89
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Debt-for-nature swaps: Potential applications in Nepal

&
Pages 239-255 | Published online: 11 Oct 2010

REFERENCES

  • Chaudhary , R. P. 1998 . Biodiversity in Nepal: Status and Conservation. Know Nepal Series#17. (Bangkok Tecpress Books)
  • Conservation International . 1989 . The Debt for-Nature Exchange: A tool for international conservation. Washington, DC : Conservation International .
  • Deacon , T. R. and Murphy , P. 1997 . The Structure of an Environmental Transaction: The Debt for Nature Swap. . Land Economics , 73 ( 1 ) : 1 – 24 .
  • Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation (DNPWC) . 1998 . Conservation of Endangered Wild Flora and Fauna. Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://south-asia.com/dnpwc/
  • Dogse , P. and von Droste , B. 1990 . Debt-for-Nature Exchanges and Biosphere Reserves: Experiences and Potential, MAB Digest 6. (Paris: UNESCO)
  • George , S. 1992 . The Debt Boomerang: How third world debt affects us all. Boulder, CO : Westview Press .
  • Greener , I. P. 1991 . Debt for nature swaps in Latin American countries: The enforcement dilemma. . Connecticut Journal of International Law , 7 : 123 – 80 .
  • Hamlin , T. B. 1989 . Debt for nature swaps: A new strategy for protecting environmental interests in developing nations. . Ecology Law Quarterly , 16 : 1065 – 88 .
  • Hrynik , T. J. 1990 . Debt-for-Nature Swaps: Effective but not enforceable. . Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law , 22 : 141 – 63 .
  • Human Development Report (HDR) . 1998 . Globalization with a Human Face. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.undp.org.np/keydoc/nhdr98/contents.html
  • International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) . 1996 . World Conservation Monitoring Center. IUCN's Red List of Threatened Animals: Species present in Nepal. Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.iucn.org/places/nepal/i
  • IUCN (World Conservation Union/International Union for Conservation of Nature) . 1995 . National Conservation Strategy (NCS) Nepal. Quarterly Newsletter, Number 3. Retrieved from the Worldwide Web: http://www.iucn.org/places/nepal/
  • King Mahendra Trust for Nature Conservation (KMTNC) . 1997 . Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://south-asia.com/Kingmah
  • Lachman , M. 1989 . Debt-for-Nature Swaps: A case study in transactional negotiation. . Journal of Contemporary Legal Issues , 2 : 139 – 71 .
  • Lovejoy , T. E. 1984 . The New York Times , October 4). Aid Debtor Nations' Ecology., New York
  • Mahony , R. 1992 . Debt-for-Nature Swaps: Who really benefits? . The Ecologist , 22 ( 3 ) : 97 – 103 .
  • Moran , K. 1992 . “ Debt for nature swaps: A response to debt and deforestation in developing countries? ” . In Development or Destruction. Edited by: Downing , T. E. 305 – 16 . Boulder, CO : West View Press .
  • Nepal HDR. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) . 1999 . Nepal Human Development Report 1998 (Nepal HDR 1998). Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.undp.org.np/keydoc/nhdr98/contents.html#top
  • Page , D. 1990 . Debt-for-Nature Swaps: Experience gained, lessons learned. . International Environmental Affairs , 1 ( 4 ) : 275 – 88 .
  • Reilly , W. K. 1990 . Debt-for-Nature Swaps: The time has come. . International Environmental Affairs , 2 ( 2 ) : 134 – 40 .
  • Rumbaugh , T. , Chang , D. and Sumar , E. 1999 . Nepal — Recent Economic Developments. International Monetary Fund (IMF), IMF Staff Country Reports No. 99/18
  • Sadler , R. M. 1990 . Debt for nature swaps: Assessing the future. . Journal of Contemporary Health Law and Policy , 6 : 319 – 41 .
  • Thapa , B. 1998 . Debt for nature swaps: an overview. . International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology , 5 : 249 – 62 .
  • Thapa , B. 2000 . “ The relationship between debt-for-nature swaps and protected area tourism: A plausible strategy for developing countries. ” . In Proceedings of the 1999 Wilderness Science in a Time of Change Conference Edited by: McCool , S. , Cole , D. , Borrie , W. and O'Loughlin , J. 268 – 72 . Rocky Mountain Research Station, US Department of Agriculture .
  • Upadhyaya , S. 1995 . Born to be wild: Conserving Nepalese Wildlife World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Country Profiles : Nepal . Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.wwfnepal.org.np/
  • Upreti , B. N. 1996 . Transboundary Protected Areas: Issues and Opportunities. WWF Nepal Program. Report Series #28. Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.wwfnepal.org.np/
  • UNCSD (United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development) . 1997 . Natural resource aspects of sustainable development in Nepal. Biodiversity. Nepal's submission to the 5th Session of the Commission on Sustainable Development. Retrieved from World Wide Web: http://www.un.org/esa/agenda21/natlinfo/countr/nepal/
  • UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) . 1998a . Nepal: Community-based biodiversity conservation (Background and Description (of Project areas). Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.UNDP.org.np/pub/ppp/bio-consrv/chapl.htm
  • UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) . 1998b . Nepal: Four paths to n better future. Working With the people of Nepal. Managing the environment and natural resources. Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.undp.org.np/news.htm
  • UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) . 1998c . Nepal. Annual Review. Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.undp.org.np/prog/arvw98/review98.htm
  • UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) . 1996 . Nepal: Annual Development Cooperation Report (DCR). Natural Resources. Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.undp.org.np/prog/arvw98/review98.htm
  • USFRD (United States Federal Research Division) . 1991 . Neal: Country Studies. Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/nptoc.html
  • Wagner , R. B. 1990 . Doing More with Debt-for-Nature Swaps. . International Environmental Affairs , 2 ( 2 ) : 160 – 6 .
  • WBN (World Bank in Nepal) . 1998 . Nepal Overview: Development Challenges. Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.worldbank.org.np/
  • WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature) . 1996a . Nepal Program. Country Profile. Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.wwfnepal.org.np/
  • WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature) . 1996b . A history of WWF. Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.wwfnepal.org.np/
  • WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature) . 1996c . Biological Significance. Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.wwfnepal.org.np/

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.