Infants recognize identity in a dynamic facial animation that simultaneously changes its identity and expression

References

• Ambadar, Z., Schooler, J. W., & Cohn, J. F. (2005). Deciphering the enigmatic face: The importance of facial dynamics in interpreting subtle facial expressions. Psychological Science, 16, 403–410 doi: 10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.01548.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baudouin, J. Y., Durand, K., & Gallay, M. (2008). Selective attention to facial identity and emotion in children. Visual Cognition, 16, 933–952. doi: 10.1080/13506280701728990
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baudouin, J. Y., Martin, F., Tiberghien, G., Verlut, I., & Franck, N. (2002). Selective attention to facial emotion and identity in schizophrenia. Neuropsychologia, 40, 503–511. doi: 10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00114-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biotti, F., & Cook, R. (2016). Impaired perception of facial emotion in developmental prosopagnosia. Cortex, 81, 126–136. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.04.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bornstein, H. M., & Arterberry, E. M. (2003). Recognition, discrimination and categorization of smiling by 5-month-old infants. Developmental Science, 6, 585–599. doi: 10.1111/1467-7687.00314
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brenna, V., Proietti, V., Montirosso, R., & Turati, C. (2013). Positive, but not negative, facial expressions facilitate 3-month-olds’ recognition of an individual face. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 37, 137–142. doi: 10.1177/0165025412465363
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruce, V., & Young, A. (1986). Understanding face recognition. British Journal of Psychology, 77, 305–327. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1986.tb02199.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calder, J. A. (2011). Does facial identity and facial expression recognition involve separate visual routes? In A. J. Calder, G. Rhodes, & M. Johnson (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of face perception (pp. 427–448). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Calder, A. J., & Young, A. W. (2005). Understanding the recognition of facial identity and facial expression. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 6, 641–651. doi: 10.1038/nrn1724
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, J., & Burke, D. (2009). Evidence that identity-dependent and identity-independent neural populations are recruited in the perception of five basic emotional facial expressions. Vision Research, 49, 1532–1540. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2009.03.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caron, A. J., Caron, R. F., & MacLean, D. J. (1988). Infant discrimination of naturalistic emotional expressions: The role of face and voice. Child Development, 59, 604–616. doi: 10.2307/1130560
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cunningham, D. W., & Wallraven, C. (2009). Dynamic information for the recognition of conversational expressions. Journal of Vision, 9, 1–17. doi:10.1167/9.13.7.Introduction doi: 10.1167/9.13.7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobel, C., Geiger, L., Bruchmann, M., Putsche, C., Schweinberger, S. R., & Junghöfer, M. (2008). On the interplay between familiarity and emotional expression in face perception. Psychological Research, 72, 580–586. doi: 10.1007/s00426-007-0132-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esteves, F., & Ohman, A. (1993). Masking the face: Recognition of emotional facial expressions as a function of the parameters of backward masking. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 34, 1–18. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.1993.tb01096.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farroni, T., Menon, E., Rigato, S., & Johnson, M. H. (2007). The perception of facial expressions in newborns. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 4, 2–13. doi: 10.1080/17405620601046832
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox, C. J., Moon, S. Y., Iaria, G., & Barton, J. J. S. (2009). The correlates of subjective perception of identity and expression in the face network: An fMRI adaptation study. NeuroImage, 44, 569–580. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.09.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox, C. J., Oruç, İ., & Barton, J. J. S. (2008). It doesn’t matter how you feel. The facial identity aftereffect is invariant to changes in facial expression. Journal of Vision, 8(3), 11, 1–13. doi:10.1167/8.3.11.Introduction doi: 10.1167/8.3.11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganel, T., & Goshen-Gottstein, Y. (2004). Effects of familiarity on the perceptual integrality of the identity and expression of faces: The parallel-route hypothesis revisited. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 30, 583–597. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.30.3.583
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganel, T., Valyear, K. F., Goshen-Gottstein, Y., & Goodale, M. a. (2005). The involvement of the “fusiform face area” in processing facial expression. Neuropsychologia, 43, 1645–1654. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.01.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garner, W. R. (1976). Interaction of stimulus dimensions in concept and choice processes. Cognitive Psychology, 8, 98–123. doi: 10.1016/0010-0285(76)90006-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gobbini, M. I., & Haxby, J. V. (2007). Neural systems for recognition of familiar faces. Neuropsychologia, 45, 32–41. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.04.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ichikawa, H., Kanazawa, S., & Yamaguchi, M. K. (2014). Infants recognize the subtle happiness expression. Perception, 43, 235–248. doi: 10.1068/p7595
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ichikawa, H., & Yamaguchi, M. K. (2014). Infants’ recognition of subtle anger facial expression. Japanese Psychological Research, 56, 15–23. doi: 10.1111/jpr.12025
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamachi, M., Bruce, V., Mukaida, S., Gyoba, J., Yoshikawa, S., & Akamatsu, S. (2001). Dynamic properties influence the perception of facial expressions. Perception, 30, 875–887. doi: 10.1068/p3131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knappmeyer, B., Thornton, I. M., & Bülthoff, H. H. (2003). The use of facial motion and facial form during the processing of identity. Vision Research, 43, 1921–1936. doi: 10.1016/S0042-6989(03)00236-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lander, K., & Metcalfe, S. (2007). The influence of positive and negative facial expressions on face familiarity. Memory (Hove, England), 15, 63–69. doi: 10.1080/09658210601108732
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leleu, A., Caharel, S., Carré, J., Montalan, B., Afrani-Jones, A., Vom Hofe, A., … Rebaï, M. (2012). Asymmetric switch-costs and ERPs reveal facial identity dominance over expression. Acta Psychologica, 139, 492–500. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2012.01.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leleu, A., Caharel, S., Carré, J., Montalan, B., Snoussi, M., Vom Hofe, A., … Rebaï, M. (2010). Perceptual interactions between visual processing of facial familiarity and emotional expression: An event-related potentials study during task-switching. Neuroscience Letters, 482, 106–111. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.07.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ludemann, P. M. (1991). Generalized discrimination of positive facial expressions by seven- and ten-month-old infants. Child Development, 62, 55–67. doi: 10.2307/1130704
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ludemann, P. M., & Nelson, C. A. (1988). Categorical representation of facial expressions by 7-month-old infants. Developmental Psychology, 24, 492–501. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.24.4.492
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mondloch, C. J., Geldart, S., Maurer, D., & Le Grand, R. (2003). Developmental changes in face processing skills. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 86, 67–84. doi: 10.1016/S0022-0965(03)00102-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, C. A., & Dolgin, K. G. (1985). The generalized discrimination of facial expressions by 7-month-old infants. Child Development, 56, 58–61. doi: 10.2307/1130173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, C. A., Morse, P. A., & Leavitt, L. A. (1979). Recognition of facial expressions by seven-month-old infants. Child Development, 50, 1239–1242. doi: 10.2307/1129358
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Toole, A. J., Roark, D. a., Abdi, H., & Toole, A. J. O. (2002). Recognizing moving faces: A psychological and neural synthesis. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6, 261–266. doi: 10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01908-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Otsuka, Y., Konishi, Y., Kanazawa, S., Yamaguchi, M. K., Abdi, H., & O’Toole, A. J. (2009). Recognition of moving and static faces by young infants. Child Development, 80, 1259–1271. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01330.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pascalis, O., de Schonen, S., Morton, J., Deruelle, C., & Fabre-Grenet, M. (1995). Mother’ s face recognition by neonates: A replication and an extension. Infant Behavior and Development, 18, 79–85. doi: 10.1016/0163-6383(95)90009-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pell, P. J., & Richards, A. (2013). Overlapping facial expression representations are identity-dependent. Vision Research, 79, 1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2012.12.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakuta, Y., Sato, K., Kanazawa, S., & Yamaguchi, M. K. (2014). The effect of eye size on discriminating faces: Can infants recognize facial uncanniness? Japanese Psychological Research, 56, 331–339. doi: 10.1111/jpr.12057
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato, W., Kochiyama, T., Yoshikawa, S., Naito, E., & Matsuyama, M. (2004). Enhanced neural activity in response to dynamic facial expressions of emotion: An fMRI study. Cognitive Brain Research, 20, 81–91. doi: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.01.008
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schwarzer, G., & Jovanovic, B. (2010). The relationship between processing facial identity and emotional expression in 8-month-old infants. Infancy, 15, 28–45. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-7078.2009.00004.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schweinberger, S. R., Burton, a. M., & Kelly, S. W. (1999). Asymmetric dependencies in perceiving identity and emotion: Experiments with morphed faces. Perception & Psychophysics, 61, 1102–1115. doi: 10.3758/BF03207617
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schweinberger, S. R., & Soukup, G. R. (1998). Asymmetric relationships among perceptions of facial identity, emotion, and facial speech. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24, 1748–1765.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoesz, B. M., & Jakobson, L. S. (2013). A sex difference in interference between identity and expression judgments with static but not dynamic faces. Journal of Vision, 13(5), 26, 1–14. doi: 10.1167/13.5.26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsuruhara, A., Sawada, T., Kanazawa, S., Yamaguchi, M. K., & Yonas, A. (2009). Infant’s ability to form a common representation of an object’s shape from different pictorial depth cues: A transfer-across-cues study. Infant Behavior and Development, 32, 468–475. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2009.09.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turati, C., Macchi Cassia, V., Simion, F., & Leo, I. (2006). Newborns’ face recognition : Role of inner and outer facial features. Child Development, 77, 297–311. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00871.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turati, C., Montirosso, R., Brenna, V., Ferrara, V., & Borgatti, R. (2011). A smile enhances 3-month-olds’ recognition of an individual face. Infancy, 16, 306–317. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-7078.2010.00047.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallis, G., & Bülthoff, H. H. (2001). Effects of temporal association on recognition memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98, 4800–4804. doi: 10.1073/pnas.071028598
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Y., Fu, X., Johnston, R. A., & Yan, Z. (2013). Discriminability effect on Garner interference : Evidence from recognition of facial identity and expression. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 1–11. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00943
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wild-Wall, N., Dimigen, O., & Sommer, W. (2008). Interaction of facial expressions and familiarity: ERP evidence. Biological Psychology, 77, 138–149. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.10.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willenbockel, V., Sadr, J., Fiset, D., Horne, G. O., Gosselin, F., & Tanaka, J. W. (2010). Controlling low-level image properties: The SHINE toolbox. Behavior Research Methods, 42, 671–684. doi: 10.3758/BRM.42.3.671
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamashita, W., Kanazawa, S., Yamaguchi, M. K., & Initiative, D. (2011). Infant learning ability for recognizing artificially-produced three-dimensional faces and objects. Journal of Vision, 11(6), 9. 1–11. doi: 10.1167/11.6.9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshikawa, S., & Sato, W. (2008). Dynamic facial expressions of emotion induce representational momentum. Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience, 8, 25–31. doi: 10.3758/CABN.8.1.25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar