Religious complexity: theorizing multiple religious trends

References

• Ammerman, Nancy T. 2014. Sacred Stories, Spiritual Tribes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Barbalet, Jack, Adam Possamai, and Bryan S. Turner, eds. 2012. Religion and the State. London: Anthem.
   Google Scholar
• Beckford, James A. 2008. Social Theory and Religion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Beckford, James A. 2010. “The Return of Public Religion? A Critical Assessment of a Popular Claim.” Nordic Journal of Religion and Society 23 (2): 121–136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berger, Peter L. 1967. The Sacred Canopy. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
   Google Scholar
• Berger, Peter L., ed. 1999. The Desecularization of the World. Grand Rapids, MI: The Ethics and Public Policy Center and Eerdmans.
   Google Scholar
• Berger, Peter L., Grace Davie, and Effie Fokas. 2008. Religious America, Secular Europe? Aldershot: Ashgate.
   Google Scholar
• Boudon, Raymond. 1981. The Logic of Social Action: An Introduction to Sociological Analysis. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
   Google Scholar
• Bruce, Steve. 2001. “The Curious Case of the Unnecessary Recantation: Berger and Secularization.” In Peter L. Berger and the Study of Religion, edited by Linda Woodhead, with Paul Heelas and David Martin, 87–100. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Bruce, Steve. 2002. God is Dead. Oxford: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Bruce, Steve. 2003. “The Social Process of Secularization.” In The Blackwell Companion to Sociology of Religion, edited by Richard K. Fenn, 249–263. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Bruce, Steve. 2011. Secularization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bruce, Steve. 2013. “Post-Secularity and Religion in Britain: An Empirical Assessment.” Journal of Contemporary Religion 28 (3): 369–384.
   Google Scholar
• Byrne, David. 2005. “Complexity, Configurations and Cases.” Theory, Culture & Society 22 (5): 95–111.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byrne, David, and Gill Callaghan. 2014. Complexity Theory and the Social Sciences. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Byrnes, Timothy A., and Peter J. Katzenstein, eds. 2006. Religion in an Expanding Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Calhoun, Craig, Eduardo Mendieta, and Jonathan VanAntwerpen, eds. 2013. Habermas and Religion. Cambridge: Polity.
   Google Scholar
• Casanova, José. 1994. Public Religions in the Modern World. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Casanova, José. 2002. “Civil Society and Religion: Retrospective Reflections on Catholicism and Prospective Reflections on Islam.” Social Research 68 (4): 1041–1080.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casanova, José. 2006. “Religion, European Secular Identities, and European Integration.” In Religion in an Expanding Europe, edited by Timothy A. Byrnes and Peter J. Katzenstein, 65–92. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Casanova, José. 2013. “Exploring the Postsecular: Three Meanings of ‘the Secular’ and their Possible Transcendence.” In Habermas and Religion, edited by Craig Calhoun, Eduardo Mendieta, and Jonathan VanAntwerpen, 27–48. Cambridge: Polity.
   Google Scholar
• Cesari, Jocelyne, and Sean McLoughlin, eds. 2005. European Muslims and the Secular State. Aldershot: Ashgate.
   Google Scholar
• Chaves, Mark. 1994. “Secularization as Declining Religious Authority.” Social Forces 72 (3): 749–774.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaves, Mark. 2011. American Religion: Contemporary Trends. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Davie, Grace. 1994. Religion in Britain since 1945. Oxford: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Davie, Grace. 2000. Religion in Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Davie, Grace. 2002. Europe: The Exceptional Case. London: Darton, Longman and Todd.
   Google Scholar
• Davie, Grace. 2015. Religion in Britain: A Consistent Paradox. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Dillon, Michele. 1999. “The Authority of the Holy Revisited: Habermas, Religion and the Emancipatory Possibilities.” Sociological Theory 17 (3): 290–306.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobbelaere, Karel. 1981. “Secularization: A Multi-dimensional Concept.” Current Sociology 29 (2): 1–216.
   Google Scholar
• Dobbelaere, Karel. 2002. Secularization. Brussels: Peter Lang.
   Google Scholar
• Dobbelaere, Karel. 2009. “The Meaning and Scope of Secularization.” In Oxford Handbook of the Sociology of Religion, edited by Peter B. Clarke, 599–615. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ferrari, Silvio, and Sabrina Pastorelli, eds. 2012. Religion in Public Spaces. Aldershot: Ashgate.
   Google Scholar
• Furseth, Inger, ed. 2018. Religious Complexity in the Public Sphere: Comparing Nordic Countries. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Fink, Simon. 2008. “Politics as Usual or Bringing Religion Back in? The Influence of Parties, Institutions, Economic Interests, and Religion on Embryo Research Laws.” Comparative Political Studies 41 (12): 1631–1656.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox, Jonathan. 2007. “Do Democracies have Separation of Religion and State?” Canadian Journal of Political Science 40 (1): 1–25.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glendinning, Tony, and Steve Bruce. 2011. “Privatization or Deprivatization: British Attitudes about the Public Presence of Religion.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 50 (3): 503–516.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorski, Philip S. 2003. “Historicizing the Secularization Debate: An Agenda for Research.” In Handbook of the Sociology of Religion, edited by Michele Dillon, 110–122. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gorski, Philip S., and Ates Altinordu. 2008. “After Secularization?” Annual Review of Sociology 34: 55–85.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorski, Philip S., David Kyuman Kim, John Torpey, and Jonathan VanAntwerpen, eds. 2012. The Post-secular in Question. New York: New York University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gustafsson, Göran. 1987. “Religious Change in the Five Scandinavian Countries, 1930–1980.” Comparative Social Research 10: 145–181.
   Google Scholar
• Habermas, Jürgen. 2006. “Religion in the Public Sphere.” European Journal of Philosophy 14 (1): 1–25.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Habermas, Jürgen. 2008. “Notes on Post-secular Society.” New Perspectives Quarterly 25 (4): 17–29.
   Google Scholar
• Habermas, Jürgen. 2013. “Reply to my Critics.” In Habermas and Religion, edited by Craig Calhoun, Eduardo Mendieta, and Jonathan VanAntwerpen, 347–390. Cambridge: Polity.
   Google Scholar
• Heelas, Paul, and Linda Woodhead, with Benjamin Seel, Bronislaw Szerszynski, and Karin Tusting. 2005. The Spiritual Revolution. Oxford: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Herbert, David. 2011. “Theorizing Religion and Media in Contemporary Societies: An Account of Religious ‘Publicization’.” European Journal of Cultural Studies 14 (6): 626–648.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hjelm, Titus. 2015. Is God Back? London: Bloomsbury.
   Google Scholar
• Hout, Michael, and Claude S. Fischer. 2014. “Explaining Why More Americans Have No Religious Preference: Political Backlash and Generational Succession, 1987–2012.” Sociological Science 1: 423–447.
   Google Scholar
• Human, Oliver, and Paul Cilliers. 2013. “Towards an Economy of Complexity: Derrida, Morin and Bataille.” Theory, Culture & Society 30 (5): 24–44.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lechner, Frank J. 1991. “The Case against Secularization: A Rebuttal.” Social Forces 69 (4): 1103–1119.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lefebvre, Solange, and Lori G. Beaman, eds. 2014. Religion in the Public Sphere. Toronto: Toronto University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Levy, David L. 2000. “Applications and Limitations of Complexity Theory in Organization Theory and Strategy.” Public Administration and Public Policy 79: 67–88.
   Google Scholar
• Lima, Maria Herrera. 2013. “The Anxiety of Contingency: Religion in a Secular Age.” In Habermas and Religion, edited by Craig Calhoun, Eduardo Mendieta, and Jonathan VanAntwerpen, 49–71. Cambridge: Polity.
   Google Scholar
• Little, Adrian. 2012. “Political Action, Error and Failure: The Epistemological Limits of Complexity.” Political Studies 60: 3–19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luckmann, Thomas. 1967. The Invisible Religion. New York: Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Maguire, Steve, and Bill McKelvey. 1999. “Complexity and Management: Moving from Fad to Firm Foundations.” Emergence 1 (2): 19–60.
   Google Scholar
• Mahoney, James, and Kathleen Thelen, eds. 2009. Explaining Institutional Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, David. 1978. A General Theory of Secularization. New York: Harper & Row.
   Google Scholar
• Marty, Martin E. 1998. “Revising the Map of American Religion.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 558: 13–27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGuire, Meredith. 2008. Lived Religion: Faith and Practice in Everyday Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• McKelvey, Bill. 1999. “Complexity Theory in Organization Science: Seizing the Promise or Becoming a Fad?” Emergence 1 (1): 5–32.
   Google Scholar
• Merton, Robert K. 1936. “The Unanticipated Consequences of Purposive Social Action.” American Sociological Review 1 (6): 894–904.
   Google Scholar
• Mendieta, Eduardo, and Jonathan VanAntwerpen, eds. 2011. The Power of Religion in the Public Sphere. New York: Columbia University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Minkenberg, Michael. 2008. “Religious Legacies, Churches, and the Shaping of Immigration Policies in the Age of Religious Diversity.” Politics and Religion 1: 349–383.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norris, Pippa, and Ronald Inglehart. 2011. Sacred and Secular. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nynäs, Peter, Mika Lassander, and Terhi Utriainen, eds. 2012. Post-secular Society. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
   Google Scholar
• Paley, John, and Gail Eva. 2010. “Complexity Theory as an Approach to Explanation in Healthcare: A Critical Discussion.” International Journal of Nursing Studies 48: 269–279.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pew Research Center. 2012. “‘Nones’ on the Rise.” Accessed 8 February 2021. http://www.pewforum.org/2012/10/09/nones-on-the-rise
   Google Scholar
• Pierson, Paul. 2004. Politics in Time. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Putnam, Robert D., and David E. Campbell. 2010. American Grace: How Religion Divides and Unites Us. New York: Simon & Schuster.
   Google Scholar
• Roof, Wade Clark. 1999. Spiritual Marketplace. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Stolz, Jörg, Judith Könemann, Mallory Schneuwly Purdie, Thomas Englberger, and Michael Krüggler. 2016. (Un)believing in Modern Society. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Theurer, Kari L. 2014. “Complexity-based Theories of Emergence: Criticisms and Constraints.” International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 28 (3): 277–301.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thrift, Nigel. 1999. “The Place of Complexity.” Theory, Culture & Society 16 (3): 31–69.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tschannen, Olivier. 1991. “The Secularization Paradigm: A Systematization.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 30 (4): 395–415.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urry, John. 2005. “The Complexity Turn.” Theory, Culture & Society 22 (5): 1–14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voas, David. 2009. “The Rise and Fall of Fuzzy Fidelity in Europe.” European Sociological Review 25 (2): 155–168.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voas, David, and Steve Bruce. 2007. “The Spiritual Revolution: Another False Dawn for the Sacred.” In A Sociology of Spirituality, edited by Kieran Flanagan and Peter C. Jupp, 43–62. Aldershot: Ashgate.
   Google Scholar
• Voas, David, and Mark Chaves. 2016. “Is the United States a Counterexample to the Secularization Thesis?” American Journal of Sociology 121 (5): 1517–1556.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voas, David, and Alasdair Crockett. 2005. “Religion in Britain: Neither Believing nor Belonging.” Sociology 39 (1): 11–28.
   Google Scholar
• Walby, Sylvia. 2007. “Complexity Theory, Systems Theory, and Multiple Intersecting Social Inequalities.” Philosophy of the Social Sciences 37 (4): 449–470.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walby, Sylvia. 2009. Globalization and Inequalities. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Walton, Mat. 2014. “Applying Complexity Theory: A Review to Inform Evaluation Design.” Evaluation and Program Planning 45: 119–126.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilde, Melissa. 2018. “Complex Religion: Interrogating Assumptions of Independence in the Study of Religion.” Sociology of Religion 79 (3): 287–298.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilde, Melissa, and Lindsay Glassman. 2016. “How Complex Religion Can Improve Our Understanding of American Politics.” Annual Review of Sociology 42 (1): 407–425.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, Bryan. 1985. “Secularization: The Inherited Model.” In The Sacred in a Secular Age, edited by Philip E. Hammond, 9–20. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, Bryan. 1991. Religion in Sociological Perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wood, Matthew. 2015. “Shadows in Caves? A Re-Assessment of Public Religion and Secularization in England Today.” European Journal of Sociology 56 (2): 241–270.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woodhead, Linda, and Rebecca Catto, eds. 2012. Religion and Change in Modern Britain. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Woodhead, Linda, and Paul Heelas, eds. 2000. Religion in Modern Times. Oxford: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Wuthnow, Robert. 1998. After Heaven: Spirituality in America since the 1950s. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Yamane, David. 1997. “Secularization on Trial: In Defense of a Neosecularization Paradigm.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 36 (1): 109–122.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar