Global organic agriculture policy-making through standards as an organizational field: when institutional dynamics meet entrepreneurs

References

• Abbott, K.W. and Snidal, D. (2001) ‘International ‘standards’ and international governance’, Journal of European Public Policy 8(3): 345–70. doi: 10.1080/13501760110056013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abbott, K.W. and Snidal, D. (2009) ‘Strengthening international regulation through transnational new governance: overcoming the orchestration deficit’, Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 32(2): 501–78.
   Google Scholar
• Abbott, K.W., Genschel, P., Snidal, D. and Zangl, B. (eds) (2015) International Organizations as Orchestrators, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Arcuri, A. (2015) ‘The transformation of organic regulation: the ambiguous effects of publicization’, Governance & Regulation 9(2): 144–59. doi: 10.1111/rego.12066
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aschemann, J., Hamm, U., Naspetti, S. and Zanoli, R. (2007) ‘The organic market’, in W. Lockeretz (ed.), Organic Farming. An international History, Wallingford: CABI, pp. 123–52.
   Google Scholar
• Beckert, J. (2010) ‘Institutional isomorphism revisited: convergence and divergence in institutional change’, Sociological Theory 28(2): 150–66. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9558.2010.01369.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boström, M. and Klintman, M. (2006) ‘State-centered versus nonstate-driven organic food standardization: a comparison of the US and Sweden’, Agriculture and Human Values 23: 163–80. doi: 10.1007/s10460-005-6099-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boström, M. and Tamm Hallström, K. (2013) ‘Global multistakeholder standard setters: how fragile are they?’, Journal of Global Ethics 9(1): 93–110. doi: 10.1080/17449626.2013.773180
   Google Scholar
• Bourgeois, D. (1997) How it all Began, Bonn: IFOAM.
   Google Scholar
• Bowen, D. (2013) ‘Review of key systemic issues and findings resulting from activities of the international task force on harmonization and equivalence in organic agriculture (ITF) and the global organic market access (GOMA) project’, UNFSS Discussion Paper 2/2013, New York: UNFSS.
   Google Scholar
• Büthe, T. and Mattli, W. (2011) The New Global Rulers: The Privatization of Regulation in the World Economy, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• CAC (1999) ‘Guidelines for the production, processing, labelling and marketing of organically produced foods’, CAC/GL32-1999, Rome: FAO, available at http://www.fao.org/organicag/doc/glorganicfinal.pdf (accessed April 2017).
   Google Scholar
• Cutler, A.C., Haufler, V. and Porter, T. (1999) ‘Private authority and international affairs’, in A.C. Cutler, V. Haufler and T. Porter (eds), Private Authority and International Affairs, Albany: State University of New York Press, pp. 3–28.
   Google Scholar
• Daugbjerg, C. (2012) ‘The world trade organization and organic food trade: potential for restricting protectionism?’, Organic Agriculture 2(1): 55–66. doi: 10.1007/s13165-012-0024-9
   Google Scholar
• Daugbjerg, C. and Feindt, P.H. (2017) ‘Post-exceptionalism in public policy: transforming food and agricultural policy’, Journal of European Public Policy. doi: 10.1080/13501763.2017.1334081
   Google Scholar
• Derkx, B. and Glasbergen, P. (2014) ‘Elaborating global private meta-governance: an inventory in the realm of private sustainability standards’, Global Environmental Change 27: 41–50. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.04.016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiMaggio, P.J. (1983) ‘State expansion and organization fields’, in R.H. Hall and R.E. Quinn (eds), Organization Theory and Public Policy, Beverly Hills: Sage, pp. 147–61.
   Google Scholar
• DiMaggio, P.J. and Powell, W.W. (1983) ‘The iron cage revisited: institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields’, American Sociological Review 48(2): 147–60. doi: 10.2307/2095101
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiMaggio, P.J. and Powell, W.W. (1991a) ‘The iron cage revisited: institutionalized isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields’, in W.W. Powell and P.J. DiMaggio (eds), The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 63–82.
   Google Scholar
• DiMaggio, P.J. and Powell, W.W. (1991b) ‘Introduction’, in W.W. Powell and P.J. DiMaggio (eds), The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 1–40.
   Google Scholar
• Dingwerth, K. and Pattberg, P. (2009) ‘World politics and organizational fields: the case of transnational sustainability governance’, European Journal of International Relations 15(4): 707–43. doi: 10.1177/1354066109345056
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dorado, S. (2005). ‘Institutional entrepreneurship, partaking, and convening’, Organization Studies 26(3): 385–414. doi: 10.1177/0170840605050873
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finnemore, M. and Sikkink, K. (1998) ‘International norm dynamics and political change’, International Organization 52(4): 887–917. doi: 10.1162/002081898550789
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flohr, A., Rieth, L., Schwindenhammer, S. and Wolf, K.D. (2010) The Role of Business in Global Governance. Corporations as Norm-Entrepreneurs, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Fouilleux, E. and Loconto, A. (2017) ‘Voluntary standards, certification, and accreditation in the global organic agriculture field: a tripartite model of techno-politics’, Agriculture and Human Values 34(1): 1–14. doi: 10.1007/s10460-016-9686-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freyer, B. and Bingen, J. (eds) (2015) Re-thinking Organic Food and Farming in a Changing World, Dordrecht: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Friedland, R. and Alford, R.R. (1991) ‘Bringing society back in: symbols, practices, and institutional contradictions’, in W.W. Powell and P.J. DiMaggio (eds), The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 232–63.
   Google Scholar
• Gibbon, P., Lazaro, E. and Ponte, S. (eds) (2010) Global Agro-food Trade and Standards: Challenges for Africa, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• GOMA (2012) ‘Harmonization & Equivalence’, The Newsletter of GOMA 1(2): 1–19.
   Google Scholar
• Greenwood, R. and Suddaby, R. (2006) ‘Institutional entrepreneurship in mature fields: the big five accounting firms’, Academy of Management Journal 49(1): 27–48. doi: 10.5465/AMJ.2006.20785498
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haedicke, M.A. (2016) Organizing Organic. Conflict and Compromise in an Emerging Market, Stanford: Stanford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Halpin, D., Daugbjerg, C. and Schvartzman Y. (2011) ‘Interest-group capacities and infant industry development: state-sponsored growth in organic farming’, International Political Science Review 32(2): 147–66. doi: 10.1177/0192512110372435
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, K. (2008) ‘Institutional balancing and international relations theory: economic interdependence and balance of power strategies in Southeast Asia’, European Journal of International Relations 14(3): 489–518. doi: 10.1177/1354066108092310
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hinings, C. R., Greenwood, R., Reay, T. and Suddaby, R. (2004) ‘Dynamics of change in organizational fields’, in M.S. Poole and A.H. Van de Ven (eds), Handbook of Organizational Change and Innovation, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 304–23.
   Google Scholar
• Howard, S.A. (1940) An Agricultural Testament, London: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kuepper, G. (2010) A Brief Overview of the History and Philosophy of Organic Agriculture, Poteau: Kerr Center for Sustainable Agriculture.
   Google Scholar
• Lynggaard, K. (2007) ‘The institutional construction of a policy field: a discursive institutional perspective on change within the common agricultural policy’, Journal of European Public Policy 14(2): 293–312. doi: 10.1080/13501760601122670
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lytton, T.D. (2013) Kosher. Private Regulation in the Age of Industrial Food, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Maguire, S. (2008) ‘Institutional entrepreneurship’, in S. Glegg and J.R. Bailey (eds), International Encyclopedia of Organization Studies, London: Sage, pp. 674–78.
   Google Scholar
• Mattli, W. (2001) ‘The politics and economics of international institutional standards setting: an introduction’, Journal of European Public Policy 8(3): 328–44. doi: 10.1080/13501760110056004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattli, W. and Woods, N. (2009) ‘In whose benefit? Explaining regulatory change in global politics’, in W. Mattli and N. Woods (eds), The Politics of Global Regulation, Princeton: Princeton University Press, pp. 1–43.
   Google Scholar
• Mintrom, M. and Norman, P. (2009) ‘Policy entrepreneurship and policy change’, Policy Studies Journal 37(4): 649–67. doi: 10.1111/j.1541-0072.2009.00329.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niggli, U., Willer, H. and Baker, B.P. (2016) A Global Vision and Strategy for Organic Farming Research, Frick: Technology Innovation Platform of IFOAM.
   Google Scholar
• Paull, J. (2009) ‘A century of synthetic fertilizer: 1909–2009’, Elementials – Journal of Bio-Dynamics Tasmania 94: 16–21.
   Google Scholar
• Paull, J. (2010) ‘From France to the world: the international federation of organic agriculture movements (IFOAM)’, Journal of Social Research & Policy 1(2): 93–102.
   Google Scholar
• Paull, J. (2011a) ‘The uptake of organic agriculture: a decade of worldwide development’, Journal of Social and Development Sciences 2(3): 111–20.
   Google Scholar
• Paull, J. (2011b) ‘Attending the first organic agriculture course: Rudolf Steiner’s agriculture course at Koberwitz, 1924’, European Journal of Social Sciences 21(1): 64–70.
   Google Scholar
• Paull, J. (2011c) ‘The Betteshanger summer school: missing link between biodynamic agriculture and organic farming’, Journal of Organic Systems 6(2): 13–26.
   Google Scholar
• Ponte, S., Gibbon, P. and Vestergaard, J. (eds) (2011) Governing Through Standards: Origins, Drivers and Limitations, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Reed, M. (2010) Rebels for the Soil. The Rise of the Global Organic Food and Farming Movement, London: Earthscan.
   Google Scholar
• Schlüter, M. and Blake, F. (2009) ‘History of the EU organic regulation and its recent revision’, in IFOAM EU Group (ed.), The New EU Regulation for Organic Food and Farming: (EC) No 834/2007, Brussels: IFOAM, pp. 8–13.
   Google Scholar
• Schmid, O. (2007) ‘Development of standards for organic farming’, in W. Lockeretz (ed.), Organic Farming. An International History, Wallingford: CABI, pp. 152–74.
   Google Scholar
• Schmidt, V.A. (2008) ‘Discursive institutionalism: the explanatory power of ideas and discourse’, Annual Review of Political Science 11: 303–26. doi: 10.1146/annurev.polisci.11.060606.135342
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwindenhammer, S. (2016) ‘Authority pooling and regional organic agriculture standard-setting: evidence from East Africa’, Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning 18(1): 102–20. doi: 10.1080/1523908X.2015.1053109
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott, W.R. (1995) Institutions and Organizations, Thousand Oaks: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Scott, W.R., Ruef, M., Mendel, P.J. and Caronna, C.A. (2000) Institutional Change and Healthcare Organizations: From Professional Dominance to Managed Care, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• UNCTAD, FAO and IFOAM (2012) ‘Let the good products flow! Global organic market access in 2012 and beyond’, Conference Reader, GOMA, Nuremberg, 13–14 February, available at http://www.fao.org/docrep/015/an455e/an455e00.pdf (accessed April 2017).
   Google Scholar
• UNEP and UNCTAD (2010) ‘Organic agriculture: opportunities for promoting trade, protecting the environment and reducing poverty’, UNEP-UNCTAD Capacity Building Task Force Report, Geneva: UNEP.
   Google Scholar
• UNFSS (2016) Working Group on Enhancing Interoperability of VSS, New York: UNFSS, available at http://unfss.org/work-areas/working-groups/working-group-on-enhancing-interoperability-of-vss/ (accessed April 2017).
   Google Scholar
• Wedlin, L. (2006) Ranking Business Schools. Forming Fields, Identities and Boundaries in International Management Education, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Willer, H. and Lernoud, J. (eds) (2017) The World of Organic Agriculture: Statistics and Emerging Trends 2017, Frick: Research Institute of Organic Agriculture.
   Google Scholar
• Wooten, M. and Hoffman, A.J. (2008) ‘Organizational field: past, present and future’, in R. Greenwood, C. Oliver, R. Suddaby and K. Sahlin (eds), The Sage Handbook on Organizational Institutionalism, London: Sage, pp. 130–47.
   Google Scholar
• Young, A.R. (2014) ‘Europe as a global regulator? The limits of EU influence in international food safety standards’, Journal of European Public Policy 21(6): 904–22. doi: 10.1080/13501763.2014.910871
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zito, A.R. (2015). ‘Environmental policy and governance: bringing the state back in (again)?’, in G. Capano, M. Howlett and M. Ramesh (eds), Varieties of Governance. Dynamics, Strategies, Capacities, Basingstoke: Palgrave, pp. 74–100.
   Google Scholar