References
- Aussenministerium Österreich (Austria). (2019). Austrian citizenship and citizenship certificate. Retrieved July 19, 2019, from, https://www.bmeia.gv.at/en/austrian-consulate-general-los-angeles/service-for-citizens/documents-and-authentications/austrian-citizenship/
- Ball, C. (1996). The making of a transnational capitalist society. Harvard International Law Journal, 37, 307.
- Barrell, R., Fitzgerald, J., & Riley, R. (2010). EU enlargement and migration: Assessing the macroeconomic impacts. Journal of Common Market Studies, 48(2), 373–395. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.2009.02056.x
- Bauböck, R. (2014). The three levels of citizenship within the European Union. German Law Journal, 15(5), 751–763. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S207183220001912X
- Bauböck, R. (Ed.). (2019). Debating European citizenship. SpringerOpen.
- Becker, S. O., Fetzer, T., & Novy, D. (2017). Who voted for Brexit? A comprehensive district-level analysis Economic Policy, 32(92), 601–650. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/epolic/eix012
- Bellamy, R. (2008). Evaluating Union citizenship: Belonging, rights and participation within the EU. Citizenship Studies, 12(6), 597–611. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13621020802450676
- Bergmann, J., & Muller, P. (2021). “Failing forward” in the EU’s common security and defense policy: the integration of EU crisis management. Journal of European Public Policy, 28(10), 1669–1687. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2021.1954064
- Blauberger, M., Heindlmaier, A., Kramer, D., Martinsen, D., Thierry, J., Schenk, A., & Werner, B. (2018). ECJ judges read the morning papers. Journal of European Public Policy. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2018.1488880
- British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). (2016a, July 8). Reality check: How many EU nationals live in the UK? http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-uk-leaves-the-eu-36745584
- British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). (2016b, June 24). EU referendum results. https://www.bbc.com/news/politics/eu_referendum/results
- British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). (2019, September 3). What is the EU settlement scheme? https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/46937812
- Brun, A. (2019). A European or a national solution to the democratic deficit? In R. Bauböck (Ed.), Debating European citizenship (pp. 27–29). SpringerOpen.
- Bundesministerium des Innern. (2019). Fragen und Antworten zu Auswirkungen auf die Statusrechte der Bürger im Zusammenhang mit dem Brexit. Retrieved July 19, 2019, from, https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/faqs/DE/themen/migration/brexit/faqs-brexit.html
- Cernic, J. L. (2018). Impact of the European Court of Human Rights on the rule of law in Central and Eastern Europe. Hague Journal of the Rule of Law, 10(1), 111–137. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s40803-018-0074-5
- Churchill, W. (1994). Tragedy of Europe. In A. Nelsen & A. Stubb (Eds.), The European Union (pp. 5–9). Palgrave.
- Colantone, I., & Stanig, P. (2018). Global competition and Brexit. American Political Science Review, 112(2), 201–218. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055417000685
- Conant, L. (2002). Justice contained. Cornell University Press.
- Conant, L. (2021). Court of Justice of the European Union. In A. Newsome, M. Riddervold, & J. Trondal (Eds.), Handbook on EU crisis (pp. 277–295). Palgrave.
- Conant, L., Hofmann, A., Soennecken, D., & Vanhala, L. (2019). Patrolling the boundaries of belonging? In S. Sterett & L. Walker (Eds.), Research handbook on law and courts (pp. 336–350). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788113205
- Council. (2019). Agreement on the withdrawal of the United Kingdom … from the European Union … . Official Journal of the European Union, 62, C-384 I,1.
- Curtice, J. (2017). Why leave won the UK’s EU referendum. Journal of Common Market Studies, 55(S1), 19–37. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12613
- De Gaulle, C. (1971). Europe from Memoirs of Hope. Reproduced in Brent Nelsen and Alexander Stubb (Eds.), (2003) The European Union (3rd ed., pp. 27–44) Lynne Rienner.
- Dennison, J., & Geddes, A. (2018). Brexit and the perils of ‘Europeanised’ migration. Journal of European Public Policy, 25(8), 1137–1153. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2018.1467953
- Dierx, A., & Ilkavitz, F. (2021). EU competition policy: An application of the ‘Failing Forward’ framework. Journal of European Public Policy, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2021.1954063
- Directive 2004/38/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States amending Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 and repealing Directives 90/364/EEC, 90/365/EEC, and 93/96/EEC. Official Journal of the European Community L-158.
- Donnelly, S. (2021). Failing Outward: Power Politics, Regime Complexity, and Failing Forward Under Deadlock. Journal of European Public Policy, 28(10), 1573–1591. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2021.1954062
- EESTI (Estonia). (2019). Estonian citizenship. Retrieved July 19, 2019, from, https://www.koolitus.eesti.ee/en/citizenship-and-documents/citizenship/estonian-citizenship/
- Emmons, C., & Pavone, T. (2021). The rhetoric of inaction: failing to fail forward in the EU's rule of law crisis. Journal of European Public Policy, 28(10), 1611–1629. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2021.1954065
- Eurobarometer. (1992–2019). Retrieved June-July 2019 and August 2020, from https://ec.europa.eu/commfrontoffice/publicopinion/index.cfm/General/index
- European Commission. (2020, December 28). Draft EU-UK trade and cooperation agreement. https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/brexit_files/info_site/tca-20-12-28.pdf
- European Convention on Human Rights. (2010). Council of Europe. https://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/Convention_ENG.pdf
- European Court of Human Rights. (2007). Doyle v United Kingdom No. 30158/06.
- European Court of Human Rights. (2010a). Sitaropoulos and Giakoumopoulos v Greece No. 42202/07.
- European Court of Human Rights. (2010b). Alajos Kiss v Hungary No. 38832/06.
- European Court of Human Rights. (2012). Sitaropoulos and Giakoumopoulos v Greece No. 42202/07.
- European Court of Human Rights. (2013). Shindler v United Kingdom No. 19840/09.
- European Court of Human Rights. (2016). Kulinski and Sabev v Bulgaria No. 63849/09.
- European Court of Justice. (1980). Commission v Belgium C-149/79.
- European Court of Justice. (1998a). Sala C-85/96.
- European Court of Justice. (1998b). Commission v Belgium C-323/97.
- European Court of Justice. (2001). Grzelczyk C-184/99.
- European Court of Justice. (2002). Baumbast C-413/99.
- European Court of Justice. (2004). Trojani C-456/02.
- European Court of Justice. (2005). Bidar C-209/03.
- European Court of Justice. (2006a). Spain v United Kingdom C-145/04.
- European Court of Justice. (2006b). Eman and Sevinger C-300/04.
- European Court of Justice. (2013a). LN C-46/12.
- European Court of Justice. (2013b). Brey C-140/12.
- European Court of Justice. (2014). Dano C-333/13.
- European Court of Justice. (2015a). Alimonovic C-67/14.
- European Court of Justice. (2015b). Delvigne C-650/13.
- European Court of Justice. (2016a). Garcia Pena C-299/14.
- European Court of Justice. (2016b). Commission v United Kingdom C-308/14.
- European Court of Justice. (2017). Erzberger v TUI AG C-566/15.
- European Court of Justice. (2019a). Tjebbes C-221/17.
- European Court of Justice. (2019b). Shindler v Council C-755/18 P.
- European Court of Justice. (2019c). Shindler v Council C-755/18 OST.
- European Court of Justice. (2020). Walker and Others v Parliament and Council C-789/19 P(R).
- European Union. (2020). How to vote from abroad. Retrieved June 2020, from, https://www.european-elections.eu/how-to-vote/from-abroad
- Favell, A. (2008). Eurostars and Eurocities. Blackwell.
- Follesdal, A. (2014). A common European identity for European citizenship? German Law Journal, 15(5), 765–775. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S2071832200019131
- Freudlsperger, C. (2021). Failing Forward in the Common Commercial Policy? Deep Trade and the Perennial Question of EU Competence. Journal of European Public Policy, 28(10), 1650–1668. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2021.1954059
- General Court. (2018). Shindler v Council T-458/17.
- General Court. (2020). Walker and others v Parliament and Council T-383/19.
- Glencross, A. (2016). Why the UK voted for Brexit. Palgrave.
- Hobolt, S. (2016). The Brexit vote: A divided nation, a divided continent. Journal of European Public Policy, 23(9), 1259–1277. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2016.1225785
- Hoffmann, S. (1966). Obstinate or obsolete? Daedalus 95 (3). In B. Nelsen, & A. Stubb, A. (Eds.). (2003) The European Union (3rd ed., pp. 163–177). Lynne Rienner.
- Hooghe, L., & Marks, G. (2009). A postfunctionalist theory of European integration: From permissive consensus to constraining dissensus. British Journal of Political Science, 39(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123408000409
- Howarth, D., & Quaglia, L. (2021). Failing forward in Economic and Monetary Union: explaining weak Eurozone financial support Mechanisms. Journal of European Public Policy, 28(10), 1555–1572. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2021.1954060
- IDEA Voter Turnout Database. Retrieved June 2020, from, https://www.idea.int/data-tools/data/voter-turnout
- Immigration and Naturalisation Service (Netherlands). (2019). Renouncing your current nationality. Retrieved September 5, 2019, from https://ind.nl/en/Pages/Renouncing-your-current-nationality.aspx
- Johnston, N., & White, I. (2017). Overseas voters. House of Commons Library Briefing paper No. 5923. http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/SN05923
- Jones, E., Kelemen, R. D., & Meunier, S. (2016). Failing forward? Comparative Political Studies. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414015617966
- Jones, E., Kelemen, R. D., & Meunier, S. (2021). Introduction. Failing forward? Crises and patterns of European integration. Journal of European Public Policy, 28(10), 1519–1536. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2021.1954068
- Kelemen, R. D. (2012). The political foundations of judicial independence in the European Union. Journal of European Public Policy, 19(1), 43–58. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2012.632127
- Kelemen, R. D. (2020). The European Union’s authoritarian equilibrium. Journal of European Public Policy, 27(3), 481–499. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2020.1712455
- Kostakopoulou, D. (2019). One cannot promote free movement of EU citizens and restrict their political participation. In R. Bauböck (Ed.), Debating European citizenship (pp. 61–67). SpringerOpen.
- Larsson, O., & Naurin, D. (2016). Judicial independence and political uncertainty: How the risk of override affects the Court of Justice of the EU. International Organization, 70(2), 377–408. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818316000047
- Lavenex, S. (2018). ‘Failing forward’ towards which Europe? Organized hypocrisy in the common European asylum system Journal of Common Market Studies, 56(5), 1195–1212. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12739
- Maas, W. (2007). Creating European citizens. Rowman & Littlefield.
- Maas, W. (2014). The origins, evolution, and political objectives of EU citizenship. German Law Journal, 15(5), 797–819. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S2071832200019155
- Martinsen, D. (2015). An ever more powerful court? Oxford University Press.
- Ministry of Justice (Spain). (2015). Tener la doble nacionalidad. Retrieved July 19, 2019, from, https://www.mjusticia.gob.es/cs/Satellite/Portal/en/areas-tematicas/nacionalidad/nacionalidad/tener-doble-nacionalidad
- Morrison, J. (2019). Re-framing free movement in the countdown to Brexit? Shifting UK press portrayals of EU migrants in the wake of the referendum The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 21(3), 594–611. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1369148119851385
- O’Brien, C. (2016). Civis capitalist sum. Common Market Law Review, 53(4), 937–978.
- O’Brien, C. (2017). The ECJ sacrifices EU citizenship in vain. Common Market Law Review, 54(1), 209–244.
- Parker, O. (2017). Critical political economy, free movement and Brexit: Beyond the progressive’s dilemma. The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 19(3), 479–496. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1369148117711082
- Rabinovych, M. (2021). ‘Failing Forward' and the EU Foreign Policy: The Dynamics of ‘Integration without Membership' in the Eastern Neighbourhood. Journal of European Public Policy, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2021.1954066
- Rhodes, M. (2021). ‘Failing forward’: a critique in light of covid-19. Journal of European Public Policy, 28(10), 1537–1554. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2021.1954067.
- Richardson, J. (2017). Brexit: The EU policy-making state hits the populist buffers. The Political Quarterly, 89(1), 118–126. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-923X.12453
- Sadl, U., & Madsen, M. (2016). Did the financial crisis change European citizenship Law? An analysis of citizenship rights adjudication before and after the financial crisis European Law Journal, 22(1), 40–60. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/eulj.12167
- Schmidt, S. (2018). The European Court of Justice & the policy process. Oxford University Press.
- Schmidt, S. (2020). No match made in heaven. Parliamentary sovereignty, EU over-constitutionalization and Brexit. Journal of European Public Policy, 27(5), 779–794. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2020.1733635
- Scipioni, M. (2018). Failing forward in EU migration policy? EU integration after the 2015 asylum and migration crisis Journal of European Public Policy, 25(9), 1357–1375. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2017.1325920
- Shuibhne, N. (2015). Limits rising, duties ascending. Common Market Law Review, 52(4), 889–938.
- Swoboda, H. (2019). Don’t start with Europeans first. In R. Bauböck (Ed.), Debating European citizenship (pp. 55–56). SpringerOpen.
- Thym, D. (2015). The elusive limits of solidarity. Common Market Law Review, 52(1), 17–50.
- Treaty on European Union (TEU). (2016). Consolidated version. Official Journal of the European Union C-202, 1-388.
- Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). Consolidated version. Official Journal of the European Union C-326, 47–390.
- United Kingdom (UK). (2017). EU referendum. https://www.gov.uk/government/topical-events/eu-referendum/about
- Verhofstadt, G.[@guyverhofstadt] (2020, July 4). European citizens should be allowed to vote where they live & pay taxes! Free movement shouldn’t come at a civic [Thumbnail with link attached] [Twitter] Twitter. https://twitter.com/guyverhofstadt/status/1279417607288995841
- Verschueren, H. (2015). Preventing “benefits tourism” in the EU. Common Market Law Review, 52(2), 363–390.
- Vink, M. (2004). The unbearable lightness of European citizenship. Citizenship, Social and Economics Education, 6(1), 24–33. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2304/csee.2004.6.1.24
- Voters without borders. (2020). Full political rights for EU citizens. https://voterswithoutborders.eu/
- Wind, M. (2009). Post-national citizenship in Europe. Columbia Journal of European Law, 15, 239–264.