Effects of Terrorist Charges and Threatening Conduct on Mock Jurors’ Decisions

References

• Arndt, J., Lieberman, J. D., Cook, A., & Solomon, S. (2005). Terror management in the courtroom: Exploring the effects of mortality salience on legal decision making. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 11, 407–438. doi: 10.1037/1076-8971.11.3.407
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandes, S. A., & Blumenthal, J. A. (2012). Emotion and the law. Annual Review of Law and Social Science, 8, 161–181. doi: 10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-102811-173825
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker, E. (1971). The birth and death of meaning ( 2nd ed.). New York: Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Becker, E. (1973). The denial of death. New York: Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Becker, E. (1975). Escape from evil. New York: Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bodenhausen, G. V. Sheppard, L. A., & Kramer, G. P. (1994). Negative affect and social perception: The differential impact of anger and sadness. European Journal of Social Psychology, 24, 45–62.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bright, D. A., & Goodman-Delahunty, J. (2006). Gruesome evidence and emotion: Anger, blame, and jury decision making. Law and Human Behavior, 30, 183–202. doi: 10.1007/s10979-006-9027-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burke, B. L., Martens, A., & Fauchner, E. H. (2010). Two decades of Terror Management Theory: A meta-analysis of mortality salience research. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 14, 155–195. doi: 10.1177/1088868309352321
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins, J. (1997). Judge or jury. [Television series episode]. In A. M. Nicholson [ Executive producer], Lateline. Sydney Australia: ABC TV.
   Google Scholar
• Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation 2010 8–P.
   Google Scholar
• Cooper, H. H. A. (2001). Terrorism: The problem of definition revisited, American Behavioral Scientist, 44, 881–893. doi: 10.1177/00027640121956575
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crimes Act 1900 ( NSW) § 28.
   Google Scholar
• Criminal Code Act 1995 ( AUS) §§ 101, 147.
   Google Scholar
• Criminal Code Amendment (Terrorism) Act of 2003 § 40.
   Google Scholar
• Das, E., Bushman, B. J., Bezemer, M. D., Kerkhof, P., & Vermeulen, I. E. (2009). How terrorism news reports prejudice against outgroups: A terror management account. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45, 453–459. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2008.12.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis, F. (2013). The jury as a political institution in an age of counterterrorism. Politics, 33, 5–18. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9256.2012.01448.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devine, D. J. (2012). Jury decision making: The state of the science. New York: New York University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Devine, D. J., Olafso, K. M., Jarvis, L. J., Bott, J. L., Clayton, L. D., & Wolfe, J. T. (2004). Explaining jury verdicts: Is leniency bias for real? Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 34, 2069–2098.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donohue, L. K. (2007). Terrorism and trial by jury: The vices and virtues of British and American Criminal Law. Stanford Law Review, 59, 1321–1364.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douglas, K. S., Lyon, D. R., Ogloff, J. R. P. (1997). The impact of graphic photographic evidence on mock jurors’ decision n a murder trial: Probative or prejudicial? Law and Human Behavior, 21, 485–501.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feigenson, N., & Park, J. (2006). Emotions and attributions of legal responsibility and blame: A research review. Law and Human Behavior, 30, 143–161. doi: 10.1007/s10979-006-9026-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feigenson, N., Park, J., & Salovey, P. (1997). Effect of blameworthiness and outcome severity on attributions of responsibility and damage awards in comparative negligence cases. Law and Human Behavior, 21, 597–617.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feigenson, N., Park, J., & Salovey, P. (2001). The role of emotions in comparative negligence judgments. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31, 576–603. doi: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2001.tb02057.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischer, P., Greitemeyer, T., Kastenmüller, A., Frey, D., & Oßwald, S. (2007). Terror salience and punishment: Does terror salience induce threat to social order? Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 964–971. doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2006.10.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flowers, S. M. (2008). Disparities in jury outcomes: Baltimore City vs. three surrounding jurisdictions – an empirical examination. Baltimore, MD: The Abell Foundation, Retrieved from http://www.abell.org/pubsitems/Disparities-cj.908.pdf ( assessed 11 September 2014).
   Google Scholar
• Goodman-Delahunty, J., & Sporer, S. L. (2010). Unconscious influences in sentencing decisions: A research review of psychological sources of disparity. Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 42, 19–36. doi: 10.1080/00450610903391440
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., & Pyszczynski, T. (1997). Terror Management Theory of self-esteem and social behavior: Empirical assessments and conceptual refinements. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, vol. 29. New York: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hamdam v Rumsfeld 548 U.S. 557 (2006).
   Google Scholar
• Hayes, J., Schimel, J., Arndt, J., & Faucher, E. H. (2010). A theoretical and empirical review of the death-thought accessibility concept in terror management research. Psychological Bulletin, 136, 699–739. doi: 10.1037/a0020524
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofnung, M., & Weinshall-Margel, K. (2010). Judicial setbacks, material gains: Terror litigation at the Israeli High Court of Justice. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 7, 664–692.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, M. B., & Wiener, R. L. (2011). Effects of mortality salience on capital punishment sentencing decisions. Applied Social Psychology, 33, 167–181. doi: 10.1080/01973533.2011.568852
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kassin, S M., & Wrightsman, L. S. (1988) The American jury on trial: Psychological perspectives. Bristol, PA: Taylor & Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Kastenmüller, A., Greitemeyer, T., Hindocha, N., Tattersall, A. J., & Fischer, P. (2013). Disaster threat and justice sensitivity: A terror management perspective. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 43, 2100–2106. doi: 10.1111/jasp.12163
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landau, M. J. Solomon, S., Greenberg, J., Cohen, F., Pyszczynski, T., Arndt, M.,... Cook, A. (2004). Deliver us from evil: The effects of mortality salience and reminders of 9/11 on support for President George W. Bush. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 1136–1150. doi: 10.1177/0146167204267988
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieberman, J D., & Arndt, J. (2009). Terror Management Theory and jury decision making. The Jury Expert, 21, 1–16.
   Google Scholar
• Lundrigan, S., Dhami, M. K., & Mueller-Johnson, K. (2015). Effect of offence seriousness and consequences of a custodial sentence on juror decision-making. Manuscript submitted for publication.
   Google Scholar
• Murphy, B. A. (2014) Scalia: A court of one. New York: Simon & Schuster.
   Google Scholar
• Myers, B., Lynn, S. J., & Arbuthnot, J. (2002). Victim impact testimony and juror judgements: The effects of harm information and witness demeanor. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32, 2393–2412.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, L. J., Moore, D. L., Olivetti, J., & Scott, T. (1997). General and personal mortality salience and nationalistic bias. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 884–892. doi: 10.1177/0146167297238008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pickel, K. L., & Brown, J. R. (2002). Mortality salience and jurors’ evaluations of criminal defendants: The effects of thinking about one's own or another person's death. Presented at the 75^th Annual Conference of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, IL, May 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Pyszczynski, T., Greenberg, J., & Solomon, S. (1999). A dual process model of defense against conscious and unconscious death-related thoughts: An extension of Terror Management Theory. Psychological Review, 106, 835–845. doi: 10.1037//0033-295X.106.4.835
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simon, L., Greenberg, J., Harmon-Jones, E., Solomon, S., Pyszczynski, T., Arndt, J., & Abend, T. (1997). Terror management and cognitive–experiential self-theory: Evidence that terror management occurs in the experiential system. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 1132–1146. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.72.5.1132
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, B. L., & Damphousse, K. R. (1996). Punishing political offenders: The effect of political motive on federal sentencing decisions. Criminology, 34, 289–322.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, B. L., & Damphousse, K. R. (1998). Terrorism, politics, and punishment: A test of structural contextual theory and the ‘Liberation Hypothesis’. Criminology, 36, 67–92.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tait, D. (2011). Deliberating about terrorism: Prejudice and jury verdicts in a mock terrorism trial. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 44, 387–403. doi: 10.1177/0004865811419067
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ullrich, J., & Cohrs, J. C. (2007). Terrorism salience increases system justification: Experimental evidence. Social Justice Research, 20, 117–139. doi: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000033
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar