Unfamiliar faces might as well be another species: Evidence from a face matching task with human and monkey faces

References

• Alvergne, A., Huchard, E., Caillaud, D., Charpentier, M. J., Setchell, J. M., Ruppli, C., Raymond, M. (2009). Human ability to recognize kin visually within primates. International Journal of Primatology, 30(1), 199–210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10764-009-9339-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andraszewicz, S., Scheibehenne, B., Rieskamp, J., Grasman, R., Verhagen, J., & Wagenmakers, E. J. (2015). An introduction to Bayesian hypothesis testing for management research. Journal of Management, 41(2), 521–543. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206314560412
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernstein, M. J., Young, S. G., & Hugenberg, K. (2007). The cross-category effect: Mere social categorization is sufficient to elicit an own-group bias in face recognition. Psychological Science, 18(8), 706–712. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01964.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruce, V. (1994). Stability from variation: The case of face recognition the M.D. Vernon memorial lecture. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 47(1), 5–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640749408401141
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruce, V., Henderson, Z., Newman, C., & Burton, A. M. (2001). Matching identities of familiar and unfamiliar faces caught on CCTV images. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 7(3), 207–218. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-898X.7.3.207
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burton, A. M. (2013). Why has research in face recognition progressed so slowly? The importance of variability. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 66(8), 1467–1485. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2013.800125
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burton, A. M., White, D., & McNeill, A. (2010). The Glasgow face matching test. Behavior Research Methods, 42(1), 286–291. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.42.1.286
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burton, A. M., Wilson, S., Cowan, M., & Bruce, V. (1999). Face recognition in poor-quality video: Evidence from security surveillance. Psychological Science, 10(3), 243–248. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00144
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark, L., Butler, K., Ritchie, K. L., & Maréchal, L. (2020). The importance of first impression judgements in interspecies interactions. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56847-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis, J. P., & Valentine, T. (2009). CCTV on trial: Matching video images with the defendant in the dock. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 23(4), 482–505. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.1490
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diamond, R., & Carey, S. (1986). Why faces are and are not special: An effect of expertise. Journal of Experimental Psyhcology General, 115(2), 107–117. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.115.2.107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dufour, V., Coleman, M., Campbell, R., Petit, O., & Pascalis, O. (2004). On the species-specificity of face recognition in human adults. Current Psychology of Cognition, 22, 315–333.
   Google Scholar
• Dufour, V., & Petit, O. (2009). Recognition of monkey faces by monkey experts. Journal of Ethnology, 28, 231–238. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10164-009-0174-8
   Google Scholar
• Fuller, E. A., Majolo, B., Flack, T. R., & Ritchie, K. L. (2021). The importance of out-group characteristics for the own-group face memory bias. Visual Cognition, 29(4), 263–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2021.1905125
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fysh, M. C., & Bindemann, M. (2018). The Kent face matching test. British Journal of Psychology, 109(2), 219–231. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12260
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham, D. L., & Ritchie, K. L. (2019). Making a spectacle of yourself: The effect of glasses and sunglasses on face perception. Perception, 48(6), 461–470. https://doi.org/10.1177/0301006619844680
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JASP Team. (2020). JASP (Version 0.14) [Computer software].
   Google Scholar
• Jenkins, R., White, D., Van Montfort, X., & Burton, A. M. (2011). Variability in photos of the same face. Cognition, 121(3), 313–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2011.08.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Longmore, C. A., Liu, C. H., & Young, A. W. (2008). Learning faces from photographs. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 34(1), 77–100. https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.34.1.77
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Longmore, C. A., Santos, I. M., Silva, C. F., Hall, A., Faloyin, D., & Little, E. (2017). Image dependency in the recognition of newly learnt faces. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 70(5), 863–873. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2016.1236825
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malpass, R. S., & Kravitz, J. (1969). Recognition for faces of own and other race. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 13(4), 330–334. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0028434
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthews, C. M., Davis, E. E., & Mondloch, C. J. (2018). Getting to know you: The development of mechanisms underlying face learning. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 167, 295–313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2017.10.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Megreya, A. M., & Burton, A. M. (2006). Unfamiliar faces are not faces: Evidence from a matching task. Memory & Cognition, 34(4), 865–876. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193433
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy, J., Ipser, A., Gaigg, S., & Cook, R. (2015). Exemplar variance supports robust learning of facial identity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 41(3), 577–581. https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000049
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noyes, E., Davis, J. P., Petrov, N., Gray, K. L., & Ritchie, K. L. (2021). The effect of face masks and sunglasses on identity and expression recognition with super-recognizers and typical observers. Royal Society Open Science, 8(3), 201169. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201169
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pascalis, O., & Bachevalier, J. (1998). Face recognition in primates: A cross-species study. Behavioural Processes, 43(1), 87–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-6357(97)00090-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pascalis, O., de Haan, M., & Nelson, C. A. (2002). Is face processing species-specific during the first year of life? Science, 296(5571), 1321–1323. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1070223
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pascalis, O., Demont, E., de Haan, M., & Campbell, R. (2001). Recognition of faces of different species: A developmental study between 5 and 8 years of age. Infant and Child Development: An International Journal of Research and Practice, 10(1-2), 39–45. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.245
   Google Scholar
• Pascalis, O., & Kelly, D. J. (2009). The origins of face processing in humans: Phylogeny and ontogeny. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(2), 200–209. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01119.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pascalis, O., Scott, L. S., Kelly, D. J., Shannon, R. W., Nicholson, E., Coleman, M., & Nelson, C. A. (2005). Plasticity of face processing in infancy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102(14), 5297–5300. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0406627102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phelps, M. T., & Roberts, W. A. (1994). Memory for pictures of upright and inverted primate faces in humans (Homo sapiens), squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus), and pigeons (Columba livia). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 108(2), 114–125. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7036.108.2.114
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritchie, K. L., & Burton, A. M. (2017). Learning faces from variability. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 70(5), 897–905. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2015.1136656
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritchie, K. L., Mireku, M. O., & Kramer, R. S. S. (2020). Face averages and multiple images in a live matching task. British Journal of Psychology, 111(1), 92–102. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12388
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritchie, K. L., Smith, F. G., Jenkins, R., Bindemann, M., White, D., & Burton, A. M. (2015). Viewers base estimates of face matching accuracy on their own familiarity: Explaining the photo-ID paradox. Cognition, 141, 161–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2015.05.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson, D. J., Black, J., Chamberlain, B., Megreya, A. M., & Davis, J. P. (2020). Super-recognisers show an advantage for other race face identification. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 34(1), 205–216. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3608
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Susa, K. J., Gause, C. A., & Dessenberger, S. J. (2019). Matching faces to ID photos: The influence of motivation on cross-race identification. Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice, 15(1), 86–96. http://www.apcj.org/journal/index.php?mode=view&item=151
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ueno, M., Yamamoto, H., Yamada, K., & Itakura, S. (2021). Individual recognition of monkey (Macaca fuscata) and human (Homo sapiens) images in primatologists. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 135(3), 394–405. https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000285
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White, D., Guilbert, D., Varela, V. P., Jenkins, R., & Burton, A. M. (2022). GFMT2: a psychometric measure of face matching ability. Behavior Research Methods, 54(1), 252–260. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01638-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White, D., Kemp, R. I., Jenkins, R., Matheson, M., & Burton, A. M. (2014). Passport officers’ errors in face matching. PLoS ONE, 9(8), e103510. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103510
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young, A. W., & Burton, A. M. (2018). Are we face experts? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 22(2), 100–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2017.11.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar