Dynamic nexus between transportation, economic growth and environmental degradation in China: Fresh insights from the QARDL approach

References

• Adedoyin, F. F., Ozturk, I., Agboola, M. O., Agboola, P. O., & Bekun, F. V. (2021). The implications of renewable and non-renewable energy generating in Sub-Saharan Africa: The role of economic policy uncertainties. Energy Policy, 150, 112115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.112115
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed, Z., Asghar, M. M., Malik, M. N., & Nawaz, K. (2020). Moving towards a sustainable environment: The dynamic linkage between natural resources, human capital, urbanization, economic growth, and ecological footprint in China. Resources Policy, 67, 101677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2020.101677
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alam, M. S., Islam, M. S., Shahzad, S. J. H., & Bilal, S. (2021). Rapid rise of life expectancy in Bangladesh: Does financial development matter? International Journal of Finance & Economics, 26(4), 4918–4931. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2046
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arain, H., Han, L., Sharif, A., & Meo, M. S. (2020). Investigating the effect of inbound tourism on FDI: The importance of quantile estimations. Tourism Economics, 26(4), 682–703. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354816619859695
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aziz, N., Mihardjo, L. W., Sharif, A., & Jermsittiparsert, K. (2020). The role of tourism and renewable energy in testing the environmental Kuznets curve in the BRICS countries: Fresh evidence from methods of moments quantile regression. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 27(31), 39427–39441.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aziz, N., Sharif, A., Raza, A., & Rong, K. (2020). Revisiting the role of forestry, agriculture, and renewable energy in testing environment Kuznets curve in Pakistan: Evidence from Quantile ARDL approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 27(9), 10115–10128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banister, D., & Stead, D. (2002). Reducing transport intensity. European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research, 2(4), 161–178.
   Google Scholar
• Bank, W. (2019). Global financial development report 2019/2020: Bank regulation and supervision a decade after the global financial crisis. The World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• Beaudoin, J., Farzin, Y. H., & Lawell, C.-Y C. L. (2015). Public transit investment and sustainable transportation: A review of studies of transit’s impact on traffic congestion and air quality. Research in Transportation Economics, 52, 15–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2015.10.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berg, J., & Ihlström, J. (2019). The importance of public transport for mobility and everyday activities among rural residents. Social Sciences, 8(2), 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci8020058
   Google Scholar
• Berger, D. (2022). Investor sentiment: A retail trader activity approach. Review of Accounting and Finance, 21(2), 61–82. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAF-06-2021-0152
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boumphrey, S. (2014). China Overtakes the US as the World’s Largest Economy: Impact on industries and consumers worldwide. Euro Monitor International. Retrieved 20 December, 2020, from https://www.Iimk.Ac.in/Libportal/Reports/China-Overtakes-US-Worlds-Largest-Economy-White-Paper-Euromonitor-Report.Pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Brownstone, D., & Golob, T. F. (2009). The impact of residential density on vehicle usage and energy consumption. Journal of Urban Economics, 65(1), 91–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2008.09.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng, Y., & Yao, X. (2021). Carbon intensity reduction assessment of renewable energy technology innovation in China: A panel data model with cross-section dependence and slope heterogeneity. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 135, 110157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110157
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng, Z., Li, L., & Liu, J. (2020). Natural resource abundance, resource industry dependence and economic green growth in China. Resources Policy, 68, 101734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2020.101734
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho, J. S., Kim, T., & Shin, Y. (2015). Quantile cointegration in the autoregressive distributed-lag modeling framework. Journal of Econometrics, 188(1), 281–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2015.05.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darido, G., Torres‐Montoya, M., & Mehndiratta, S. (2014). Urban transport and CO 2 emissions: Some evidence from C hinese cities. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, 3(2), 122–155. https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.71
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Development (UNCTAD). (2015). Information economy report 2015: Unlocking the potential of E-commerce for developing countries. UN.
   Google Scholar
• Dinda, S., Coondoo, D., & Pal, M. (2000). Air quality and economic growth: An empirical study. Ecological Economics, 34(3), 409–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(00)00179-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong, F., Zhang, S., Long, R., Zhang, X., & Sun, Z. (2019). Determinants of haze pollution: An analysis from the perspective of spatiotemporal heterogeneity. Journal of Cleaner Production, 222, 768–783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.03.105
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Georgatzi, V. V., Stamboulis, Y., & Vetsikas, A. (2020). Examining the determinants of CO2 emissions caused by the transport sector: Empirical evidence from 12 European countries. Economic Analysis and Policy, 65, 11–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2019.11.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godil, D. I., Sharif, A., Agha, H., & Jermsittiparsert, K. (2020). The dynamic nonlinear influence of ICT, financial development, and institutional quality on CO2 emission in Pakistan: New insights from QARDL approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 27(19), 24190–24200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González, R. M., Marrero, G. A., Rodríguez-López, J., & Marrero, Á. S. (2019). Analyzing CO2 emissions from passenger cars in Europe: A dynamic panel data approach. Energy Policy, 129, 1271–1281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.03.031
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo, X., Liang, C., Umar, M., & Mirza, N. (2022). The impact of fossil fuel divestments and energy transitions on mutual funds performance. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 176, 121429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121429
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hmaittane, A., Bouslah, K., & M’Zali, B. (2019). Does corporate social responsibility affect the cost of equity in controversial industry sectors? Review of Accounting and Finance, 18(4), 635–662. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAF-09-2018-0184
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, H., Wang, F., Song, M., Balezentis, T., & Streimikiene, D. (2021). Green innovations for sustainable development of China: Analysis based on the nested spatial panel models. Technology in Society, 65, 101593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101593
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ielasi, F., Rossolini, M., & Limberti, S. (2018). Sustainability-themed mutual funds: An empirical examination of risk and performance. The Journal of Risk Finance, 19(3), 247–261. Article 3. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRF-12-2016-0159
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ji, X., Chen, X., Mirza, N., & Umar, M. (2021). Sustainable energy goals and investment premium: Evidence from renewable and conventional equity mutual funds in the Euro zone. Resources Policy, 74, 102387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2021.102387
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ji, X., Zhang, Y., Mirza, N., Umar, M., & Rizvi, S. K. A. (2021). The impact of carbon neutrality on the investment performance: Evidence from the equity mutual funds in BRICS. Journal of Environmental Management, 297, 113228.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahn, M. E. (2000). The environmental impact of suburbanization. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 19(4), 569–586. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6688(200023)19:4<569::AID-PAM3>3.0.CO;2-P
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaiser, L., & Welters, J. (2019). Risk-mitigating effect of ESG on momentum portfolios. The Journal of Risk Finance, 20(5), 542–555. Article 5. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRF-05-2019-0075
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Y., Xu, D., Wang, J., Zhang, Y., & Yu, X. (2020). Industrial path analysis for CO2 transfers induced by final consumption: A comparison of the United States and China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 251, 119604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119604
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, C.-Y C., & Zeng, J. (2014). The optimal gasoline tax for China. Theoretical Economics Letters, 04(04), 270–278. https://doi.org/10.4236/tel.2014.44037
   Google Scholar
• Liu, W., Zhang, Q., Chen, J., Xiang, R., Song, H., Shu, S., Chen, L., Liang, L., Zhou, J., You, L., Wu, P., Zhang, B., Lu, Y., Xia, L., Huang, L., Yang, Y., Liu, F., Semple, M. G., Cowling, B. J., … Liu, Y. (2020). Detection of Covid-19 in children in early January 2020 in Wuhan, China. The New England Journal of Medicine, 382(14), 1370–1371. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2003717
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lobato, M., Rodríguez, J., & Romero, H. (2021). A volatility-match approach to measure performance: The case of socially responsible exchange traded funds (ETFs). The Journal of Risk Finance, 22(1), 34–43. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRF-04-2020-0066
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monaghan, A. (2014). China poised to overtake US as world’s largest economy, research shows. The Guardian, 30. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/apr/30/china-overtake-us-worlds-largest-economy
   Google Scholar
• Näslin, C., & Sverrisdottir, S. (2020). Hallå, är det någon där?: En fallstudie om digitalisering som en organisationsförändring
   Google Scholar
• Nasreen, S., Saidi, S., & Ozturk, I. (2018). Assessing links between energy consumption, freight transport, and economic growth: Evidence from dynamic simultaneous equation models. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 25(17), 16825–16841. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1760-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neves, A. C., Harnedy, P. A., O'Keeffe, M. B., Alashi, M. A., Aluko, R. E., & FitzGerald, R. J. (2017). Peptide identification in a salmon gelatin hydrolysate with antihypertensive, dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitory and antioxidant activities. Food Research International, 100, 112–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2017.06.065
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Organization, W. H. (2006). The world health report 2006: Working together for health. World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Ozkan, T., Yanginlar, G., & Kalayci, S. (2019). Testing the transportation-induced environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis: Evidence from eight developed and developing countries. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 9(1), 174.
   Google Scholar
• Rauf, A., Liu, X., Amin, W., Ozturk, I., Rehman, O. U., & Hafeez, M. (2018). Testing EKC hypothesis with energy and sustainable development challenges: A fresh evidence from belt and road initiative economies. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 25(32), 32066–32080. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3052-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy, K., Qamar, M. A. J., Mirza, N., & Shi, F. (2021). Overreaction effect: Evidence from an emerging market (Shanghai stock market). International Journal of Managerial Finance, 17(3), 416–437. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMF-01-2019-0033
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ridhosari, B., & Rahman, A. (2020). Carbon footprint assessment at Universitas Pertamina from the scope of electricity, transportation, and waste generation: Toward a green campus and promotion of environmental sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 246, 119172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119172
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saidi, K., & Mbarek, M. B. (2016). Nuclear energy, renewable energy, CO2 emissions, and economic growth for nine developed countries: Evidence from panel Granger causality tests. Progress in Nuclear Energy, 88, 364–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2016.01.018
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saidi, K., & Mbarek, M. B. (2017). The impact of income, trade, urbanization, and financial development on CO2 emissions in 19 emerging economies. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(14), 12748–12757. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6303-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sasana, H., & Aminata, J. (2019). Energy subsidy, energy consumption, economic growth, and carbon dioxide emission: Indonesian case studies. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 9(2), 117.
   Google Scholar
• Shafique, M., Azam, A., Rafiq, M., & Luo, X. (2021). Investigating the nexus among transport, economic growth and environmental degradation: Evidence from panel ARDL approach. Transport Policy, 109, 61–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2021.04.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shahbaz, M., Farhani, S., & Ozturk, I. (2015). Do coal consumption and industrial development increase environmental degradation in China and India? Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 22(5), 3895–3907.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shan, Y., Guan, D., Zheng, H., Ou, J., Li, Y., Meng, J., Mi, Z., Liu, Z., & Zhang, Q. (2018). China CO2 emission accounts 1997–2015. Scientific Data, 5(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.201
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sharif, A., Baris-Tuzemen, O., Uzuner, G., Ozturk, I., & Sinha, A. (2020). Revisiting the role of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption on Turkey’s ecological footprint: Evidence from Quantile ARDL approach. Sustainable Cities and Society, 57, 102138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102138
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shin, Y., Yu, B., & Greenwood-Nimmo, M. (2014). Modelling asymmetric cointegration and dynamic multipliers in a nonlinear ARDL framework. In Festschrift in honor of Peter Schmidt (pp. 281–314). Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Si, D.-K., Li, X.-L., & Huang, S. (2021). Financial deregulation and operational risks of energy enterprise: The shock of liberalization of bank lending rate in China. Energy Economics, 93, 105047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2020.105047
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stern, D. I., & van Dijk, J. (2017). Economic growth and global particulate pollution concentrations. Climatic Change, 142(3-4), 391–406. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-017-1955-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su, C. W., Meng, X.-L., Tao, R., & Umar, M. (2022). Policy turmoil in China: A barrier for FDI flows? International Journal of Emerging Markets, 17(7), 1617–1634. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-03-2021-0314
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su, C.-W., Naqvi, B., Shao, X.-F., Li, J.-P., & Jiao, Z. (2020). Trade and technological innovation: The catalysts for climate change and way forward for COP21. Journal of Environmental Management, 269, 110774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110774
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su, C.-W., Song, Y., Tao, R., & Hao, L.-N. (2020). Does political conflict affect bilateral trade or vice versa? Evidence from Sino-U.S. relations. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 33(1), 3238–3257. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2019.1694559
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su, C.-W., Xie, Y., Shahab, S., Faisal, C. M. N., Hafeez, M., & Qamri, G. M. (2021). Towards achieving sustainable development: role of technology innovation, technology adoption and CO2 emission for BRICS. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 277. Article 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010277
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su, C.-W., Yuan, X., Tao, R., & Umar, M. (2021). Can new energy vehicles help to achieve carbon neutrality targets? Journal of Environmental Management, 297, 113348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Talbi, B. (2017). CO2 emissions reduction in road transport sector in Tunisia. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 69, 232–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.208
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tao, R., Su, C.-W., Naqvi, B., & Rizvi, S. K. A. (2022). Can Fintech development pave the way for a transition towards low-carbon economy: A global perspective. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 174, 121278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121278
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tariq, S., Ul-Haq, Z., Imran, A., Mehmood, U., Aslam, M. U., & Mahmood, K. (2017). CO2 emissions from Pakistan and India and their relationship with economic variables. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 15(4), 1301–1312. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1504_13011312
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiba, S., & Belaid, F. (2021). Modeling the nexus between sustainable development and renewable energy: The African perspectives. Journal of Economic Surveys, 35(1), 307–329. https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12401
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiwari, A. K., Boachie, M. K., Suleman, M. T., & Gupta, R. (2021). Structure dependence between oil and agricultural commodities returns: The role of geopolitical risks. Energy, 219, 119584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.119584
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tongwane, M., Piketh, S., Stevens, L., & Ramotubei, T. (2015). Greenhouse gas emissions from road transport in South Africa and Lesotho between 2000 and 2009. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 37, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2015.02.017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Umar, M., Ji, X., Kirikkaleli, D., & Alola, A. A. (2021). The imperativeness of environmental quality in the United States transportation sector amidst biomass-fossil energy consumption and growth. Journal of Cleaner Production, 285, 124863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124863
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Umar, M., Ji, X., Kirikkaleli, D., & Xu, Q. (2020). COP21 Roadmap: Do innovation, financial development, and transportation infrastructure matter for environmental sustainability in China? Journal of Environmental Management, 271, 111026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Umar, M., Ji, X., Mirza, N., & Naqvi, B. (2021). Carbon neutrality, bank lending, and credit risk: Evidence from the Eurozone. Journal of Environmental Management, 296, 113156.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Umar, M., Mirza, N., Rizvi, S. K. A., & Naqvi, B. (2022). ESG scores and target price accuracy: Evidence from sell-side recommendations in BRICS. International Review of Financial Analysis, 84, 102389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2022.102389
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Heddeghem, W., Lambert, S., Lannoo, B., Colle, D., Pickavet, M., & Demeester, P. (2014). Trends in worldwide ICT electricity consumption from 2007 to 2012. Computer Communications, 50, 64–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2014.02.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, K.-H., Su, C.-W., Xiao, Y., & Liu, L. (2022). Is the oil price a barometer of China’s automobile market? From a wavelet-based quantile-on-quantile regression perspective. Energy, 240, 122501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.122501
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, K.-H., Xiong, D.-P., Mirza, N., Shao, X.-F., & Yue, X.-G. (2021). Does geopolitical risk uncertainty strengthen or depress cash holdings of oil enterprises? Evidence from China. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 66, 101516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2021.101516
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Q.-S., Su, C.-W., Hua, Y.-F., & Umar, M. (2022). How can new energy vehicles affect air quality in China?—From the perspective of crude oil price. Energy & Environment, 33(8), 1524–1544. https://doi.org/10.1177/0958305X211044388
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, R., Mirza, N., Vasbieva, D. G., Abbas, Q., & Xiong, D. (2020). The nexus of carbon emissions, financial development, renewable energy consumption, and technological innovation: What should be the priorities in light of COP 21 Agreements? Journal of Environmental Management, 271, 111027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111027
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Z., Zhao, N., Wei, W., & Zhang, Q. (2021). A differentiated energy Kuznets curve: Evidence from mainland China. Energy, 214, 118942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.118942
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, W., Wang, W., & Zhang, M. (2020). Using China’s provincial panel data exploring the interaction between socio-economic and eco-environment system. Ecological Complexity, 44, 100873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecocom.2020.100873
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, X., Li, C., Shao, L., Meng, J., Zhang, L., & Chen, G. (2021). Is solar power renewable and carbon-neutral: Evidence from a pilot solar tower plant in China under a systems view. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 138, 110655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110655
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie, Q., Xu, X., & Liu, X. (2019). Is there an EKC between economic growth and smog pollution in China? New evidence from semiparametric spatial autoregressive models. Journal of Cleaner Production, 220, 873–883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.02.166
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, Q., Umar, M., & Ji, X. (2020). Time-frequency analysis between renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption, economic growth, and CO2 emissions in the United States: Evidence from the transportation sector. In CICTP 2020 (pp. 2964–2974). https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784483053.250
   Google Scholar
• Yan, L., Mirza, N., & Umar, M. (2022). The cryptocurrency uncertainties and investment transitions: Evidence from high and low carbon energy funds in China. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 175, 121326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121326
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, X.-P., & Cheng, X.-M. (2009). Energy consumption, carbon emissions, and economic growth in China. Ecological Economics, 68(10), 2706–2712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.05.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, X.-T., Liu, X.-H., Su, C.-W., & Umar, M. (2020). Does asymmetric persistence in convergence of the air quality index (AQI) exist in China? Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(29), 36541–36569. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09498-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng, J., Tan, G., Shan, P., Liu, T., Hu, J., Feng, Y., Yang, L., Zhang, M., Chen, Z., Lin, Y., Lu, J., Neuefeind, J. C., Ren, Y., Amine, K., Wang, L.-W., Xu, K., & Pan, F. (2018). Understanding thermodynamic and kinetic contributions in expanding the stability window of aqueous electrolytes. Chem, 4(12), 2872–2882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2018.09.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng, X., Pang, L., Chen, G., Huang, C., Liu, L., & Zhang, L. (2016). Challenge of population aging on health. In Public health challenges in contemporary China (pp. 43–53). Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Zivot, E., & Andrews, D. W. K. (2002). Further evidence on the great crash, the oil-price shock, and the unit-root hypothesis. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 20(1), 25–44. https://doi.org/10.1198/073500102753410372
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar