4,255
Views
45
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Role of ecotourism in environmental conservation and socioeconomic development in Annapurna conservation area, Nepal

, &
Pages 251-258 | Received 03 Nov 2014, Accepted 30 Dec 2014, Published online: 10 Feb 2015

References

  • Acharya BP, Halpenny EA. 2013. Homestays as an alternative tourism product for sustainable community development: a case study of women managed tourism product in rural Nepal. Tour Plann Dev. 10:367–387.
  • Adhikari YP, Fischer A. 2010. Trend analysis and purpose of use of some important plant and animal species of Ghandruk VDC, Nepal. Our Nat. 8:122–130.
  • Adhikari YP, Fischer A. 2011. Tourism: boon for forest conservation, livelihood, and community development in Ghandruk VDC, Western Nepal. The Initiation. 4:35–45.
  • Akbulak C, Cengiz T. 2014. Determining ecotourism strategies using A’WOT hybrid method: case study of Troia Historical National Park, Canakkale, Turkey. Int J Sustain Dev World Ecol. 21:380–388.
  • Amati C. 2013. We all voted for it: experiences of participation in community-based ecotourism from the foothills of Mt Kilimanjaro. J East Afr Stud. 7:650–670.
  • Baral N, Stern MJ, Hammett AL. 2012. Developing a scale for evaluating ecotourism by visitors: a study in the Annapurna conservation area, Nepal. J Sustain Tour. 20:975–989.
  • Bhusal NP. 2007. Chitwan National Park: a prime destination of eco-tourism in Central Tarai Region, Nepal. The Third Pole. 5:70–75.
  • Bin L, Suocheng D, Mei X. 2008. Ecotourism model and benefits of Periphery Regions in Western Sichuan Province. Chin J Popul Resour Environ. 6:80–86.
  • Boxill I, Severin FO. 2004. An exploratory study of tourism development and its impact on the Caribs of Dominica. Int J Hospit Tour Admin. 5:1–27.
  • Cao H, Tang M, Deng H, Dong R. 2014. Analysis of management effectiveness of natural reserves in Yunnan Province, China. Int J Sustain Dev World Ecol. 21:77–84.
  • CBS. 2012. National population and housing census 2011. Kathmandu: Central Bureau of Statistics.
  • Chan JKL, Baum T. 2007. Ecotourists’ perception of ecotourism experience in lower Kinabatangan, Sabah, Malaysia. J Sustain Tour. 15:574–590.
  • Cheung LTO, Jim CY. 2013. Ecotourism service preference and management in Hong Kong. Int J Sustain Dev World Ecol. 20:182–194.
  • Cheung LTO, Jim CY. 2014. Expectations and willingness-to-pay for ecotourism services in Hong Kong’s conservation areas. Int J Sustain Dev World Ecol. 21:149–159.
  • Clifton J, Benson A. 2006. Planning for sustainable ecotourism: the case for research ecotourism in developing country destinations. J Sustain Tour. 14:238–254.
  • Coghlan A. 2012. Linking natural resource management to tourist satisfaction: a study of Australia’s Great Barrier Reef. J Sustain Tour. 20:41–58.
  • Cusack D, Dixon L. 2006. Commimity-based ecotourism and sustainability. J Sustain For. 22:157–182.
  • Das N, Syiemlieh HJ. 2009. Ecotourism in wetland ecology. Anatolia Int J Tour Hosp Res. 20:445–450.
  • Dicken ML. 2010. Socio-economic aspects of boat-based ecotourism during the sardine run within the Pondoland Marine Protected Area, South Africa. Afr J Mar Sci. 32:405–411.
  • Dowling RK. 2000. Global ecotourism at the start of the new millennium. World Leis J. 42:11–19.
  • Duffy R. 2008. Neoliberalising nature: global networks and ecotourism development in Madagasgar. J Sustain Tour. 16:327–344.
  • Farooq SU, Khan Z, Ullah Z, Shahid SM. 2012. The impact of tourism on local livelihood’ a case study of Galliyat, District Abbotabad. Eur J Sci Res. 68:10.
  • Gallagher AJ, Hammerschlag N. 2011. Global shark currency: the distribution, frequency, and economic value of shark ecotourism. Curr Iss Tour. 14:797–812.
  • Gezon LL. 2014. Who wins and who loses? Unpacking the local people concept in ecotourism: a longitudinal study of community equity in Ankarana, Madagascar. J Sustain Tour. 22:821–838.
  • Guha I, Ghosh S. 2007. Does tourism contribute to local livelihoods? A case study of tourism, poverty and conservation in the Indian Sundarbans. 978-9937-8015-2-2. Kathmandu: South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics (SANDEE).
  • Hawkins DE. 2004. A protected areas ecotourism competitive cluster approach to catalyse biodiversity conservation and economic growth in Bulgaria. J Sustain Tour. 12:219–244.
  • K.C. Anup, Thapa Parajuli RB. 2014a. Climate change and its impact on tourism in the Manaslu conservation area, Nepal. Tour Plann Dev. 12:225–237.
  • K.C. Anup, Thapa Parajuli RB. 2014b. Tourism and its impact on livelihood in Manaslu conservation area, Nepal. Environ Dev Sustain. 16:1053–1063.
  • Kelkit A, Ozel AE, Demirel O. 2005. A study of the Kazdagi (Mt. Ida) National Park: an ecological approach to the management of tourism. Int J Sustain Dev World Ecol. 12:141–148.
  • Lacher RG, Nepal SK. 2010. From leakages to linkages: local-level strategies for capturing tourism revenue in Northern Thailand. Tour Geogr Int J Tour Space Place Environ. 12:77–99.
  • Maikhuri RK, Rana U, Rao KS, Nautiyal S, Saxena KG. 2000. Promoting ecotourism in the buffer zone areas of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve: an option to resolve people—policy conflict. Int J Sustain Dev World Ecol. 7:333–342.
  • Musa G, Hall CM, Higham JES. 2004. Tourism sustainability and health impacts in high altitude adventure, cultural and ecotourism destinations: a case study of Nepal’s Sagarmatha National Park. J Sustain Tour. 12:306–331.
  • Nath TK, Alauddin. 2006. Sitakunda Botanical Garden and Eco-park, Chittagong, Bangladesh: its impacts on a rural community. Int J Biodiver Sci Ecosyst Serv Manage. 2:1–11.
  • Nepal SK. 1997. Sustainable tourism, protected areas and livelihood needs of local communities in developing countries. Int J Sustain Dev World Ecol. 4:123–135.
  • Nepal SK. 2007. Ecotourists’ importance and satisfaction ratings of accommodation-related amenities. Anatolia Int J Tour Hosp Res. 18:255–276.
  • Okello MM. 2005. A survey of tourist expectations and economic potential for a proposed wildlife sanctuary in a Maasai group ranch near Amboseli, Kenya. J Sustain Tour. 13:566–589.
  • Ormsby A, Mannle K. 2006. Ecotourism benefits and the role of local guides at Masoala National Park, Madagascar. J Sustain Tour. 14:271–287.
  • Ramasamy R, Swamy A. 2012. Global warming, climate change and tourism: a review of literature. Cultur (Special Issue: Sustainability, Tourism and Environment in The Shift of A Millennium: A Peripheral View). 6:72–98.
  • Rana E. 2008. An option for carbon finance and its impacts on livelihoods of forest users in Nepal, a case study from a community forest in Dhading, Nepal. Master thesis submitted to School of Forest Science and Resource Management, Technische Universitat, Munichen, Freising, Germany.
  • Rayamajhi S. 2012. Linkage between tourism and climate change: a study of the perceptions of stakeholders along the Annapurna trekking trail. Nepal Tour Dev Rev. 2:60–86.
  • Schellhorn M. 2010. Development for whom? Social justice and the business of ecotourism. J Sustain Tour. 18:115–135.
  • Sherpa Y. 2006. Mountain tourism: a boon or a bane? Impacts of tourism on Himalayan women. Kathmandu: Federation of Women Entrepreneurs Association of Nepal.
  • Shi L, Zhao H, Li Y, Ma H, Yang S, Wang H. 2014. Evaluation of Shangri-La County’s tourism resources and ecotourism carrying capacity. Int J Sustain Dev World Ecol. 1–7.
  • Silva G, McDill ME. 2004. Barriers to ecotourism supplier success: a comparison of agency and business perspectives. J Sustain Tour. 12:289–305.
  • Sindiga I. 1999. Alternative tourism and sustainable development in Kenya. J Sustain Tour. 7:108–127.
  • Singh TV, Singh S. 2004. On bringing people and park together through ecotourism: the Nanda Devi National Park, India. Asia Pac J Tour Res. 9:43–55.
  • Stem CJ, Lassoie JP, Lee DR, Deshler DJ. 2003. How eco is ecotourism? A comparative case study of ecotourism in Costa Rica. J Sustain Tour. 11:322–347.
  • Sukhdev P, Stone S, Nuttall N. 2010. Green economy, developing countries success stories. St-Martin-Bellevue: United Nation Environment Programme (UNEP)
  • Tyler D, Dangerfield JM. 1999. Ecosystem tourism: a resource-based philosophy for ecotourism. J Sustain Tour. 7:146–158.
  • UNEP. 2013. Tourism: trends, challenges and opportunities. Green Economy and Trade. United Nations Environment Programme; p. 259–291. [cited 2014 Sep 15]. Available from: http://www.unep.org/greeneconomy/GreenEconomyandTrade
  • UNWTO. 2007. Tourism will contribute to solutions for global climate change and poverty callenges. Berlin: United Nation World Trade Organisation Press and Communications Department.
  • Upadhayaya PK, Müller-Boker U, Sharma SR. 2011. Tourism amidst armed conflict: consequences, copings, and creativity for peace-building through tourism in Nepal. J Tour Peace Res. 1:22–40.
  • Winson A. 2006. Ecotourism and sustainability in cuba: does socialism make a difference? J Sustain Tour. 14:6–23.
  • Zambrano AMA, Broadbent EN, Durham WH. 2010. Social and environmental effects of ecotourism in the Osa Peninsula of Costa Rica: The Lapa Rios case. J Ecotour. 9:62–83.
  • Zhao J, Jia H. 2008. Strategies for the sustainable development of Lugu Lake region. Int J Sustain Dev World Ecol. 15:71–79.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.