB .
- Coccossis , H. and Parpairis , A. 1996 . “ Tourism and Carrying Capacity in Coastal Areas: Mykonos, Greece. ” . In Sustainable Tourism? European Experiences Edited by: Priestley , G. K. , Edwards , J. A. and Coccossis , H. 153 – 175 . Oxon : CAB .
- Cukor , G. 1974 . Strategies of Industrialisation in the Developing Countries. London : Hurst and Co .
- Culpan , R. 1987 . International Tourism. Model for Developing Countries . Annals of Tourism Research , 14 ( 3 ) : 541 – 552 .
- Doggart , C. and Doggart , N. 1996 . Environmental Impacts of Tourism in Developing Countries . Travel and Tourism Analyst , 2 : 71 – 86 .
- Douglas , N. 1997 . Applying the Lifecycle Model to Melanesia . Annals of Tourism Research , 24 ( 1 ) : 1 – 22 .
- EC . 1993 . Taking Account of Environment in Tourism Development. Study prepared by ECONSTAT EC DG XXIII Brussels : European Commission .
- Erisman , M. 1983 . Tourism and Cultural Dependency in the West Indies . Annals of Tourism Research , 10 ( 3 ) : 337 – 362 .
- Faulkner , B. 1998 . “ Tourism Development Options in Indonesia and the Case of Agro-tourism in Central Java. ” . In Embracing and Managing Change in Tourism: International Case Studies Edited by: Laws , E. , Faulkner , B. and Moscardo , G. 202 – 221 . London : Routledge .
- Foster , D. M. and Murphy , P. 1991 . Resort Cycle Revisited. The Retirement Connection . Annals of Tourism Research , 18 ( 4 ) : 553 – 567 .
- Freitag , T. G. 1994 . Enclave Tourism Development: For whom the Benefits Roll? . Annals of Tourism Research , 21 ( 3 ) : 538 – 554 .
- Godfrey , K. B. 1993 . Tourism and Sustainable Development: Towards a Sustainable Framework. Oxford : Oxford Brookes University . PhD thesis
- Goonatilake , S. 1978 . Tourism in Sri Lanka: the Mapping of International Inequalities and their Internal Structural Effects. Working Paper No. 19 Montreal : McGill University .
- Hall , C. M. 1994 . Tourism and Politics: Policy, Power and Place. Chichester : Wiley .
- Hunt , D. 1989 . Economic Theories of Development: An Analysis of Competing Theories. Hertfordshire : Harvester Wheatsheaf .
- Hunter , C. and Green , H. 1995 . Tourism and the Environment: A Sustainable Relationship? London : Routledge .
- Inskeep , E. 1987 . Environmental Planning for Tourism . Annals of Tourism Research , 14 ( 1 ) : 118 – 135 .
- Ioannides , D. 1992 . Tourism Development Agents: The Cypriot Resort Cycle . Annals of Tourism Research , 19 ( 4 ) : 711 – 731 .
- Ioannides , D. 1995 . Planning for International Tourism in Less-developed Countries Towards Sustainability? . Journal of Planning Literature , 9 ( 3 ) : 235 – 259 .
- Jenkins , C. L. 1982 . The Effects of Scale in Tourism Projects in Developing Countries . Annals of Tourism Research , 9 ( 2 ) : 229 – 249 .
- Kavallinis , I. and Pizam , A. 1994 . The Environmental Impacts of Tourism—Whole Responsibility is it Anyway? The Case of Mykonos . Journal of Travel Research , 33 ( 2 ) : 26 – 32 .
- Keller , P. 1987 . Stages of Peripheral Tourism Development—Canada's Northwest Territories . Tourism Management , 8 ( 1 ) : 20 – 32 .
- Khan , M. M. 1997 . Tourism Development and Dependency Theory: Mass Tourism vs. Ecotourism . Annals of Tourism Research , 24 ( 4 ) : 988 – 991 .
- Kontogeorgopoulos , N. 1998 . Accommodation Employment Patterns and Opportunities . Annals of Tourism Research , 25 ( 2 ) : 314 – 339 .
- Krippendorf , J. 1982 . Towards New Tourism Policies: The Importance of Environmental and Socio-cultural Factors . Tourism Management , 3 ( 3 ) : 135 – 148 .
- Lane , B. 1989 . “ Will Rural Tourism Succeed? ” . In The Role of Tourism in the Urban and Regional Economy Edited by: Hardy , S. , Hardy , T. and Shaw , T. 34 – 39 . London : Regional Studies Association .
- Lane , B. 1993 . “ Sustainable Rural Tourism Strategies: A Tool for Development and Conservation. ” . In Rural Tourism and Sustainable Tourism Development Edited by: Bramwell , B. and Lane , B. 102 – 111 . Clevedon : Channel view .
- Lea , J. 1988 . Tourism and Development in the Third World. London : Routledge .
- Lever , A. 1987 . Spanish Tourism Migrants. The Case of Lloret de Mar . Annals of Tourism Research , 14 ( 4 ) : 449 – 470 .
- Lickorish , L. 1991 . Developing Tourism Destinations: Policies and Perspectives. London : Longman .
- Long , V. H. and Wall , G. 1995 . “ Small-scale Tourism Development in Bali. ” . In Island Tourism: Management Principles and Practice Edited by: Conlin , M. V. and Baum , T. 237 – 257 . Chichester : Wiley .
- Martin , B. S. and Uysal , M. 1990 . An Examination of the Relationship between Carrying Capacity and the Tourism Lifecycle: Management and Policy Implications . Journal of Environmental Management , 31 : 327 – 333 .
- McCann , B. 1983 . The Economic Impact of Tourism. In Pacific Area Travel Association (Ed.). Workshop on Measuring the Impacts of Tourism. Hong Kong : Pacific Area Travel Association .
- Milne , S. 1997 . “ Tourism, Dependency and South Pacific Micro-states: Beyond the Vicious Cycle? ” . In Island Tourism: Trends and Prospects Edited by: Lockhart , D. G. and Drakakis-Smith , D. 281 – 301 . London : Pinter .
- Morrell , J. 1985 . Employment in Tourism. London : British Tourist Authority .
- Mydral , G. 1957 . Economic Theory and Underdeveloped Regions. London : Methuen .
- Papadaki-Tzedaki , S. 1997 . Endogenous Tourist Development in Rethymno: Development or Underdevelopment. Rethymno : University of Rethymno, [in Greek] . Unpublished PhD thesis
- Pearce , D. G. 1989 . Tourist Development., , Second Edition NY : Longman .
- Pearce , D. G. 1992 . “ Alternative Tourism: Concepts, Classifications, and Questions. ” . In Tourism Alternatives: Potentials and Problems in the Development of Tourism. Edited by: Smith , V. L. and Eadingtom , W. R. Philadelphia : University of Philadelphia Press and International Academy for the Study of Tourism .
- Poon , A. 1993 . Tourism, Technology and Competitive Strategies. Wallinngford : CAB .
- Potter , R. B. , Binns , T. , Elliott , J. A. and Smith , D. 1999 . Geographies of Development. Essex : Longman .
- Rodenburg , E. E. 1980 . The Effects of Scale in Economic Development: Tourism in Bali . Annals of Tourism Research , 7 : 177 – 196 .
- Romeril , M. 1985 . Tourism and the Environment: Towards a Symbiotic Relationship . International Journal of Environmental Studies , 25 ( 4 ) : 215 – 218 .
- Singh , B. P. 1984 . The Impact of Tourism on the Balance of Payments. Athens : Centre of Planning and Economic Research .
- Squire , S. J. 1996 . Literary Tourism and Sustainable Tourism: Promoting ‘Anne of Green Gables’ in Prince Edward Island . Journal of Sustainable Tourism , 4 ( 3 ) : 119 – 134 .
- Thirwall , A. P. 1972 . Growth and Development with Special Reference to Developing Economies. London : Macmillan .
- UNESCO . 1976 . The Effects of Tourism on Socio-cultural Values . Annals of Tourism Research , 4 : 74 – 105 .
- Urry , J. 1990 . The Tourist Gaze. Leisure and Travel in Contemporary Societies. London : Sage .
- Van Houts , D. 1983 . Female Participation in Tourism Employment in Tunisia: Some Economic and Non-economic Costs and Benefits. Tourist Review , 38 ( 1 ) : 25 – 30 .
- Vanhove , N. 1997 . “ Mass Tourism: Benefits and Costs. ” . In Tourism Development and Growth—The Challenge of Sustainability Edited by: Wahab , S. and Pigram , J. J. 50 – 77 . London : Routledge .
- Vaughan , D. R. , Andriotis , K. and Wilkes , K. 2000 . “ The Tourism Workforce in Crete. The Seventh ATLAS International Conference on ” . In North-South: Contrasts and Connections in Global Tourism. 18 – 21 . Savonlinna, , Finland : University of Joensuu . June
- Vaughan , D. R. and Wilkes , K. 1986 . Tourism in Cumbria: A study of the Economic Impact, the Tourism Related Labour Market, and the Opinions of Tourist Related Businessmen on the Future Development of Tourism in Cumbria. London : British Tourist Authority/English Tourist Board Research Services .
- Weaver , D. B. 1991 . Alternative to Mass Tourism in Dominica . Annals of Tourism Research , 18 ( 2 ) : 414 – 432 .
- Weaver , D. B. 1993 . Ecotourism in the Small Island Caribbean . GeoJournal , 31 ( 4 ) : 458
- Weaver , D. B. 1995 . Alternative Tourism in Montserrat . Tourism Management , 16 ( 8 ) : 593 – 604 .
- Wheeller , B. 1991 . Tourism's Troubled Times: Responsible Tourism is not the Answer . Tourism Management , 12 ( 1 ) : 91 – 96 .
- Wilkinson , P. F. 1987 . Tourism in Small Island Nations: A Fragile Dependency . Leisure Studies , 6 ( 2 ) : 127 – 146 .
- Wilkinson , P. F. 1997 . “ Jamaican Tourism: From Dependency Theory to a World-economy Approach ” . In Island Tourism: Trends and Prospects Edited by: Lockhart , D. G. and Drakakis-Smith , D. 182 – 204 . London : Pinter .
- Williams , A. M. and Shaw , G. 1991 . Tourism and Economic Development: Western European Experiences., , Second Edition London : Belhaven Press .
- WTO . 2001 . Tourism Highlights 2001. Madrid : World Tourism Organisation .
- Young , G. 1973 . Tourism: Blessing or Blight? Harmondsworth : Penguin .