Tertiary students’ motivation for leisure travel: implications for domestic tourism

References

• Adam, I. (2014). Gendered perspectives of leisure patterns and constraints of university students in Ghana. Leisure/Loisir, 38(2), 181–198. https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2014.985475
   Google Scholar
• Adam, I., Hiamey, S. E., & Afenyo, E. A. (2015). Leisure constraints in the university setting in Ghana. Annals of Leisure Research, 18(1), 145–158. https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2014.979844
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adam, I., Kumi-Kyereme, A., & Boakye, K. A. (2017). Leisure motivation of people with physical and visual disabilities in Ghana. Leisure Studies, 36(3), 315–328. https://doi.org/10.1080/02614367.2016.1182203
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alghamdi, A. (2007). Explicit and implicit motivation towards outbound tourism: A study ofSaudi tourists (Doctoral dissertation). The University of Glasgow.
   Google Scholar
• Alreshaidan, F. (2016). An analysis of Saudis international pleasure and leisure travel behavior. Thesis submitted to the Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester. Retrieved May 10, 2017, from http://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses/9241/on
   Google Scholar
• Beard, J., & Ragheb, M. G. (1983). Measuring leisure motivation. Journal of Leisure Research, 15(3), 219–228. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1983.11969557
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carr, N. (1999). A study of gender differences: Young tourist behavior in a UK coastal resort. Tourism Management, 20(2), 223–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(98)00087-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiang, C.-Y., & Jogaratnam, G. (2005). Why do women travel solo for purpose ofleisure? Journal of Vacation Marketing, 12(1), 56–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766706059041
   Google Scholar
• Crompton, J. (1979). Motivation for pleasure vacations. Journal of Tourism Research, 6(4), 408–429. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(79)90004-5
   Google Scholar
• Dann, G. M. S. (2005). The theoretical state of the art in the sociology and anthropology of tourism. Tourism Analysis, 10(1), 13–25. https://doi.org/10.3727/1083542054547903
   Google Scholar
• Federation of International Youth Travel Organizations. (2003). NTOs meet the young travel industry at ITB. Retrieved http://www.fiyto.org on April 13, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Filep, S., & Greenacre, L. (2007). Evaluating and extending the travel career patterns model. Tourism, 55(1), 23–38
   Google Scholar
• Frew, E. A., & Shaw, R. N. (1999). The relationship between personality, gender, andtourism behavior. Tourism Management, 20(2), 193–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(98)00081-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freysinger, V. J. (1995). The dialectics of leisure and development for women and men in mid-life: An interpretive study. Journal of Leisure Research, 27(1), 61–70. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1995.11969977
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghana Tourism Authority. (2016). Summary of accommodation plant 2016. GTA.1
   Google Scholar
• Ghana Tourism Authority (2019). Summary of accommodation plant . Accra, Ghana: GTA.
   Google Scholar
• Hanafiah, M. H., Othman, Z., Zulkifly, M. L., Ismail, H., & Jamaluddin, M. R. (2010). Malaysian tourists’ motivation towards outbound tourism. Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Culinary Arts, 2(1), 47–55.
   Google Scholar
• Heung, C. S., & Leong, S. L. (2006). Travel demand and behavior of university students in hong kong. Asian Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 11(1), 81–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941660500500766
   Google Scholar
• Hudman, E. L. (1990). Student international travel. Tourism Recreation Research, 15(2), 41–45. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.1990.11014583
   Google Scholar
• Jackson, E. L. (2000). Will research on leisure constraints still be relevant in the twenty-firstCentury? Journal of Leisure Research, 32(1), 62–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2000.11949887
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Josiam, B., Smeaton, G., & Clements, C. (1999). Travel motivation and destination selection. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 5(2), 167–175. https://doi.org/10.1177/135676679900500205
   Google Scholar
• Kesgin, M., Bakir, A., & Wickens, E. (2012). Being away or being there? British tourists’ motivations holidaying in Alanya, Turkey. In R. Sharpley & P. Stone (Eds.), Contemporary tourist experience: Concepts and consequences (pp. 111–129). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Kesgin, M. (2013). Being away or being there: British holidaymakers’ motivations and experiences visiting Alanya, Turkey. Master thesis submitted to Coventry University. Retrieved August 23, 2017, from http://collections.crest.ac.uk/9605/1/Mohammet%20Kesign%20thesis.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Kim, K. (2008). Analysis of structural equation model for the student pleasure travel market: Motivation,involvement, satisfaction, and destination loyalty. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 24(4), 297–313. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548400802156802
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, K., & Beck, J. A. (2009). Exploring leisure trip behaviors of university women students: An investigation of push and pull motivational models. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 18(4), 386–405. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368620902799593
   Google Scholar
• Kim, K., Jogaratnam, G., & Noh, J. (2006). Travel decisions of students at a US university: Segmenting the international market. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 12(4), 345–357. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766706067606
   Google Scholar
• Kim, K.-Y., & Jogaratnam, G. (2003). Travel motivations. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 13(4), 61–82. https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v13n04_04
   Google Scholar
• Kozak, M. (2001). Repeaters’ behaviour at two distinct destinations. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(3), 784–807. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(00)00078-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma, A., Chow, A., Cheung, L., Lee, K., & Liu, S. (2018). Impacts of tourists’ socio-demographic characteristics on the travel motivation and satisfaction: The case of protected areas in South China. Sustainability, 10(10), 3388. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103388
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattila, A. S., Apostolopoulos, Y., Sonmez, S., Yu, L., & Sasidharan, V. (2001). The impact of gender and religion on college students’ spring break behaviour. Journal of Travel Research, 40(2), 193–200. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728750104000210
   Google Scholar
• Mayo, E. J., & Jarvis, P. L. (1981). The psychology of leisure travel. CBI.
   Google Scholar
• McGehee, N. G., Loker-Murphy, L., & Uysal, M. (1996). The Australian international pleasure travel market: Motivations from a gendered perspective. Journal of Tourism Studies, 7(1), 45–57.
   Google Scholar
• Meades, S. (2016). Women are far more likely to travel alone than men and sex is LAST thing on their mind. Express, May 2. http://www.express.co.uk/travel/articles/666362/women-travel-along-more-men
   Google Scholar
• Moshin, A., & Ryan, C. (2003). Backpackers in the Northern Territory of Australia-Motives, behaviour and satisfactions. International Journal of Tourism Research, 5, 113–131
   Google Scholar
• Nafi, S. M., & Ahmed, T. (2018). Travel and leisure activities, motivation and behaviour of young Bangladeshi tourists. European Scientific Journal, 14(5), 341–358. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n5p341
   Google Scholar
• Pallant, J. (2005). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to using SPSS for windows(version 12). Allen and Unwin.
   Google Scholar
• Pearce, P. (1991). Travel stories: An analysis of self-disclosure. Australian Psychologist, 26(3), 172–175. https://doi.org/10.1080/00050069108257244
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pennington-Gray, L. A., & Kerstetter, D. L. (2002). What do university educated women want from their travel experiences?. Journal of Travel Research, 40(1), 49–56. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728750104000107
   Google Scholar
• Richards, G., & Wilson, J. (2003). New horizons in independent youth and student travel. A report for the International Student Travel Confederation (ISTC) and the Association of Tourism and Leisure Education (ATLAS). International Student Travel Confederation. Retrieved March 23, 2017, from http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/10248
   Google Scholar
• Ryan, C. (2002b). Motives, behaviors, body and mind. In C. Ryan (Ed.), The tourist experience (pp. 27–57). Continuum.
   Google Scholar
• Sarantakos, S. (2007). A toolkit for quantitative data analysis. Palgrave MacMillan.
   Google Scholar
• Sheng, Y. (2015). Understanding the motivations of bicycle tourists in New Zealand: The case of the Huaraki Rail Trail. Master thesis submitted to the Auckland University of Technology.
   Google Scholar
• Sirakaya, E., & Woodside, A. (2005). Building and testing theories of decision making by travelers. Tourism Management, 26(6), 815–832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2004.05.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2000). Using multivariate statistics (4th ed.). Allyn and Bacon.
   Google Scholar
• UNWTO. (2020b). International tourist arrivals could fall by 20-30% in 2020. Retrieved May 10, 2020, from https://www.unwto.org/news/international-tourism-arrivals-could-fall-in-2020
   Google Scholar
• Woodman, P. (2003). Two-thirds of holidaymakers want to go solo. Retrieved June 13,2017, from http://wwb.lexis-nexis.com/universe/printdoc
   Google Scholar
• WTTC. (2017). Travel & tourism economic impact 2016 Ghana.
   Google Scholar
• Xie, H., Costa, C., & Morais, D. (2008). Gender differences in rural tourists’ motivation and activity participation. Journal of Hospitality & Leisure Marketing, 16(4), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/10507050801951452
   Google Scholar
• Xu, F., Morgan, M., & Song, P. (2009). Students’ travel behavior: A cross-cultural comparison of UK and China. International Journal of Tourism Research, 11(3), 255–268. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.686
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yankholmes, A. K. B., & Lin, S. (2012). Leisure and education in Ghana: An exploratory study of university students’ leisure lifestyles. World Leisure Journal, 54(1), 58–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/04419057.2012.668044
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, H. Q., & Lam, T. (1999). An analysis of Mainland Chinese visitors’ motivations to visit hong kong. Tourism Motivation, 20(5), 587–594. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00028-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, H. Q., Qu, H., & Tang, V. M. Y. (2004). A case study of Hong Kong residents’ outbound leisure travel. Tourism Management, 25, 267–273.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmer, Z., Brayley, R., & Searle, M. (1995). Whether to go and where to go: Identification of important influences on seniors’ decision to travel. Journal of Travel Research, 33(3), 3–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759503300302
   Google Scholar