Colon carcinoma treatment using bispecific anti-GITR/CTLA-4 antibodies: a patent evaluation of WO2018091739

References

• Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, et al. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68:394–424.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao Y, Yang W, Huang Y, et al. Evolving roles for targeting CTLA-4 in cancer immunotherapy. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2018;47(2):721–734.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Callea M, Pedica F, Doglioni C. Programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) as a new frontier in cancer immunotherapy and challenges for the pathologist: state of the art. Pathologica. 2016;108(2):48–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balar AV, Weber JS. PD-1 and PD-L1 antibodies in cancer: current status and future directions. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2017;66(5):551–564.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du W, Yang M, Turner A. TIM-3 as a target for cancer immunotherapy and mechanisms of action. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(3):E645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herrera-Camacho I, Anaya-Ruiz M, Perez-Santos M, et al. Cancer immunotherapy using anti-TIM3/PD-1 bispecific antibody: a patent evaluation of EP3356411A1. Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2019;29(8):587–593.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu LL, Pfefferle A, Yi Sheng VO. Harnessing adaptive natural killer cells in cancer immunotherapy. Mol Oncol. 2015;9(10):1904–1917.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buchan SL, Rogel A, Al-Shamkhani A. The immunobiology of CD27 and OX40 and their potential as targets for cancer immunotherapy. Blood. 2018;131(1):39–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perez-Santos M, Anaya-Ruiz M, Herrera-Camacho I, et al. Cancer combinatorial immunotherapy using anti-OX40 agonist and anti-PD-L1 antagonist: a patent evaluation of US2018256711A1. Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2019;29(7):481–485.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dougall WC, Kurtulus S, Smyth MJ, et al. TIGIT and CD96: new checkpoint receptor targets for cancer immunotherapy. Immunol Rev. 2017;276(1):112–120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He Y, Rivard CJ, Rozeboom L, et al. Lymphocyte-activation gene-3, an important immune checkpoint in cancer. Cancer Sci. 2016;107(9):1193–1197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perez-Santos M, Anaya-Ruiz M, Cebada J, et al. Treatment of cancer with a combination of LAG-3Ig and anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 antibodies: a patent evaluation of US2018271940 A1. Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2019;29(5):311–314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perez-Santos M, Anaya-Ruiz M, Cebada J, et al. LAG-3 antagonists by cancer treatment: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2019;29(8):343–351.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riccardi C, Ronchetti S, Nocentini G. Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related gene (GITR) as a therapeutic target for immunotherapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2018;22(9):783–797.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barao I. The TNF receptor-ligands 4-1BB-4-1BBL and GITR-GITRL in NK cell responses. Front Immunol. 2013;3:402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagashima H, Okuyama Y, Fujita T, et al. GITR cosignal in ILC2s controls allergic lung inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;141(5):1939–1943.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azuma M. Role of the glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR)-GITR ligand pathway in innate and adaptive immunity. Crit Rev Immunol. 2010;30:6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ormandy LA, Hillemann T, Wedemeyer H, et al. Increased populations of regulatory T cells in peripheral blood of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res. 2015;65(6):2457–2464.
   Google Scholar
• Krausz LT, Fischer-Fodor E, Major ZZ, et al. GITR-expressing regulatory T-cell subsets are increased in tumor-positive lymph nodes from advanced breast cancer patients as compared to tumor-negative lymph nodes. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2012;25(1):59–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khalife E, Khodadadi A, Talaeizadeh A, et al. Overexpression of regulatory T cell-related markers (FOXP3, CTLA-4 and GITR) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with breast cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018;19(11):3019.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vence L, Bucktrout SL, Curbelo IF, et al. Characterization and comparison of GITR expression in solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2019;25(21):6501–6510.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koon HB, Shepard DR, Merghoub T, et al. First-in-human phase 1 single-dose study of TRX-518, an anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) monoclonal antibody in adults with advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(15 suppl):3017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papadopoulos KP, Autio KA, Golan T, et al. Phase 1 study of MK-4166, an anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) antibody, as monotherapy or with pembrolizumab (pembro) in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(15suppl):9509.
   Google Scholar
• Geva R, Voskoboynik M, Beebe AM, et al. First-in-human phase 1 study of MK-1248, an anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) monoclonal antibody, as monotherapy or in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36(15suppl):3029.
   Google Scholar
• Tran B, Carvajal RD, Marabelle A, et al. Dose escalation results from a first-in-human, phase 1 study of glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor–related protein agonist AMG 228 in patients with advanced solid tumors. J Immunother Cancer. 2018;6(1):93.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Siu LL, Steeghs N, Meniawy T, et al. Preliminary results of a phase I/IIA study of BMS-986156 (glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor-related gene [GITR] agonist), Alone and in combination with nivolumab in patients with advanced solid tumours. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol. 2017;13:116–117.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzalez AM, Breous E, Manrique ML, et al. A novel agonist antibody (INCAGN01876) that targets the costimulatory receptor GITR. [abstract]. Proceedings of the 107th annual meeting of the american association for cancer research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2016. Cancer Res ; 76(14Suppl):Abstract nr 3220.
   Google Scholar
• Denlinger CS, Infante JR, Aljumaily R, et al. 1154P A phase I study of MEDI1873, a novel GITR agonist, in advanced solid tumors. Ann Oncol. 2018;29(suppl8):mdy288–027.
   Google Scholar
• Kvarnhammar AM, Veitonmäki N, Hägerbrand K, et al. The CTLA-4 x OX40 bispecific antibody ATOR-1015 induces anti-tumor effects through tumor-directed immune activation. J Immunother Cancer. 2019;7(1):103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perez-Santos M, Anaya-Ruiz M, Herrera-Camacho I. Bispecific anti-OX40/CTLA-4 antibodies for advanced solid tumors: a patent evaluation of WO2018202649. Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2019;29(12):1–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellmark P, Fritzell S, Furebring C, et al. Alligator Bioscience AB. Sweden. Bispecific polypeptides to GITR and CTLA-4. Worldwide patent WO2018091739. 2018 May 24.
   Google Scholar
• Chen Y, Song Y, Du W, et al. Tumor-associated macrophages: an accomplice in solid tumor progression. J Biomed Sci. 2019;26(1):1–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fritzell S, Levin M, Åberg I, et al. ATOR-1144 is a tumor-directed CTLA-4 x GITR bispecific antibody that acts by depleting Tregs and activating effector T cells and NK cells [abstract]. Proceedings of the american association for cancer research annual meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2019. Cancer Res; 79(13Suppl):Abstract nr 4077.
   Google Scholar
• Status patent EP17809226A1. https://register.epo.org/application?number=EP17809226&tab=main
   Google Scholar
• Status patent US2019309084A1. https://portal.uspto.gov/pair/PublicPair
   Google Scholar
• Zhou Y, Zhang C, Guo J, et al. Shanghai CP Guojian pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Anti-GITR/CTLA-4 bispecific antibody, preparation method and application thereof. China patent CN105669867. 2016 Jun 15.
   Google Scholar
• Pedroza-Gonzalez A, Zhou G, Singh SP, et al. GITR engagement in combination with CTLA-4 blockade completely abrogates immunosuppression mediated by human liver tumor-derived regulatory T cells ex vivo. Oncoimmunology. 2015;4(12):e1051297.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar