Forests, fire and vegetation change impacts on Murray-Darling basin water resources

References

• Abram, NJ., BJ. Henley, A. Sen Gupta, TJR. Lippmann, H. Clarke, AJ. Dowdy, JJ. Sharples, et al. 2021. “Connections of Climate Change and Variability to Large and Extreme Forest Fires in Southeast Australia.” Communications Earth & Environment 2 (1): 8. doi:10.1038/s43247-020-00065-8.
   Google Scholar
• Adams, HD., CH. Luce, DD. Breshears, CD. Allen, M. Weiler, Hale VC Smith Ams, and TE. Huxman. 2012. “Ecohydrological Consequences of Drought- and Infestation Triggered Tree Die-Off: Insights and Hypotheses.” Ecohydrology 5 (2): 145–159. doi:10.1002/eco.233.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexandra, J. 2023. “Climate Risk Assessment in the MDB – a Review.” Australasian Journal of Water Resources 1–13. doi:10.1080/13241583.2022.2157107.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexandra, J., and L. Rickards. 2021. “The Contested Politics of Drought, Water Security and Climate Adaptation in Australia’s Murray-Darling Basin.” Water Alternatives 14 (3): 773–794.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alkama, R., and A. Cescatti. 2016. “Biophysical Climate Impacts of Recent Changes in Global Forest Cover.” Science 351 (6273): 600–604. doi:10.1126/science.aac8083.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anonymous. 2004. “Intergovernmental Agreement on a National Water Initiative Between the Commonwealth of Australia and the Governments of New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory.” 39. www.awe.gov.au.
   Google Scholar
• Australian Government. 2018. “National Forest Industries Plan.” www.agriculture.gov.au/agriculture-land/forestry/national-forest-industries-plan
   Google Scholar
• Australian Government. 2022. “Emissions Reduction Fund.” https://www.cleanenergyregulator.gov.au/ERF/About-the-Emissions-Reduction-Fund
   Google Scholar
• Beavis, SG., VNL. Wong, LM. Mosely, DS. Baldwin, JO. Latimer, PNJ. Lane, and A. Lal. 2023. “Water Quality Risks in the Murray-Darling Basin.” Australasian Journal of Water Resources doi:10.1080/13241583.2022.2163475.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennett, LB., MJ. Bruce, J. MacHunter, M. Kohout, MA. Tanase, and C. Aponte. 2016. “Mortality and Recruitment of Fire-Tolerant Eucalypts as Influenced by Wildfire Severity and Recent Prescribed Fire.” Forest Ecology and Management 380: 107–117. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2016.08.047.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benyon, RG., and TM. Doody. 2015. “Comparison of Interception, Forest Floor Evaporation and Transpiration in Pinus Radiata and Eucalyptus Globulus Plantations.” Hydrological Processes 29 (6): 1173–1187. doi:10.1002/hyp.10237.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benyon, RG., TM. Doody, S. Theiveyanathan, and V. Koul. 2009. “Plantation Forest Water Use in Southwest Victoria.” Forest and Wood Products Australia, Project No. PNC064-0607, Melbourne: FWPA.
   Google Scholar
• Benyon, RG., A. Inbar, GJ. Sheridan, CS. Lyell, and PNJ. Lane. 2023. “Variable Self-Thinning Explains Hydrological Responses to Stand Replacement in Even-Aged Forests.” Journal of Hydrology 618: 129157. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129157.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benyon, RG., PNJ. Lane, S. Theiveyanathan, TM. Doody, and PJ. Mitchell. 2012. “Spatial Variability in Forest Water Use from Three Contrasting Regions of South-Eastern Australia.” Acta horticulturae 951 (951): 233–238. doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.951.28.
   Google Scholar
• Benyon, RG., S. Theiveyanathan, and TM. Doody. 2006. “Impacts of Tree Plantations on Groundwater in South-Eastern Australia.” Australian Journal of Botany 54 (2): 181–192. doi:10.1071/BT05046.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergstrom, D., B C. Wienecke, J. Hoff, L. Hughes, D B. Lindenmayer, T D. Ainsworth, C M. Baker, et al. 2021. “Combating Ecosystem Collapse from the Tropics to the Antarctic.” Global Change Biology 27 (9): 1692–1703. doi:10.1111/gcb.15539.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boer, MM., V. Resco de Dios, and R. Bradstock. 2020. “Unprecedented Burn Area of Australian Mega Forest Fires.” Nature Climate Change 10 (3): 171–172. doi:10.1038/s41558-020-0716-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bosch, J M., and JD. Hewlett. 1982. “A Review of Catchment Experiments to Determine the Effect of Vegetation Changes on Water Yield and Evapotranspiration.” Journal of Hydrology 55 (1–4): 3–23. doi:10.1016/0022-1694(82)90117-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowman, D., GJ. Williamson, OF. Price, MN. Ndalila, and RA. Bradstock. 2021. “Australian Forests, Megafires and the Risk of Dwindling Carbon Stocks.” Plant, Cell & Environment 44 (2): 347–355. doi:10.1111/pce.13916.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowman, DMJS., GJ. Williamson, LD. Prior, and BP. Murphy. 2016. “The Relative Importance of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors in the Decline of Obligate Seeder Forests.” Global Ecology and Biogeography 25 (10): 1166–1172. doi:10.1111/geb.12484.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brookhouse, MT., GD. Farquhar, and MT. Roderick. 2013. “The Impact of Bushfires on Water Yield from South-East Australia’s Ash Forests.” Water Resources Research 49 (7): 4493–4505. doi:10.1002/wrcr.20351.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, JAH. 1972. “Hydrologic Effects of a Bushfire in a Catchment in South - Eastern New South Wales.” Journal of Hydrology 15: 77–96. doi:10.1016/0022-1694(72)90077-7.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, A., L. Zhang, TA. McMahon, AW. Western, and RA. Vertessy. 2005. “A Review of Paired Catchment Studies with Reference to the Seasonal Flows.” Journal of Hydrology 310 (1–4): 28–61. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.12.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burton, J., J. Cawson, P. Nsoke, and G. Sheridan. 2019. “Shifting States, Altered Fates: Divergent Fuel Moisture Responses After High Frequency Wildfire in an Obligate Seeder Eucalypt Forest.” Forests 10 (5): 436. doi:10.3390/f10050436.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canadell, JP., CP. Meyer, GD. Cook, A. Dowdy, PR. Briggs, J. Knauer, A. Pepler, and V. Haverd. 2021. “Multi-Decadal Increase of Forest Burned Area in Australia is Linked to Climate Change.” Nature Communications 12 (1): 6921. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27225-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng, L., L. Zhang, Y-P. Wang, Q. Yu, D. Eamus, and A. O’grady. 2014. “Impacts of Elevated CO2, Climate Change and Their Interactions on Water Budgets in Four Different Catchments in Australia.” Journal of Hydrology 519: 1350–1361. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.09.020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clifton, C., C. Daamen, and A. Horne. 2005. “Water and Land Use Change Study: Changes in Hydrology and Flow Stress with Land-Use Change in South-West Victoria.” Final Technical Report, June 2005, Glenelg Hopkins CMA, Hamilton, Victoria.
   Google Scholar
• Colloff, M.J., M.D. Doherty, S. Lavorel, M. Dunlop, R.M. Wise, and S.M. Prober. 2016. “Adaptation Services and Pathways for the Management of Temperate Montane Forests Under Transformational Climate Change.” Climatic Change 138 (1–2): 267–282. doi:10.1007/s10584-016-1724-z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CSIRO. 2012.Climate and water availability in south-eastern Australia: A synthesis of findings from Phase 2 of the South Eastern Australian Climate Initiative (SEACI). 41. Australia: CSIRO. September 2012.
   Google Scholar
• De Kauwe, MG., BE. Medlyn, and DT. Tissue. 2021. “To What Extent Can Rising [CO2] Ameliorate Plant Drought Stress?” The New Phytologist 231 (6): 2118–2124. doi:10.1111/nph.17540.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Kauwe, MG., BE. Medlyn, AM. Ukkola, M. Mu, MEB. Sabot, AJ. Pitman, P. Meir, et al. 2020. “Identifying Areas at Risk of Drought-Induced Tree Mortality Across South-Eastern Australia.” Global Change Biology 26 (10): 5716–5733. doi:10.1111/gcb.15215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DELWP. 2020. Guidelines for Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on Water Availability in Victoria. Published November 2020.
   Google Scholar
• DELWP, Bureau of Meteorology, CSIRO and University of Melbourne. 2020. Victoria’s Water in a Changing Climate. Insights from the Victorian Water and Climate Initiative. The State of Victoria Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning. ISBN 978-1-76105-349-8.
   Google Scholar
• Doherty, MD., AM. Gill, GJ. Cary, and MP. Austin. 2017. “Seed Viability of Early Maturing Alpine Ash (Eucalyptus Delegatensis Subsp. delegatensis) in the Australian Alps, South-Eastern Australia, and Its Implications for Management Under Changing Fire Regimes.” Australian Journal of Botany 65 (7): 517–523. doi:10.1071/BT17068.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doody, T., and R. Benyon. 2011. “Quantifying Water Savings from Willow Removal in Australian Streams.” Journal of Environmental Management 92 (3): 926–935. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.061.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doody, TM., RG. Benyon, T. Theiveyanathan, V. Koul, and L. Stewart. 2014. “Development of Pan Coefficients for Estimating Evapotranspiration from Riparian Woody Vegetation.” Hydrological Processes 28 (4): 2129–2149. doi:10.1002/hyp.9753.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drake, JE., MG. Tjoelker, A. Vårhammar, BE. Medlyn, PB. Reich, A. Leigh, S. Pfautsch, et al. 2018. “Trees Tolerate an Extreme Heatwave via Sustained Transpirational Cooling and Increased Leaf Thermal Tolerance.” Global Change Biology 24 (6): 2390–2402. doi:10.1111/gcb.14037.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans, MC. 2018. “Effective Incentives for Reforestation: Lessons from Australia’s Carbon Farming Policies.” Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 32: 38–45. doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2018.04.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairman, TA., LT. Bennett, and CR. Nitschke. 2019. “Short Interval Wildfire Increase Likelihood of Resprouting Failure in Fire-Tolerant Trees.” Journal of Environmental Management 231: 59–65. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairman, TA., CR. Nitschke, and LT. Bennett. 2016. “Too Much, Too Soon? A Review of the Effects of Increasing Wildfire Frequency on Tree Mortality and Regeneration in Temperate Eucalypt Forests.” International Journal of Wildland Fire 25 (8): 831–848. doi:10.1071/WF15010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feikema, PM., CB. Sherwin, and PNJ. Lane. 2013. “Influence of Climate, Fire Severity and Forest Mortality on Predictions of Long Term Streamflow: Potential Effect of the 2009 Wildfire on Melbourne’s Water Supply Catchments.” Journal of Hydrology 488: 1–16. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.02.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fletcher, MS., A. Romano, C. Connor, M. Mariani, and SY. Maezumi. 2021. “Catastrophic Bushfires, Indigenous Fire Knowledge, and Reframing Science in Southeast Australia.” Fire 4 (3): 61. doi:10.3390/fire4030061.
   Google Scholar
• Fowler, K., M. Peel, M. Saft, TJ. Peterson, A. Western, L. Band, C. Petheram, et al. 2022. “Explaining Changes in Rainfall–Runoff Relationships During and After Australia’s Millennium Drought: A Community Perspective.” Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 26 (23): 6073–6120. doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6073-2022.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gharun, M., TL. Turrnbull, and MA. Adams. 2013. “Stand Water Use Status in Relation to Fire in Mixed Species Eucalypt Forest.” Forest Ecology and Management 304: 162–170. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2013.05.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilfedder, M., L. Zhang, T. Theiveyanathan, N. Marcar, S. Roxburgh, M. Littleboy, F. Zhao, Y. Chen, A. Almeida, and D. Crawford. 2010. Methods to Assess Water Allocation Impacts of Plantations: Final Report. 15. CSIRO: Water for a Healthy Country National Research Flagship.
   Google Scholar
• Gill, AM. 1975. “Fire and the Australian Flora. A Review.” Australian Forestry 38 (1): 4–25. doi:10.1080/00049158.1975.10675618.
   Google Scholar
• Gimeno, TE., TR. McVicar, AP. O’grady, DT. Tissue, and D.S. Ellseworth. 2018. “Elevated CO2 Did Not Affect the Hydrological Balance of a Mature Native Eucalyptus Woodland.” Global Change Biology 24 (7): 3010–3024. doi:10.1111/gcb.14139.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gimeno, TE., TR. McVicar, AP. O’grady, DT. Tissue, and DS. Ellsworth. 2018. “Elevated CO2 Did Not Affect the Hydrological Balance of a Mature Native Eucalyptus Woodland.” Global Change Biology 24 (7): 3010–3024. doi:10.1111/gcb.14139.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gohr, C., JS. Blumroder, D. Shiel, and PL. Ibisch. 2021. “Quantifying the Nature of Mitigation of Temperature Extremes by Forests and Wetlands in a Temperate Landscape.” Ecological Informatics 66: 66. doi:10.1016/j.ecoinf.2021.101442.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenwood, AJB. 2013. “The First Stages of Australian Forest Water Regulation: National Reform and Regional Implementation.” Environmental Science & Policy 29: 124–136. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2013.01.012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenwood, AJB., RG. Benyon, and PNJ. Lane. 2011. “A Method for Assessing the Hydrological Impact of Afforestation Using Regional Mean Annual Data and Empirical Rainfall–Runoff Curves.” Journal of Hydrology 411 (1–2): 49–65. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.09.033.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenwood, AJB., G. Schoups, EP. Campbell, and PNJ. Lane. 2014. “Bayesian Scrutiny of Simple Rainfall–Runoff Models Used in Forest Water Management.” Journal of Hydrology 512: 344–365. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.01.074.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griebel, A., LT. Bennett, D. Metzen, E. Pendall, PNJ. Lane, and SK. Arndt. 2020. “Trading Water for Carbon: Maintaining Photosynthesis at the Cost of Increased Water Loss During High Temperatures in a Temperate Forest.” Journal of Geophysical Research Biosciences 125 (1): e2019JG005239. doi:10.1029/2019JG005239.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guerschman, JP., AIJM. Van Dijk, G. Mattersdorf, J. Beringer, LB. Hutley, R. Leuning, RC. Pipunic, and BS. Sherman. 2009. “Scaling of Potential Evapotranspiration with MODIS Data Reproduces Flux Observations and Catchment Water Balance Observations Across Australia.” Journal of Hydrology 369 (1–2): 107–119. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.02.013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo, Y., L. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. Wang, and H X. Zheng. 2021. “Estimating Impacts of Wildfire and Climate Variability on Streamflow in Victoria, Australia.” Hydrological Processes 35 (12): e14439. doi:10.1002/hyp.14439.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heath, JT., CJ. Chafer, FF. van Ogtrop, and TFA. Bishop. 2014. “Post-Wildfire Recovery of Water Yield in the Sydney Basin Water Supply Catchments: An Assessment of the 2001/2002 Wildfires.” Journal of Hydrology 519: 1428–1440. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.09.033.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill, P I., A. Mordue, R J. Nathan, C C. Daamen, K. Williams, and R E. Murphy. 2008. “Spatially Explicit Modelling of the Hydrologic Response of Bushfires at the Catchment Scale.” Australian Journal of Water Resources 12 (3): 281–290. doi:10.1080/13241583.2008.11465354.
   Google Scholar
• Jiang, MK., BE. Medlyn, JE. Drake, RA. Duursma, IC. Anderson, CVM. Barton, MM. Boer, et al. 2020. “The Fate of Carbon in a Mature Forest Under Carbon Dioxide Enrichment.” Nature 580 (7802): 227–231. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2128-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keenan, RJ., A. Gerrand, S. Nambiar, and M. Parsons. 2004b. Plantations and Water: Plantation Impacts on Stream Flow. Science for Decision Makers. Canberra, ACT: Bureau of Rural Sciences, Dept. of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry.
   Google Scholar
• Keenan, R., M. Parsons, A. Gerrand, E. O’loughlin, S. Beavis, D. Gunawardana, M. Gavran, and A. Bugg. 2004a. Plantations and Water Use: A Review Prepared for the Forest and Wood Products Research and Development Corporation. Canberra: Bureau of Rural Sciences.
   Google Scholar
• Khaledi, J., PNJ. Lane, CR. Nitschke, and P. Nyman. 2022. “Wildfire Contribution to Streamflow Variability Across Australian Temperate Zone.” Journal of Hydrology 609: 127728. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.127728.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khaledi, J., CR. Nitschke, PNJ. Lane, TP. Penman, and P. Nyman. 2022. “The Influence of Atmosphere-Ocean Phenomenon on Water Availability Across Temperate Australia.” Water Resources Research 58 (1): e2020WR029409. doi:10.1029/2020WR029409.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuczera, GA. 1987. “Prediction of Water Yield Reduction Following a Bushfire in Ash-Mixed Species Eucalypt Forest.” Journal of Hydrology 94 (3–4): 215–236. doi:10.1016/0022-1694(87)90054-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakmali, S., RB. Benyon, GJ. Sheridan, and PN.J. Lane. 2022. “Change in Fire Frequency Drives a Shift in Species Composition in Native Eucalyptus Regnans Forests: Implications for Overstorey Forest Structure and Transpiration.” Ecohydrology 15 (3). doi:10.1002/eco.2412.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lane, PNJ., PM. Feikema, CB. Sherwin, MC. Peel, and A. Freebairn. 2010. “Modelling the Long Term Water Yield Impact of Wildfire and Other Forest Disturbance.” Environmental Modelling and Software 25 (4): 467–478. doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2009.11.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lane, PNJ., PJ. Sheridan, and PJ. Noske. 2006. “Changes in Sediment Loads and Discharge from Small Mountain Catchments Following Wildfire in South Eastern Australia.” Journal of Hydrology 331 (3–4): 495–510. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.05.035.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lane, PNJ., CB. Sherwin, MC. Peel, and AC. Freebairn. 2008. “Impact of the 2003 Alpine Bushfires on Streamflow - Predicting the Long-Term Impacts of Bushfire on Water Yield.” MDBC Publication No 24 (08): 54.
   Google Scholar
• Le Breton, TD., MB. Lyons, RH. Nolan, T. Penman, G. Williamson, and MKJ. Ooi. 2022. “Megafire-Induced Interval Squeeze Threatens Vegetation at Landscape Scales.” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 20 (5): 327–334. doi:10.1002/fee.2482.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Legg, P., I. Frakes, and M. Gavran. 2021. Australian Plantation Statistics and Log Availability Report 2021. ABARES research report. Canberra, October. doi:10.25814/xj7c-p829.
   Google Scholar
• Li, Y., Y. Liu, G. Bohrer, Y. Cai, A. Wilson, T. Hu, Z. Wang, and K. Zhou. 2021. “Impacts of Forest Loss on Local Climate Across the Conterminous United States: Evidence from Satellite Time-Series Observations.” The Science of the Total Environment 802: 149651. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149651.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macinnis-Ng, C., M. Zeppel, M. Williams, and D. Eamus. 2011. “Applying a SPA Model to Examine the Impact of Climate Change on GPP of Open Woodlands and the Potential for Woody Thickening.” Ecohydrology 4 (3): 379–393. doi:10.1002/eco.138.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mac Nally, R., S C. Cunningham, P J. Baker, G J. Horner, and J R. Thomson. 2011. “Dynamics of Murray-Darling Floodplain Forests Under Multiple Stressors: The Past, Present, and Future of an Australian Icon.” Water Resources Research 47 (12): W00G05. doi:10.1029/2011WR010383.
   Google Scholar
• Marchin, RM., D. Backes, A. Ossola, MR. Leishman, MG. Tjoelker, and DS. Ellsworth. 2022. “Extreme Heat Increases Stomatal Conductance and Drought-Induced Mortality Risk in Vulnerable Plant Species.” Global Change Biology 28 (3): 1133–1146. doi:10.1111/gcb.15976.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McVicar, TR., RJ. Donohue, AP. O’grady, and LT. Li. 2010. “The Effects of Climatic Changes on Plant Physiological and Catchment Ecohydrological Processes in the High-Rainfall Catchments of the Murray-Darling Basin: A Scoping Study.” CSIRO: Water for a Healthy Country National Research Flagship 95 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Milly, PCD. 1994. “Climate, Soil Water Storage and the Annual Water Balance.” Water Resources Research 30 (7): 2143–2156. doi:10.1029/94WR00586.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morison, JIL. 1985. “Sensitivity of Stomata and Water Use Efficiency to High CO2.” Plant, Cell & Environment 8 (6): 467–474. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.1985.tb01682.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen, H., MC. Wheeler, HH. Hendon, EP. Lim, and JA. Otkin. 2021. “The 2019 Flash Droughts in Subtropical Eastern Australia and Their Association with Large-Scale Climate Drivers.” Weather and Climate Extremes 32: 100321. doi:10.1016/j.wace.2021.100321.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicolle, D. 2006. “A Classification and Census of Regenerative Strategies in the Eucalypts (Angophora, Corymbia and Eucalyptus—Myrtaceae), with Special Reference to the Obligate Seeders.” Australian Journal of Botany 54 (4): 391–407. doi:10.1071/BT05061.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nolan, RH., L. Collins, A. Leigh, MKJ. Ooi, TJ. Curran, TA. Fairman, V. Resco de Dios, and R. Bradstock. 2021a. “Limits to Post-Fire Vegetation Recovery Under Climate Change.” Plant, Cell & Environment 44 (11): 3471–3489. doi:10.1111/pce.14176.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nolan, RH., A. Gauthey, A. Losso, BE. Medlyn, R. Smith, SS. Chhajed, K. Fuller, et al. 2021b. “Hydraulic Failure and Tree Size Linked with Canopy Die-Back in Eucalypt Forest During Extreme Drought.” The New Phytologist 230 (4): 1354–1365. doi:10.1111/nph.17298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nolan, RH., PNJ. Lane, RB. Benyon, R. Bradstock, and PJ. Mitchell. 2014. “Changes in Evapotranspiration Following Wildfire in Resprouting Eucalypt Forests.” Ecohydrology 7: 1363–1377. doi:10.1002/eco.1463.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nolan, RH., PNJ. Lane, RB. Benyon, R. Bradstock, and PJ. Mitchell. 2015. “Trends in Evapotranspiration and Streamflow Following Wildfire in Resprouting Eucalypt Forests.” Journal of Hydrology 524: 614–624. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.02.045.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyman, P., GJ. Sheridan, and PNJ. Lane. 2013. “Hydro-Geomorphic Response Models for Burnt Areas and Their Applications in Hazard Prediction and Land Management.” Progress in Physical Geography 37 (6): 787–812. doi:10.1177/0309133313508802.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Toole, K., and M. Keneley. 2010. “Forgotten Outcomes for Rural Areas in Central Policy‐Making: The Case of Blue Gums in Australia.” Australian Journal of Public Administration 69 (2): 190–201. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8500.2010.00683.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson, TJ., M. Saft, M. Peel, and A. John. 2021. “Watersheds May Not Recover from Drought.” Science 372 (6543): 745–749. doi:10.1126/science.abd5085.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raupach, MJ., V. Havered, and PR. Briggs. 2013. “Sensitivities of the Australian Terrestrial Water and Carbon Balances to Climate Change and Variability.” Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 182-183: 277–291. doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.06.017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roderick, MJ., and GD. Farquar. 2011. “A Simple Framework for Relating Variations in Runoff to Variations in Climatic Conditions and Catchment Properties.” Water Resources Research 47 (12): W00G07. doi:10.1029/2010WR009826.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogers, BM., JK. Balch, SJ. Goetz, CER. Lehmann, and M. Turetsky. 2020. “Focus on Changing Fire Regimes: Interactions with Climate, Ecosystems, and Society.” Environmental Research Letters 15 (3): 030201. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab6d3a.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saft, M., MC. Peel, AW. Western, and L. Zhang. 2016. “Predicting Shifts in Rainfall-Runoff Partitioning During Multi-Year Drought: Roles of Dry Period and Catchment Characteristics.” Water Resources Research 52 (12): 9290–9305.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saft, M., L. Zhang, AW. Western, MC. Peel, and NJ. Potter. 2015. “The Influence of Multiyear Drought on the Annual Rainfall-Runoff Relationship: An Australian Perspective.” Water Resources Research 51 (4): 2444–2463. doi:10.1002/2014WR015348.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saintilan, N., E. Asbridge, R. Lucas, K. Rogers, L. Wen, M. Powell, and MJ. Colloff. 2022. “Australian Forested Wetlands Under Climate Change: Collapse or Proliferation?” Marine & Freshwater Research 73 (10): 1255–1262. doi:10.1071/MF21233.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SKM. 2010. “Assessment of Water Use Across the Murray-Darling Basin Using SEBAL Remote Sensing Technology.” Report to the National Water Commission.
   Google Scholar
• SMEC. 2010. Afforestation Risks to Water Resources in the Murray-Darling Basin. Canberra: Murray-Darling Basin Authority.
   Google Scholar
• Tan, KS., DJM. Flower, and DM. Flowers. 2011. “An event runoff coefficient approach for assessing changes in short-term catchment runoff following bushfires.” 34th IAHR World Congress - Balance and Uncertainty, Brisbane 26 June – 1 July 2011, pp 1522–1529.
   Google Scholar
• Tor-Ngern, P., R. Oren, EJ. Ward, S. Palmroth, and HR. McCarthy. 2015. “Increases in Atmospheric CO 2 Have Little Influence on Transpiration of a Temperate Forest Canopy.” The New Phytologist 205 (2): 518–525. doi:10.1111/nph.13148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner, MG. 2010. “Disturbance and Landscape Dynamics in a Changing World.” Ecology 91 (10): 2833–2849. doi:10.1890/10-0097.1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ukkola, AM., C. Prentice, TF. Keenan, AIJM. van Dijk, NR. Viney, RB. Myneni, and J. Bi. 2016. “Reduced Streamflow in Water-Stressed Climates Consistent with CO2 Effects on Vegetation.” Nature Climate Change 6 (1): 75–78. doi:10.1038/nclimate2831.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Dijk, AIJM., HE. Beck, RS. Crosbie, RAM. de Jeu, YY. Liu, GM. Podger, R. Timbal, and NR. Viney. 2013. “The Millennium Drought in Southeast Australia (2001–2009): Natural and Human Causes and Implications for Water Resources, Ecosystems, Economy, and Society.” Water Resources Research 49 (2): 1040–1057. doi:10.1002/wrcr.20123.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Dijk, Albert, Ray Evans, Peter Hairsine, Shahbaz Khan, Rory Nathan, Zahra Paydar, Neil Viney, and Lu Zhang. 2006. “Risks to the Shared Water Resources of the Murray-Darling Basin, Part II in a Two Part Series on the Shared Water Resources of the Murray-Darling Basin Prepared for the Murray-Darling Basin Commission.” Murray-Darling Basin Commission, Canberra MDBC Publication No 22/06 ISBN 1: 921038 88 8.
   Google Scholar
• van Dijk, AIJM., PB. Hairsine, JP. Arancibia, and TI. Dowling. 2007. “Reforestation, Water Availability and Stream Salinity: A Multi-Scale Analysis in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia.” Forest Ecology and Management 251 (1–2): 94–109. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2007.06.012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Dijk, A.I.J.M., and R.J. Keenan. 2007. “Planted Forests and Water in Perspective.” Forest Ecology and Management 251 (1–2): 1–9. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2007.06.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Oldenborgh, GJ., F. Krikken, S. Lewis, NJ. Leach, F. Lehner, KR. Saunders, M. van Weele, et al. 2021. “Attribution of the Australian Bushfire Risk to Anthropogenic Climate Change.” Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussion 2020: 1–46.
   Google Scholar
• Vaze, J., P. Barnett, G. Beale, W. Dawes, R. Evans, NK. Tuteja, B. Murphy, G. Geeves, and M. Miller. 2004. “Modelling the Effects of Land-Use Change on Water and Salt Delivery from a Catchment Affected by Dryland Salinity in South-East Australia.” Hydrological Processes 18 (9): 1613–1637. doi:10.1002/hyp.1409.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• von Takach Dukai, B., DB. Lindenmayer, and SC. Banks. 2018. “Environmental Influences on Growth and Reproductive Maturation of a Keystone Forest Tree: Implications for Obligate Seeder Susceptibility to Frequent Fire.” Forest Ecology and Management 411: 108–119. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2018.01.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whelan, RJ. 1995. ‘The Ecology of Fire.’. Cambridge, UK): Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Zeng, Z., S. Piao, LZ. Li, T. Wang, P. Ciais, X. Lian, Y. Yang, J. Mao, X. Shi, and B. Myneni. 2018. “Impact of Earth Greening on the Terrestrial Water Cycle.” Journal of Climate 31 (7): 2633–2650. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0236.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, L., WR. Dawes, and GR. Walker. 2001. “Response of Mean Annual Evapotranspiration to Vegetation Changes at Catchment Scale.” Water Resources Research 37 (3): 701–708. doi:10.1029/2000WR900325.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, L., F. Zhao, Y. Chen, and RNM. Dixon. 2011. “Estimating Effects of Plantation Expansion and Climate Variability on Streamflow for Catchments in Australia.” Water Resources Research 47 (12). doi:10.1029/2011WR010711.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhou, Y., Y. Zhang, J. Vaze, P. Lane, and S. Xu. 2015. “Impact of Bushfire and Climate Variability on Streamflow from Forested Catchments in Southeast Australia.” Hydrological Sciences Journal 60 (7–8): 1340–1360. doi:10.1080/02626667.2014.961923.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar