The impact of interest group diversity on legal implementation in the European Union

References

• Bakker, R. et al . (2015) ‘Measuring party positions in Europe: the Chapel Hill expert survey trend file, 1999–2010’, Party Politics 21(1): 143–52. doi: 10.1177/1354068812462931
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Börzel, T.A. (2006) ‘Participation through law enforcement: the case of European Union’, Comparative Political Studies 39(1): 128–52. doi: 10.1177/0010414005283220
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouwen, P. (2002) ‘Corporate lobbying in the European Union: the logic of access’, Journal of European Public Policy 9(3): 365–90. doi: 10.1080/13501760210138796
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bunea, A. (2013) ‘Issues, preferences and ties: determinants of interest groups’ preference attainment in the EU environmental policy’, Journal of European Public Policy 20(4): 552–70. doi: 10.1080/13501763.2012.726467
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bunea, A. and Baumgartner, F. (2014) ‘The state of the discipline: authorship, research designs, and citation patterns in studies of EU interest groups and lobbying’, Journal of European Public Policy 21(10): 1412–34. doi: 10.1080/13501763.2014.936483
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caporaso, J. and Jupille, J. (2001) ‘The Europeanization of gender equality policy and domestic structural change’, in M.G. Cowles , J. Caporaso and T. Risse (ed.), Transforming Europe , Ithaca : Cornell University Press, pp. 21–43.
   Google Scholar
• Chalmers, A. (2015) ‘Financial industry mobilization and securities markets regulation in Europe’, European Journal of Political Research 54(3): 482–501. doi: 10.1111/1475-6765.12099
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chayes, A. and Chayes, A.H. (1993) ‘On compliance’, International Organization 47(2): 175–205. doi: 10.1017/S0020818300027910
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coen, D. and Katsaitis, A. (2013) ‘Chameleon pluralism in the EU: an empirical study of the European Commission interest group density and diversity across policy domains’, Journal of European Public Policy 20(8): 1104–19. doi: 10.1080/13501763.2013.781785
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dimitrova, A. and Steunenberg, B. (2000) ‘The search for convergence of national policies in the European Union: an impossible quest?’, European Union Politics 1(2): 201–26. doi: 10.1177/1465116500001002003
   Google Scholar
• Downs, G. , Rocke, D. and Barsoom, P. (1996) ‘Is the good news about compliance good news about cooperation?’, International Organization 50(3): 379–406. doi: 10.1017/S0020818300033427
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eising, R. (2007) ‘The access of business interests to EU institutions: towards élite pluralism?’, Journal of European Public Policy 14(3): 384–403. doi: 10.1080/13501760701243772
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein, D. and O’Halloran, S. (1999) Delegating Powers , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Falkner, G. , Treib, O. , Hartlapp, M. and Leiber, S. (2005) Complying with Europe , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Franchino, F. (2004) ‘Delegating powers in the European Community’, British Journal of Political Science 34(2): 269–93. doi: 10.1017/S0007123404000055
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friege, H. , Oberdörfer, M. and Günther, M. (2015) ‘Optimising waste from electric and electronic equipment collection systems: A comparison of approaches in European countries’, Waste Management & Research 33(3): 223–31. doi: 10.1177/0734242X14567500
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray, V. and Lowery, D. (1993) ‘The diversity of state interest group systems’, Political Research Quarterly 46(1): 81–97. doi: 10.1177/106591299304600107
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray, V. and Lowery, D. (1995) ‘Interest representation and democratic gridlock’, Legislative Studies Quarterly 20(4): 531–52. doi: 10.2307/440192
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen, W.L. , Mitchell, N.J. and Drope, J.M. (2005) ‘The logic of private and collective action’, American Journal of Political Science 49(1): 150–167. doi: 10.1111/j.0092-5853.2005.00116.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heinz, J.P. , Laumann, E.O. , Nelson, R.L. and Salisbury, R.H. (1993) The Hollow Core , Cambridge : Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Heritier, A. (1997) ‘Policy-making by subterfuge: interest accommodation, innovation and substitute democratic legitimation in Europe - perspectives from distinctive policy areas’, Journal of European Public Policy 4(2): 171–89. doi: 10.1080/13501769709696337
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hix, S. and Høyland, B. (2011) The Political System of the European Union , London : Palgrave.
   Google Scholar
• Jahn, D. (2016) ‘Changing of the guard: trends in corporatist arrangements in 42 highly industrialized societies from 1960 to 2010’, Socio-Economic Review 14(1): 47–71. doi: 10.1093/ser/mwu028
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaika, M. (2003) ‘The water framework directive: a new directive for a changing social, political and economic European framework’, European Planning Studies 11(3): 299–316. doi: 10.1080/09654310303640
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klüver, H. (2013) Lobbying in the European Union , Oxford : Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Klüver, H. , Mahoney, C. and Opper, M. (2015) ‘Framing in context: how interest groups employ framing to lobby the European Commission’, Journal of European Public Policy 22(4): 481–98. doi: 10.1080/13501763.2015.1008550
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knill, C. and Lenschow, A. (1998) ‘Coping with Europe: the impact of British and German administrations on the implementation of EU environmental policy’, Journal of European Public Policy 5(4): 595–614. doi: 10.1080/13501769880000041
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• König, T. and Luetgert, B. (2009) ‘Troubles with transposition? Explaining trends in member-state notification and the delayed transposition of EU directives’, British Journal of Political Science 39(1): 163–94. doi: 10.1017/S0007123408000380
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lampinen, R. and Uusikylä, P. (1998) ‘Implementation deficitWhy member states do not comply with EU directives?’, Scandinavian Political Studies 21(3): 231–51. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9477.1998.tb00014.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowery, D. and Brasher, H. (2004) Organized Interests and American Government , New York : McGraw-Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Mahoney, C. (2007) ‘Lobbying success in the United States and the European Union’, Journal of Public Policy 27(1): 35–56. doi: 10.1017/S0143814X07000608
   Google Scholar
• Mbaye, H.A.D. (2001) ‘Why national states comply with supranational law: explaining implementation infringements in the European Union, 1972–1993’, European Union Politics 2(3): 259–81. doi: 10.1177/1465116501002003001
   Google Scholar
• McLaughlin, M. (1987) ‘Learning from experience: lessons from policy implementation’, Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis 9(2): 171–8. doi: 10.3102/01623737009002171
   Google Scholar
• Persson, T. (2007) ‘Democratizing European chemicals policy: do consultations favour civil society participation?’, Journal of Civil Society 3(3): 223–38. doi: 10.1080/17448680701775648
   Google Scholar
• Pollack, M.A. (1997) ‘Delegation, agency and agenda setting in the European Community’, International Organization 51(1): 99–134. doi: 10.1162/002081897550311
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quittkat, C. (2011) ‘The European Commission's online consultations: a success story?’, Journal of Common Market Studies 49(3): 653–74. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-5965.2010.02147.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasmussen, A. and Carroll, B.J. (2014) ‘Determinants of upper-class dominance in the Heavenly Chorus: lessons from European Union online consultations’, British Journal of Political Science 44(2): 445–59. doi: 10.1017/S0007123412000750
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabatier, P. and Mazmanian, D. (1980) ‘The implementation of regulatory policy: a framework of analysis’, Policy Studies Journal 8(4): 538–60. doi: 10.1111/j.1541-0072.1980.tb01266.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salisbury, R. (1992) Interests and Institutions , Pittsburgh : University of Pittsburgh Press.
   Google Scholar
• Schattschneider, E. (1960) The Semisovereign People , New York : Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
   Google Scholar
• Seki, K. and Williams, L.K. (2014) ‘Updating the party government data set’, Electoral Studies 34: 270–9. doi: 10.1016/j.electstud.2013.10.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steunenberg, B. (2007) ‘A policy solution to the European Union's transposition puzzle: interaction of interests in different domestic arenas’, West European Politics 30(1): 23–49. doi: 10.1080/01402380601019639
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steunenberg, B. and Toshkov, D. (2009) ‘Comparing transposition in the 27 member states of the EU: the impact of discretion and legal fit’, Journal of European Public Policy 16(7): 951–70. doi: 10.1080/13501760903226625
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomson, R. (2007) ‘Time to Comply: National Responses to Six EU Labour Market Directives Revisited’, West European Politics 30(5): 987–1008. doi: 10.1080/01402380701617407
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomson, R. , Torenvlied, R. and Arregui, J. (2007) ‘The paradox of compliance: infringements and delays in transposing European Union directives’, British Journal of Political Science 37(4): 685–709. doi: 10.1017/S0007123407000373
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treib, O. (2014) ‘Implementing and complying with EU governance outputs’, Living Reviews in European Governance 9(1): 1–47.
   Google Scholar
• Yackee, S. (2006) ‘Sweet-talking the fourth branch: the influence of interest group comments on Federal Agency rulemaking’, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 16(1): 103–24. doi: 10.1093/jopart/mui042
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhelyazkova, A. , Kaya, C. and Schrama, R. (2016) ‘Decoupling practical and legal compliance: analysis of member states’ implementation of EU policy’, European Journal of Political Research 55(4): 827–46. doi: 10.1111/1475-6765.12154
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar