Bibliography
- American Psychological Association. The Road to Resilience. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2014.
- American Institute of Architects. Architectural Graphic Standards. 12th ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2016.
- Bermeo, Nancy. “Reflections: Can American Democracy Still be Saved?” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 681, no. 1 (2019): 228–234. doi:10.1177%2F0002716218818083.
- Boese, Vanessa, Scott Gates, Carl-Hendrik Knutsen, Harvard Nygård, and Harvard Strand. “Visualizing Authority Patterns over Space and Time.” V-Dem Working Paper 96 (2020).
- Boese, Vanessa A., Amanda B. Edgell, Sebastian Hellmeier, Seraphine F. Maerz, and Staffan I. Lindberg. “How Democracies Prevail: Democratic Resilience as a Two-Stage Process.” Democratization 5 (2021). doi:10.1080/13510347.2021.1891413.
- Burnell, Peter, and Peter Calvert. “The Resilience of Democracy: An Introduction.” Democratization 6, no. 1 (1999): 1–32. doi:10.1080/13510349908403594.
- Cheibub, José Antonio, Zachary Elkins, and Tom Ginsburg. “Beyond Presidentialism and Parliamentarism.” British Journal of Political Science 44, no. 3 (2014): 515–544. doi:10.1017/S000712341300032X.
- Cornell, Agnes, Jørgen Møller, and Svend-Erik Skaaning. Democratic Stability in an Age of Crisis: Reassessing the Interwar Period. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020.
- Costa Pinto, António, and Conceição Pequito Teixeira. “Portugal Before and After the ‘Great Recession’: A Resilient Democracy?” In Political Institutions and Democracy in Portugal: Assessing the Impact of the Eurocrisis, edited by António Costa Pinto, and Conceição Pequito Teixeira, 1–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019.
- Dahl, Robert A. A Preface to Democratic Theory. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1956.
- Dahl, Robert A. Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition. Connecticut: Yale UP, 1971.
- Diamond, Larry. Ill Winds: Saving Democracy from Russian Rage, Chinese Ambition, and American Complacency. New York: Penguin, 2019.
- Diamond, Larry. “Democratic Regression in Comparative Perspective: Scope, Methods, and Causes.” Democratization 28, no. 1 (2021): 22–42.
- Easton, David. A System Analysis of Political Life. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc, 1965.
- Finkel, Steven E., and Junghyun Lim. “The Supply and Demand Model of Civic Education: Evidence from a Field Experiment in the Democratic Republic of Congo.” Democratization 5 (2020). doi:10.1080/13510347.2020.1843156.
- Gerschewski, Johannes. “Explanations of Institutional Change: Reflecting on a Missing Diagonal.” American Political Science Review 115 (2021): 218–233. doi:10.1017/S0003055420000751
- Goertz, Gary. Social Science Concepts. Princeton: PUC, 2006.
- Guasti, Petra. “Populism in Power and Democracy: Democratic Decay and Resilience in the Czech Republic.” Politics and Governance 8, no. 4S3 (2020): 473–484. doi:10.17645/pag.v8i4.3420.
- Huntington, Samuel P. The Third Wave. Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century. Oklahoma: Oklahoma University Press, 1991.
- Jones, Clive. “Israel’s Democracy at Fifty: From Resilience to Residue?” Democratization 6, no. 1 (1999): 155–178. doi:10.1080/13510349908403601.
- Keane, John. “Monitory Democracy?” In The Future of Representative Democracy, edited by Sonia Alonso, John Keane, and Wolfgang Merkel, 212–235. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2011. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511770883.010
- Keane, John. The New Despotisms. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 2020.
- Kelsen, Hans. Allgemeine Staatslehre. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 1925.
- Krause, Werner, and Wolfgang Merkel. “Crisis of Democracy? Views of Experts and Citizens.” In Democracy and Crisis. Challenges in Turbulent Times, edited by Wolfgang Merkel and Sascha Kneip, 31–47. Cham: Springer, 2018.
- Laebens, Melisa, and Anna Lührmann. “What Halts Democratic Erosion? The Changing Role of Accountability.” Democratization 5 (2021). doi:10.1080/13510347.2021.1897109.
- Levitsky, Steve, and Daniel Ziblatt. How Democracies Die. New York: Penguin, 2018.
- Linz, Juan, and Alfred Stepan. Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America and Post-Communist Europe. Baltimore: JHU-Press, 1996.
- Linz, Juan. “The Perils of Presidentialism.” Journal of Democracy 1, no. 1 (1990): 51–69. . muse.jhu.edu/article/225694.
- Linz, Juan. The Breakdown of Democratic Regimes: Crisis, Breakdown & Reequilibration. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978.
- Kolvani, Palina, Martin Lundstedt, Seraphine F. Maerz, Anna Lührmann, Jean Lachapelle, Sandra Grahn, and Amanda B. Edgell. “Pandemic Backsliding: Democracy and Disinformation Seven Months into the Covid-19 Pandemic.” V-Dem Policy Brief 25 (2020). https://www.v-dem.net/en/publications/briefing-papers/.
- Lührmann, Anna, Marcus Tannenberg, und Staffan I. Lindberg. 2018. “Regimes of the World (RoW): Opening New Avenues for the Comparative Study of Political Regimes.” Politics and Governance 6 (1): 1–18.
- Lührmann, Anna, und Staffan I. Lindberg. 2019. “A Third Wave of Autocratization is Here: What is New about It?” Democratization 26 (7): 1095-1113.
- Maerz, Seraphine F., Amanda Edgell, Matthew C. Wilson, Sebastian Hellmeier, and Staffan I. Lindberg. “A Framework for Understanding Regime Transformation: Introducing the ERT Dataset.” V-Dem Working Paper 113 (2021). doi:10.2139/ssrn.3781485
- Maletz, Donald J. “: Tocqueville on Mores and the Preservation of Republics.” American Journal of Political Science 49, no. 1 (2005): 1–15.
- McCarthy, Ian P, Mark Collard, and Michael Johnson. “Adaptive Organizational Resilience: An Evolutionary Perspective.” Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 28 (2017): 33–40. doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2017.07.005.
- McCoy, Jennifer, and Murat Somer. “Toward a Theory of Pernicious Polarization and How It Harms Democracies: Comparative Evidence and Possible Remedies.” The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 681, no. 1 (2019): 234–271.
- McCoy, Jennifer, and Murat Somer, eds. “Special Issue on Polarized Polities: A Global Threat to Democracy.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 681, no. 1 (2019): 8–271.
- Meerow, Sara, Joshua P. Newell, and Melissa Stults. “Defining Urban Resilience: A Review.” Landscape and Urban Planning 147 (2016): 38–49.
- Meléndez, Carlos, and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser. “Negative Partisanship Towards the Populist Radical Right and Democratic Resilience in Western Europe.” Democratization 5 (2021). doi:10.1080/13510347.2021.1883002.
- Merkel, Wolfgang. “The Consolidation of Post-Autocratic Democracies: A Multi-Level Model.” Democratization 5, no. 3 (1998): 33–67. doi:10.1080/13510349808403572.
- Merkel, Wolfgang. “Embedded and Defective Democracies.” Democratization 11, no. 5 (2004): 33–58. doi:10.1080/13510340412331304598.
- Merkel, Wolfgang. “Who Governs in Deep Crises? The Case of Germany.” Democratic Theory 7, no. 2 (2020): 1–11. doi:10.3167/dt.2020.070202.
- Merkel, Wolfgang and Kneip, Sascha, eds. Democracy and Crisis. Challenges in Turbulent Times. Cham: Springer, 2018.
- Merkel, Wolfgang, and Werner Krause. “Krise der Demokratie? Ansichten von Experten und Bürgern.” In Demokratie und Krise. Zum schwierigen Verhältnis von Theorie und Empirie, edited by Wolfgang Merkel, 45–65. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 2015.
- Mitra, Subrata Kumar, and Mike Enskat. “Parties and the People: India's Changing Party System and the Resilience of Democracy.” Democratization 6, no. 1 (1999): 123–154. doi:10.1080/13510349908403600.
- Morlino, Leonardo. Democracy Between Consolidation and Crisis. Oxford: OUP, 1998.
- Morlino, Leonardo. “Democratic Consolidation.” In The Handbook of Political, Social, and Economic Transformation, edited by Wolfgang Merkel, Raj Kollmorgen, and Han-Jürgen Wagener, 459–464. Oxford: OUP, 2019.
- Morlino, Leonardo, Mario Quaranta, Marianne Kneuer, Brigitte Geissel, and Hans-Joachim Lauth. “What is the Impact of the Economic Crisis on Democracy? Evidence from Europe.” IPSR 37, no. 5 (2016): 618–633. doi:10.1177%2F0192512116639747
- Nohlen, Dieter. El Contexto Hace la Diferencia: Reformas Institucionales y el Enfoque Histórico-empírico. México: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas: Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial de la Federación, 2003.
- Norris, Pippa, and Ronald Inglehart. Cultural Backlash: Trump, Brexit, and Authoritarian Populism. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2019.
- O’Donnell, Guillermo. “Horizontal Accountability in New Democracies.” Journal of Democracy 9, no. 3 (1998): 112–126. doi:10.1353/jod.1998.0051.
- O’Donnell, Guillermo, Philippe C. Schmitter, and Lawrence Whitehead. Transitions from Authoritarian Rule. Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore: JHU-Press, 1986.
- Petrarca, Constanza Sanhueza, Heiko Giebler, and Bernhard Weßels. “Support for Insider Parties: The Role of Political Trust in a Longitudinal-Comparative Perspective.” Party Politics (2020). doi:10.1177/1354068820976920
- Przeworski, Adam. Crises of Democracy. Cambridge: CUP, 2019.
- Przeworski, Adam, Michael E. Alvarez, José Antonio Cheibub, and Fernando Limongi. Democracy and Development. Political Institutions and Well-Being in the World, 1950–1990. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2000.
- Rueschemeyer, Dietrich. Usable Theory: Analytical Tools for Social and Political Research. Princeton: PUC, 2009.
- Sartori, Giovanni. Parties and Party Systems: A Framework for Analysis. Cambridge: CUP, 1976.
- Schäfer, Armin, and Michael Zürn. Die Demokratische Regression. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 2021.
- Scharpf, Fritz W. Games Real Actors Play. New York: Routledge, 1997.
- Schmitt, Carl. The Concept of the Political, 1932. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1996.
- Schmotz, Alexander. “Hybrid Regimes.” In Handbook of Political, Social, and Economic Transformation, edited by Wolfgang Merkel, Raj Kollmorgen, and Hans-Jürgen Wagener, 521–525. Oxford: OUP, 2019.
- Somer, Murat, Jennifer McCoy and Russell Evan Luke IV. “Pernicious Polarization, Autocratization and Opposition Strategies.” Democratization 5 (2021). doi:10.1080/13510347.2020.1865316.
- Smith, Jeffrey, and Nic Cheeseman. “Authoritarians Are Exploiting the Coronavirus. Democracies Must Not Follow Suit.” Foreign Policy, April 28, 2020. https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/04/28/authoritarians-exploiting-coronavirus-undermine-civil-liberties-democracies/.
- Svolik, Milan. “Polarization versus Democracy.” Journal of Democracy 30, no. 3 (2019): 20–32. doi:10.1353/jod.2019.0039.
- Teo, Victor. Japan's Arduous Rejuvenation as a Global Power: Democratic Resilience and the US-China Challenge. Singapore: Springer Nature, 2019.
- Tocqueville, Alexis de. Über die Demokratie in America [Democracy in America], 1835. Stuttgart: Reclam, 1985.
- Urbinati, Nadia. Democracy Disfigured: Opinion, Truth, and the People. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 2014.
- Welzel, Christian. “Democratic Horizons: What Value Change Reveals about the Future of Democracy.” Democratization 5 (2021). doi:10.1080/13510347.2021.1883001.