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Applied Economics Letters Volume 7, 2000 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

Economic factors in the choice of an early form of capital: draught animals in early twentieth century South Africa

Kyle D. Kauffman
Pages 69-71 | Published online: 06 Oct 2010

References

  • Anderson , W. S. and Hooper , J. J. 1917 . American jack stock and mule production , Lexington, KY : University of Kentucky .
  • Bundy , C. 1988 . The Rise and Fall of the South African Peasantry , second edition , London : James Currey .
  • Evans , J. W. 1981 . Horses , New York : Freeman .
  • Galassi , F. L. and Kauffman , K. D. 1997 . The economics of draft animal choice in Italian agriculture: A principal agent approach to the adoption of an early form of capital . Journal of European Economic History , 26 : 375 – 395 .
  • Jeeves , A. H. and Crush , J. 1997 . White Farms, Black Labour: The State and Agrarian Change in Southern Africa, 1910–1950 , Pietermaritzburg : University of Natal Press .
  • Kauffman , K. D. 1996 . Why was the mining mule not a horse? The control of agency problems in American mines . Research in Economic History , 16 : 85 – 102 .
  • Kauffman , K. D. 1993 . Why was the mule used in southern agriculture? Empirical evidence of principal-agent solutions . Explorations in Economic History , 30 : 336 – 351 .
  • Kauffman , K. D. 1992 . A note on technology choice in a principal-agent framework: The case of mules and horses in American southern agriculture . Economics Letters , 38 : 233 – 235 .
  • Keegan , T. J. 1986 . Rural Transformations in Industrializing South Africa: The Southern Highveld to 1914 , Braamfontein : Raven Press .
  • Lamb , R. B. 1963 . The Mule in Southern Agriculture , Berkeley : University of California Press .
  • Liebowitz , J. J. 1992 . The persistence of draft oxen in western agriculture . Material History Review , 36 : 29 – 36 .
  • Transvaal Department of Agriculture . Annual Report of the Director of Agriculture, 1904–1905 , Pretoria : Government Printing and Stationery Office .
  • United States Department of Agriculture . 1923 . Farmers bulletin No. 1341, mule production Washington, DC
  • Wilson , F. 1971 . “ Farming, 1866–1966 ” . In The Oxford History of South Africa, Vol. II, South Africa 1870–1966 , Edited by: Wilson , M. and Thompson , L. Oxford : Clarendon Press .

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