2,122
Views
85
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

You look where I look! Effect of gaze cues on overt and covert attention in misdirection

, &
Pages 925-944 | Published online: 05 Aug 2009

References

  • Abrams , R. A. and Christ , S. E. 2003 . Motion onset captures attention . Psychological Science , 14 ( 5 ) : 427 – 432 .
  • Birmingham , E. , Bischof , W. F. and Kingstone , A. 2008a . Gaze selection in complex social scenes . Visual Cognition , 16 ( 2/3 ) : 341 – 356 .
  • Birmingham , E. , Bischof , W. F. and Kingstone , A. 2008b . Social attention and real world scenes: The roles of action, competition, and social content . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 61 ( 7 ) : 986 – 999 .
  • Birmingham , E. , Bischof , W. F. and Kingstone , A. 2009 . Get real! Resolving the debate about equivalent social stimuli . Visual Cognition , 17 ( 6/7 ) : 904 – 924 .
  • Brockmole , J. R. and Henderson , J. M. 2005 . Object appearance, disappearance, and attention prioritization in real-world scenes . Psychonomic Bulletin and Review , 12 ( 6 ) : 1061 – 1067 .
  • Buswell , G. T. 1935 . How people look at pictures , Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
  • Carmi , R. and Itti , L. 2006 . Visual causes versus correlates of attentional selection in dynamic scenes . Vision Research , 46 ( 26 ) : 4333 – 4345 .
  • Castelhano , M. S. , Wieth , M. S. and Henderson , J. M. 2007 . “ I see what you see: Eye movements in real-world scenes are affected by perceived direction of gaze ” . In Attention in cognitive systems , Edited by: Paletta , L. and Rome , E. 252 – 262 . Berlin : Springer .
  • Cole , G. G. and Kuhn , G. 2009 . Appearance matters: Attentional orienting by new objects in the precuing paradigm . Visual Cognition , 17 ( 5 ) : 755 – 776 .
  • Cole , C. G. , Kuhn , G. and Liversedge , S. P. 2007 . Onset of illusory figures attenuates change blindness . Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , 14 ( 5 ) : 939 – 943 .
  • Cole , G. G. and Liversedge , S. L. 2006 . Change blindness and the primacy of object appearence . Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , 13 : 588 – 593 .
  • Driver , J. , Davies , M. , Ricciardelli , P. , Kidd , P. , Maxwell , E. and Baron-Cohen , S. 1999 . Gaze perception triggers reflective visuospatial orienting . Visual Cognition , 6 ( 5 ) : 509 – 540 .
  • Dukewich , K. R. and Klein , R. M. 2008 . The effect of gaze on gaze direction while looking at art . Psychonomic Bulletin and Review. , 15 ( 6 ) : 1141 – 1147 .
  • Ehinger , K. , Hidalgo-Sotelo , B. , Torralba , A. and Oliva , A. 2009 . Modeling search for people in 900 scenes: A combined source model of eye guidance . Visual Cognition , 17 ( 6/7 ) : 945 – 978 .
  • Einhauser , W. , Rutishauser , U. and Koch , C. 2008 . Task-demands can immediately reverse the effects of sensory-driven saliency in complex visual stimuli . Journal of Vision , 8 ( 2 ) : 1 – 19 .
  • Fletcher-Watson , S. , Findlay , J. M. , Leekam , S. R. and Benson , V. 2008 . Rapid detection of person information in a naturalistic scene . Perception , 37 ( 4 ) : 571 – 583 .
  • Franconeri , S. L. , Hollingworth , A. and Simons , D. J. 2005 . Do new objects capture attention? . Psychological Science , 16 ( 4 ) : 275 – 281 .
  • Franconeri , S. L. and Simons , D. J. 2003 . Moving and looming stimuli capture attention . Perception and Psychophysics , 65 : 999 – 1010 .
  • Friesen , C. K. and Kingstone , A. 1998 . The eyes have it! Reflexive orienting is triggered by nonpredictive gaze . Psychonomic Bulletin and Review , 5 ( 3 ) : 490 – 495 .
  • Friesen , C. K. , Ristic , J. and Kingstone , A. 2004 . Attentional effects of counterpredictive gaze and arrow cues . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 30 ( 2 ) : 319 – 329 .
  • Frischen , A. , Bayliss , A. P. and Tipper , S. P. 2007 . Gaze cueing of attention: Visual attention, social cognition, and individual differences . Psychological Bulletin , 133 ( 4 ) : 694 – 724 .
  • Henderson , J. M. 2003 . Human gaze control during real-world scene perception . Trends in Cognitive Science , 7 ( 11 ) : 498 – 504 .
  • Hommel , B. , Pratt , J. , Colzato , L. and Godijn , R. 2001 . Symbolic control of visual attention . Psychological Science , 12 ( 5 ) : 360 – 365 .
  • Itti , L. and Koch , C. 2001 . Computational modelling of visual attention . Nature Reviews Neuroscience , 2 ( 3 ) : 194 – 203 .
  • Kanan , C. , Tong , M. H. , Zhang , L. and Cottrell , G. W. 2009 . SUN: Top-down saliency using natural statistics . Visual Cognition , 17 ( 6/7 ) : 979 – 1003 .
  • Kingstone , A. , Smilek , D. and Eastwood , J. D. 2008 . Cognitive ethology: A new approach for studying human cognition . British Journal of Psychology , 99 : 317 – 340 .
  • Kuhn , G. , Amlani , A. A. and Rensink , R. A. 2008 . Towards a science of magic . Trends in Cognitive Sciences , 12 ( 9 ) : 349 – 354 .
  • Kuhn , G. and Benson , V. 2007 . The influence of eye-gaze and arrow pointing distractor cues on voluntary eye movements . Perception and Psychophysics , 69 ( 6 ) : 966 – 971 .
  • Kuhn , G. , & Findlay , J. M. in press . Misdirection, attention and awareness: Inattentional blindness reveals temporal relationship between eye movements and visual awareness . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology . Advance online publication. Retrieved May 19, 2009. doi:10.1080/17470210902846757
  • Kuhn , G. and Kingstone , A. 2009 . Look away! Eyes and arrows engage oculomotor responses automatically . Perception and Psychophysics , 71 ( 2 ) : 314 – 327 .
  • Kuhn , G. and Land , M. F. 2006 . There's more to magic than meets the eye . Current Biology , 16 ( 22 ) : R950 – R951 .
  • Kuhn , G. and Tatler , B. W. 2005 . Magic and fixation: Now you don't see it, now you do . Perception , 34 ( 9 ) : 1155 – 1161 .
  • Kuhn , G. , Tatler , B. W. , Findlay , J. M. and Cole , G. G. 2008 . Misdirection in magic: Implications for the relationship between eye gaze and attention . Visual Cognition , 16 ( 2–3 ) : 391 – 405 .
  • Lamont , P. and Wiseman , R. 1999 . Magic in theory , Hartfield, , UK : Hermetic Press .
  • Macknik , S. L. , King , M. , Randi , J. , Robbins , A. , Teller Thompson , J. 2008 . Attention and awareness in stage magic: Turning tricks into research . Nature Reviews Neuroscience , 9 ( 11 ) : 871 – 879 .
  • Mansfield , E. M. , Farroni , T. and Johnson , M. H. 2003 . Does gaze perception facilitate overt orienting? . Visual Cognition , 10 ( 1 ) : 7 – 14 .
  • Posner , M. I. 1980 . Orienting of attention . Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 32 : 3 – 25 .
  • Rensink , R. A. 2002 . Change detection . Annual Review of Psychology , 53 : 245 – 277 .
  • Ricciardelli , P. , Bricolo , E. , Aglioti , S. M. and Chelazzi , L. 2002 . My eyes want to look where your eyes are looking: Exploring the tendency to imitate another individual's gaze . Neuroreport , 13 ( 17 ) : 2259 – 2264 .
  • Sharpe , S. 1988 . Conjurers psychological secrets , Calgary, AB : Hades Publications .
  • Smilek , D. , Birmingham , E. , Cameron , D. , Bischof , W. and Kingstone , A. 2006 . Cognitive ethology and exploring attention in real-world scenes . Brain Research , 1080 : 101 – 119 .
  • Tatler , B. W. 2007 . The central fixation bias in scene viewing: Selecting an optimal viewing position independently of motor biases and image feature distributions . Journal of Vision , 7 ( 14 ) : 1 – 17 .
  • Tatler , B. W. and Kuhn , G. 2007 . “ Don't look now: The magic of misdirection ” . In Eye movements: A window on mind and brain , Edited by: van Gompel , R. P. G. , Fischer , M. H. , Murray , W. S. and Hill , R. L. 697 – 714 . Oxford, , UK : Elsevier .
  • Tatler , B. W. and Vincent , B. T. 2009 . The prominence of behavioural biases in eye guidance . Visual Cognition , 17 ( 6/7 ) : 1029 – 1054 .
  • Tipples , J. 2002 . Eye gaze is not unique: Automatic orienting in response to uninformative arrows . Psychonomic Bulletin and Review , 9 ( 2 ) : 314 – 318 .
  • Tse , P. U. 2004 . Mapping visual attention with change blindness: New directions for a new method . Cognitive Science , 28 ( 2 ) : 241 – 258 .
  • Underwood , G. , Foulsham , T. and Humphrey , K. 2009 . Saliency and scan patterns in the inspection of real-world scenes: Eye movements during encoding and recognition . Visual Cognition , 17 ( 6/7 ) : 812 – 834 .
  • Wolfe , J. M. and Horowitz , T. S. 2004 . What attributes guide the deployment of visual attention and how do they do it? . Nature Reviews Neuroscience , 5 ( 6 ) : 495 – 501 .
  • Yantis , S. and Jonides , J. 1990 . Abrupt visual onsets and selective attention—Voluntary versus automatic allocation . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 16 ( 1 ) : 121 – 134 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.