Export-led growth and the Japanese economy: evidence from VAR and directed acyclic graphs

References

• Afxentiou , PC and Serletis , A . 1991 . Exports and GNP causality in the industrial countries: 1950–1985 . Kyklos , 44 : 67 – 79 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Awokuse , TO . 2003 . Is the export-led growth hypothesis valid for Canada? . Canadian Journal of Economics , 36 : 126 – 36 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Awokuse , TO and Bessler , DA . 2003 . Vector autoregression, policy analysis, and directed graphs: an application to the U.S. economy . Journal of Applied Economics , 6 : 1 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Balassa , B . 1978 . Exports and economic growth: further evidence . Journal of Development Economics , 5 : 181 – 9 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben-David , D and Loewy , MB . 1998 . Free-trade, growth, and convergence . Journal of Economic Growth , 3 : 143 – 70 .
   Google Scholar
• Bernanke , B . 1986 . Alternative explanations of the money-income correlation . Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy , 25 : 49 – 100 .
   Google Scholar
• Bessler , DA and Jian , Y . 2003 . The structure of interdependence in international stockmarkets . Journal of International Money and Finance , 22 : 261 – 87 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bessler , DA and Loper , N . 2001 . Economic development: evidence from directed graphs . Manchester School , 69 : 457 – 76 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boltho , A . 1996 . Was Japanese growth export-led? . Oxford Economic Papers , 48 : 415 – 32 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buffie , E . 1992 . On the condition for export-led growth . Canadian Journal of Economics , 25 : 211 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen , EKY . 1979 . Hyper-Growth in Asian Economies , London : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Dolado , JJ and Lutkepohl , H . 1996 . Making Wald test work for cointegrated VAR systems . Econometrics Review , 15 : 369 – 86 .
   Google Scholar
• Ghartey , EE . 1993 . Causal relationship between exports and economic-growth – some empirical evidence in Taiwan, Japan and the United-States . Applied Economics , 25 : 1145 – 52 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giles , JA . 2002 . “ Testing for two-step Granger noncausality in trivariate VAR models ” . In Handbook of Applied Econometrics and Statistical Inference , Edited by: Ullah , A , Wan , A and Chaturvedi , A . 371 – 99 . New York : Marcel Dekker . (Eds)
   Google Scholar
• Giles , JA and Williams , CL . 2000 . Export-led growth: a survey of the empirical literature and some non-causality results, Part 1 . Journal of International Trade and Economic Development , 9 : 261 – 337 .
   Google Scholar
• Grabowski , R , Sharma , SC and Dhakal , D . 1990 . Exports and the Japanese economic development . Economics Letters , 32 : 127 – 32 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granger , CWJ . 1980 . Testing causality: a personal viewpoint . Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control , 23 : 29 – 52 .
   Google Scholar
• Hannan , EJ and Quinn , BG . 1979 . The determination of the order of an autoregression . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society B , 41 : 190 – 95 .
   Google Scholar
• Hausman , JA . 2003 . Triangular structural model specification and estimation with application to causality . Journal of Econometrics , 112 : 107 – 13 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hatemi-J , A . 2002 . Export performance and economic growth nexus in Japan: a bootstrap approach . Japan and the World Economy , 14 : 25 – 33 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayami , Y . 2001 . Development Economics, , 2nd edn , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Helpman , E and Krugman , P . 1985 . Market Structure and Foreign Trade , Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hoover , KD . 2001 . Causality in Macroeconomics , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lutkepohl , H . 1982 . Non-causality due to omitted variables . Journal of Econometrics , 19 : 367 – 78 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marin , D . 1992 . Is the export-led growth hypothesis valid for industrialized countries? . Review of Economics and Statistics , 74 : 678 – 88 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearl , J . 1995 . Causal diagrams for empirical research . Biometrika , 82 : 669 – 710 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearl , J . 2000 . Causality , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ram , R . 1987 . Exports and economic growth in developing countries . Economic Development and Cultural Change , 36 : 51 – 72 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards , DG . 2001 . Exports as a determinant of long-run growth in Paraguay, 1966–96 . Journal of Development Studies , 38 : 128 – 46 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheines , R , Spirtes , P , Glymour , C and Meek , C . 1994 . TETRAD II: User's Manual and Software , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Schwarz , G . 1978 . Estimating the dimension of a model . Annals of Statistics , 6 : 461 – 4 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma , SC , Norris , NM and Chung , DW . 1991 . Exports and economic growth in industrialized countries . Applied Economics , 23 : 697 – 707 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheehey , EJ . 1992 . Exports and growth: additional evidence . Journal of Development Studies , 28 : 730 – 34 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shinohara , M . 1975 . On the evaluation of the 360-Yen exchange rate . Japanese Economic Studies , 4 : 3 – 22 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spirtes , P , Glymour , C and Scheines , R . 2000 . Causation, Prediction, and Search , Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Swanson , NR and Granger , CWJ . 1997 . Impulse response functions based on a causal approach to residual orthogonalization in vector autoregressions . Journal of the American Statistical Association , 92 : 357 – 67 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toda , HY and Yamamoto , T . 1995 . Statistical inference in vector autoregression with possibly integrated processes . Journal of Econometrics , 66 : 225 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilbur , WL and Haque , MZ . 1992 . An investigation of the export expansion hypothesis . Journal of Development Studies , 28 : 297 – 313 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamada , H . 1998 . A note on the causality between export and productivity . Economics Letters , 61 : 111 – 14 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar