2,904
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ARTICLES

Investigating the Gender Wealth Gap Across Occupational Classes

&

REFERENCES

  • Addo, Fenaba R. and Daniel T. Lichter. 2013. “Marriage, Marital History, and Black–White Wealth Differentials among Older Women.” Journal of Marriage and Family 75(2): 342–62.
  • Austen, Siobhan, Therese Jefferson, and Rachel Ong. 2014. “The Gender Gap in Financial Security: What We Know and Don't Know About Australian Households.” Feminist Economics 20(3): 25–52.
  • Baker, Amy Castro. 2014. “Eroding the Wealth of Women: Gender and the Subprime Foreclosure Crisis.” Social Service Review 88(1): 59–91.
  • Bertrand, Marianne and Kevin F. Hallock. 2001. “The Gender Gap in Top Corporate Jobs.” ILR Review 55(1): 3–21.
  • Bessière, Céline. 2019. “Reversed Accounting: Legal Professionals, Families and the Gender Wealth Gap in France.” Socio-Economic Review. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwz036.
  • Bewley, Truman. 1977. “The Permanent Income Hypothesis: A Theoretical Formulation.” Journal of Economic Theory 16(2): 252–92.
  • Bihagen, Erik and Marita Ohls. 2007. “Are Women Over-Represented in Dead-End Jobs? A Swedish Study Using Empirically Derived Measures of Dead-End Jobs.” Social Indicators Research 84(2): 159–77.
  • Blau, Francine D. and Lawrence M. Kahn. 2017. “The Gender Wage Gap: Extent, Trends, and Explanations.” Journal of Economic Literature 55(3): 789–865.
  • Blinder, Alan S. 1973. “Wage Discrimination: Reduced Form and Structural Estimates.” The Journal of Human Resources 8(4): 436–55.
  • Boll, Christina. 2011. “Mind the Gap—German Motherhood Risks in Figures and Game Theory Issues.” International Economics and Economic Policy 8(4): 363–82.
  • Borah, Bijan J, and Anirban Basu. 2013. “Highlighting Differences Between Conditional and Unconditional Quantile Regression Approaches Through an Application to Assess Medication Adherence.” Health Economics 22(9): 1052–70.
  • Budig, Michelle J. 2006. “Intersections on the Road to Self-Employment: Gender, Family and Occupational Class.” Social Forces 84(4): 2223–39.
  • Calanca, Federica, Luiza Sayfullina, Lara Minkus, Claudia Wagner, and Eric Malmi. 2019. “Responsible Team Players Wanted: an Analysis of Soft Skill Requirements in job Advertisements.” EPJ Data Science 8(1): 1–20.
  • Conley, Dalton and Miriam Ryvicker. 2004. “The Price of Female Headship: Gender, Inheritance, and Wealth Accumulation in the United States.” Journal of Income Distribution 13(3/4): 41–56.
  • Cowell, Frank, Eleni Karagiannaki, and Abigail McNight. 2012. “Mapping and Measuring the Distribution of Household Wealth: A Cross-Country Analysis.” LWS Working Paper Series 12, LIS Cross-National Data Center, Luxembourg.
  • Crompton, Rosemary. 1987. “Gender, Status and Professionalism.” Sociology 21(3): 413–28.
  • Crompton, Rosemary.. 1999. “The Gendered Restructuring of the Middle Classes: Employment and Caring.” Sociological Review 47(2): 165–83.
  • De Nardi, Mariacristina and Giulio Fella. 2017. “Saving and Wealth Inequality.” Review of Economic Dynamics 26: 280–300.
  • Deere, Carmen Diana and Cheryl R. Doss. 2006. “The Gender Asset Gap: What Do We Know and Why Does it Matter?” Feminist Economics 12(1-2): 1–50.
  • Edlund, Lena and Wojciech Kopczuk. 2009. “Women, Wealth, and Mobility.” American Economic Review 99(1): 146–78.
  • Ehrlich, Ulrike, Lara Minkus, and Moritz Hess. 2020. “Einkommensrisiko Pflege? Der Zusammenhang von Familiärer Pflege und Lohn” [Income-risk caring? The association between family care and wages]. Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie 53(1): 22–28.
  • Ehrlich, Ulrike, Katja Möhring, and Sonja Drobnič. 2020. “What Comes After Caring? The Impact of Family Care on Women’s Employment.” Journal of Family Issues 41(9): 1387–419.
  • Fairlie, Robert W. and Harry A. Krashinsky. 2012. “Liquidity Constraints, Household Wealth, and Entrepreneurship Revisited.” Review of Income and Wealth 58(2): 279–306.
  • Firpo, Sergio, Nicole M. Fortin, and Thomas Lemieux. 2009. “Unconditional Quantile Regression.” Econometrica 77(3): 953–73.
  • Fortin, Nicole, Thomas Lemieux, and Sergio Firpo. 2011. “Decomposition Methods in Economics.” In Handbook of Labor Economics, Volume 4, Part A, edited by Orley Ashenfelter and David Card, 1–102. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
  • Gale, William G. and Karen M. Pence. 2006. “Are Successive Generations Getting Wealthier, and If So, Why? Evidence from the 1990s.” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 1: 155–234.
  • Ganzeboom, Harry B. G., Paul M. De Graaf, and Donald J. Treiman. 1992. “A Standard International Socio-Economic Index of Occupational Status.” Social Science Research 21(1): 1–56.
  • Georgellis, Yannis and Howard J. Wall. 2005. “Gender Differences in Self-Employment.” International Review of Applied Economics 19(3): 321–42.
  • Gingrich, Jane and Silja Häusermann. 2015. “The Decline of the Working-Class Vote, the Reconfiguration of the Welfare Support Coalition and the Consequences for the Welfare State.” Journal of European Social Policy 25(1): 50–75.
  • Goebel, Jan, Markus M. Grabka, Stefan Liebig, Martin Kroh, David Richter, Carsten Schröder, and Jürgen Schupp. 2019. “The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).” Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik 239(2): 345–60.
  • Grabka, Markus M. and Christoph Halbmeier. 2019. “Vermögensungleichheit in Deutschland Bleibt Trotz Deutlich Steigender Nettovermögen Anhaltend Hoch” [Wealth inequality remains high in Germany despite a significant rise in net wealth levels]. DIW Wochenbericht 86(40): 735–45.
  • Grabka, Markus M., Jan Marcus, and Eva Sierminska. 2015. “Wealth Distribution Within Couples.” Review of Economics of the Household 13(3): 459–86.
  • Grabka, Markus M. and Christian Westermeier. 2014. “Persistently High Wealth Inequality in Germany.” DIW Economic Bulletin 4(6): 3–15.
  • Grabka, Markus M. and Christian Westermeier. 2015. “Editing and Multiple Imputation of Item Non-Response in the Wealth Module of the German Socio-Economic Panel.” SOEP Survey Papers No. 272.
  • Hipp, Lena, Janine Bernhardt, and Jutta Allmendinger. 2015. “Institutions and the Prevalence of Nonstandard Employment.” Socio-Economic Review 13(2): 351–77.
  • Jann, Ben. 2008. “The Blinder–Oaxaca Decomposition for Linear Regression Models.” Stata Journal 8(4): 453–79.
  • Killewald, Alexandra, Fabian T. Pfeffer, and Jared N. Schachner. 2017. “Wealth Inequality and Accumulation.” Annual Review of Sociology 43: 379–404.
  • Kitagawa, Evelyn M. 1955. “Components of a Difference Between Two Rates.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 50(272): 1168–94.
  • Kocka, Jürgen. 1980. “The Study of Social Mobility and the Formation of the Working Class in the 19th Century.” Le Mouvement Social 111: 97–117.
  • Kriesi, Hanspeter. 1989. “New Social Movements and the New Class in the Netherlands.” American Journal of Sociology 94(5): 1078–116.
  • Kulich, Clara, Grzegorz Trojanowski, Michelle K. Ryan, S. Alexander Haslam, and Luc D. R. Renneboog. 2011. “Who Gets the Carrot and who Gets the Stick? Evidence of Gender Disparities in Executive Remuneration.” Strategic Management Journal 32(3): 301–21.
  • Kurz, Karin. 2004. “Home Ownership and Social Inequality in West Germany.” In Home Ownership and Social Inequality in Comparative Perspective, edited by Karin Kurz and Hans-Peter Blossfeld, 21–60. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • Lambert, Paul S. and Erik Bihagen. 2014. “Using Occupation-Based Social Classifications.” Work, Employment and Society 28(3): 481–94.
  • Lechmann, Daniel S. J. and Claus Schnabel. 2012. “Why is There a Gender Earnings Gap in Self-Employment? A Decomposition Analysis with German Data.” IZA Journal of European Labor Studies 1(6): 1–25.
  • Lersch, Philipp M. 2017. “The Marriage Wealth Premium Revisited.” Demography 54(3): 961–83.
  • Lersch, Philipp M., Marita Jacob, and Karsten Hank. 2017. “Parenthood, Gender, and Personal Wealth.” European Sociological Review 33(3): 410–22.
  • Minkus, Lara. 2019. “Labor Market Closure and the Stalling of the Gender Pay Gap.” SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research No. 1049.
  • Minkus, Lara and Anne Busch-Heizmann. 2020. “Gender Wage Inequalities Between Historical Heritage and Structural Adjustments: A German–German Comparison Over Time.” Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society 27(1): 156–86.
  • Mohan, Nancy and John Ruggiero. 2003. “Compensation Differences Between Male and Female CEOs for Publicly Traded Firms: a Nonparametric Analysis.” Journal of the Operational Research Society 54(12): 1242–48.
  • Müller, Walter and Richard Arum. 2004. “Self-employment Dynamics in Advanced Economies.” In The Reemergence of Self-Employment: A Comparative Study of Self- Employment Dynamics and Social Inequality, edited by Richard Arum and Walter Müller, 1–35. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Nelson, Julie A. 2015. “Are Women Really More Risk-Averse Than men? A Re-Analysis of the Literature Using Expanded Methods.” Journal of Economic Surveys 29(3): 566–85.
  • Nelson, Julie A.. 2016. “Not-So-Strong Evidence for Gender Differences in Risk Taking.” Feminist Economics 22(2): 114–42.
  • Oaxaca, Ronald. 1973. “Male-Female Wage Differentials in Urban Labor Markets.” International Economic Review 14(3): 693–709.
  • OECD. 2017. The Pursuit of Gender Equality-An Uphill Battle. Paris: OECD Publishing.
  • Oesch, Daniel. 2006. Redrawing the Class Map. Stratification and Institutions in Britain, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Oesch, Daniel.. 2008. “The Changing Shape of Class Voting. An Individual-Level Analysis of Party Support in Britain, Germany and Switzerland.” European Societies 10(3): 329–55.
  • Palier, Bruno and Kathleen Thelen. 2010. “Institutionalizing Dualism: Complementarities and Change in France and Germany.” Politics & Society 38(1): 119–48.
  • Pence, Karen M. 2006. “The Role of Wealth Transformations: An Application to Estimating the Effect of Tax Incentives on Saving.” Contributions to Economic Analysis & Policy 5(1): 1–24.
  • Pfeffer, Fabian T. 2011. “Status Attainment and Wealth in the United States and Germany.” In Persistence, Privilege and Parenting. The Comparative Study of Intergenerational Mobility, edited by Timothy M. Smeeding, Robert Erikson, and Markus Jäntti, 109–37. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
  • Pfeffer, Fabian T. and Alexandra Killewald. 2017. “Generations of Advantage. Multigenerational Correlations in Family Wealth.” Social Forces 96(4): 1411–42.
  • Pfeffer, Fabian T. and Nora Waitkus. 2021. “The Wealth Inequality of Nations.” American Journal of Sociology 86(4): 567–606.
  • Piketty, Thomas. 2014. Capital in the Twenty-First Century. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Ravazzini, Laura and Jenny Chesters. 2018. “Inequality and Wealth: Comparing the Gender Wealth gap in Switzerland and Australia.” Feminist Economics 24(4): 83–107.
  • Ravazzini, Laura and Ursina Kuhn. 2018. “Wealth, Savings and Children Among Swiss, German and Australian Families.” In Social Dynamics in Swiss Society: Empirical Studies Based on the Swiss Household Panel, edited by Robin Tillmann, Marieke Voorpostel, and Peter Farago, 161–74. Springer Open.
  • Rubin, Donald B. 1996. “Multiple Imputation After 18+ Years.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 91(434): 473–89.
  • Ruel, Erin and Robert M. Hauser. 2013. “Explaining the Gender Wealth Gap.” Demography 50(4): 1155–76.
  • Schneebaum, Alyssa, Miriam Rehm, Katharina Mader, and Katarina Hollan. 2018. “The Gender Wealth gap Across European Countries.” Review of Income and Wealth 64(2): 295–331.
  • Schubert, Renate, Martin Brown, Matthias Gysler, and Hans Wolfgang Brachinger. 1999. “Financial Decision-Making: are Women Really More Risk-Averse?” American Economic Review 89(2): 381–85.
  • Sierminska, Eva M., Joachim R. Frick, and Markus M. Grabka. 2010. “Examining the Gender Wealth gap.” Oxford Economic Papers 62(4): 669–90.
  • Sierminska, Eva, Daniela Piazzalunga, and Markus Grabka. 2019. “Transitioning Towards More Equality? Wealth Gender Differences and the Changing Role of Explanatory Factors Over Time.” SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research, 1050.
  • Sunden, Annika E. and Brian J. Surette. 1998. “Gender Differences in the Allocation of Assets in Retirement Savings Plans.” American Economic Review 88(2): 207–11.
  • Szydlik, Marc. 2004. “Inheritance and Inequality: Theoretical Reasoning and Empirical Evidence.” European Sociological Review 20(1): 31–45.
  • Waitkus, Nora and Olaf Groh-Samberg. 2018. “Beyond Meritocracy. Wealth Accumulation in the German Upper Classes.” In New Directions in Elite Studies, edited by Olav Korsnes, Johs Hjellbrekke, Johan Heilbron, Felix Bühlmann, and Mike Savage, 198–220. London: Routledge.
  • Warren, Tracey. 2006. “Moving Beyond the Gender Wealth gap: On Gender, Class, Ethnicity, and Wealth Inequalities in the United Kingdom.” Feminist Economics 12(1-2): 195–219.
  • Warren, Tracey, Karen Rowlingson, and Claire Whyley. 2001. “Female Finances: Gender Wage Gaps and Gender Assets Gaps.” Work, Employment and Society 15(3): 465–88.
  • Yamokoski, Alexis and Lisa A Keister. 2006. “The Wealth of Single Women: Marital Status and Parenthood in the Asset Accumulation of Young Baby Boomers in the United States.” Feminist Economics 12(1-2): 167–94.
  • Yu, Wei-hsin. 2017. “Tradeoff or Winner Take All? Relationships Between Job Security and Earnings in 32 Countries.” Sociological Perspectives 60(2): 269–92.