REFERENCES
- Albrecht, James W., Pers-Anders Edin, Marianne Sundström, and Susan B. Vroman. 1999. “Career Interruptions and Subsequent Earnings: A Reexamination Using Swedish Data.” Journal of Human Resources 34(2): 294–311.
- Artstein, Yael and Zvi Sussman. 1992. “Wage Dynamics in Israel: Market Forces and Spillover Effects.” Applied Economics 24(9): 969–79.
- Baum, Charles L. 2003. “The Effects of State Maternity Leave Legislation on and the 1993 Family and Medical Leave Act on Employment and Wages.” Labour Economics 10(5): 573–96.
- Beenstock, Michael and Sigal Ribon. 1993. “The Market for Labour in Israel.” Applied Economics 25(7): 971–82.
- Bloom, A. R. 1993. “Women in the Defense Forces.” In Calling the Equality Bluff: Women in Israel, edited by B. Swirksi and M. P. Safir. New York: Teacher’s College Press.
- Budig, Michelle J., Joya Misra, and Irene Boeckmann. 2012. “The Motherhood Penalty in Cross-National Perspective: The Importance of Work–Family Policies and Cultural Attitudes.” Social Politics 19(2): 163–93.
- Card, David and Ana Rute Cardoso. 2012. “Can Compulsory Military Service Raise Civilian Wages? Evidence from the Peacetime Draft in Portugal.” American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 4(4): 57–93.
- Castro-García, Carmen and Maria Pazos-Moran. 2016. “Parental Leave Policy and Gender Equality in Europe.” Feminist Economics 22(3): 51–73.
- Cohen, Stuart A. 1995. “The Israel Defense Forces (IDF): From a ‘People's Army’ to a ‘Professional Military:’ Causes and Implications.” Armed Forces and Society 21(2): 237–54.
- Crossley, Thomas F., Stephen R. G. Jones, and Peter Kuhn. 1995. “Gender Differences in Displacement Cost: Evidence and Implications.” Journal of Human Resources 29(2): 461–80.
- Dadon, Bar. 1999. “The Need for an Economic Model for the IDF Reserves.” Policy Studies No. 40, May. Institute for Advanced Strategic and Political Studies.
- Edwards, Rebecca. 2006. “Maternity Leave and the Evidence for Compensating Wage Differentials in Australia.” Economic Record 82(258): 281–97.
- Figinski, Theodore F. 2017. “The Effect of Potential Activations on the Employment of Military Reservists: Evidence from a Field Experiment.” ILR Review 70(4): 1037–56.
- Gal, Reuven. 1986. A Portrait of the Israeli Soldier. New York: Greenwood Press.
- Golan, Galia. 1997. “Militarization and Gender: The Israeli Experience.” Women’s Studies International Forum 20(5/6): 581–6.
- Grossbard-Schechtman, Shoshona and Shoshona Neuman. 1998. “The Extra Burden of Moslem Wives: Clues from Israeli Women's Labor Supply.” Economic Development and Cultural Change 46(3): 491–517.
- Gupta, Nabanita Datta and Nina Smith. 2002. “Children and Career Interruptions: The Family Gap in Denmark.” Economica 69: 609–29.
- Haberfeld, Yitchak and Yinon Cohen. 2007. “Gender, Ethnic and National Earnings Gaps in Israel: The Role of Rising Inequality.” Social Science Research 36(2): 654–72.
- Izraeli, Dafna. 1991. “Women and Work: From Collective to Career.” In Calling the Equality Bluff: Women in Israel, edited by Barbara Swirski and Marilyn Safir, 165–77. New York: Pergamon Press.
- Izraeli, Dafna. 2001. “Paradoxes of Women's Service in the Israel Defense Forces.” In Military, State and Society in Israel, edited by Daniel Maman, Eyal Ben-Ari, and Zeev Rosenhek, 203–38. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
- Kanaaneh, Rhoda. 2004. “In the Name of Insecurity: Arab Soldiers in the Israeli Military.” Adalah’s Review 4: 57–65. https://www.adalah.org/uploads/oldfiles/Public/files/English/Publications/Review/4/Adalah-Review-v4-In-the-Name-of-Security.pdf (accessed June 2021).
- Kanaaneh, Rhoda.. 2008. Surrounded: Palestinian Soldiers in the Israeli Military. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
- Karamessini, Maria and Elias Ioakimoglou. 2007. “Wage Determination and the Gender Pay Gap: A Feminist Political Economy Analysis and Decomposition.” Feminist Economics 13(1): 31–66.
- Khattab, Nabil. 2003. “Segregation, Ethnic Labour Market and the Occupational Expectations of Palestinian Students in Israel.” British Journal of Sociology 54(2): 259–85.
- Klein, Uta. 1999. “‘Our Best Boys:’ The Gendered Nature of Civil-Military Relations in Israel.” Men and Masculinities 2(1): 47–65.
- Lai, Yu-Cheng and Stanley Masters. 2005. “The Effects of Mandatory Maternity and Pregnancy Benefits on Women’s Wages and Employment in Taiwan, 1984-1996.” Industrial and Labor Relations Review 58(2): 274–81.
- Lorch, Netanel. 1997. “The Israel Defense Forces – Spotlight on Israel.” Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. https://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/aboutisrael/state/pages/theisraeldefenseforces.aspx.
- Luski, Israel and Jimmy Weinblatt. 1994. “Concentration and the Inter-Industry Wage Structure: The Israeli Manufacturing Sector.” Applied Economics 26(2): 121–7.
- Luski, Israel and Jimmy Weinblatt. 1997. “The Effect of Minimum Wage on Employment and Wages in Israeli Industry.” International Journal of Social Economics 24(4): 408–15.
- Mandel, Hadas and Moshe Semyonov. 2005. “Family Policies, Wage Structures, and Gender Gaps: Sources of Earning Inequality in 20 Countries.” American Sociological Review 70(6): 949–67.
- Perez, Nadav. 2010. “Making Fathers Care: Parental Leave for Fathers in Israel.” Policy Paper 2010.15. Taub Center for Social Policy in Israel.
- Peri, Yoram. 2001. “Civil-Military Relations in Israel in Crisis.” In Military, State and Society in Israel, edited by Daniel Maman, Eyal Ben-Ari, and Zeev Rosenhek, 107–36. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
- Raday, Frances. 1991. “Women, Work and the Law.” In Calling the Equality Bluff: Women in Israel, edited by Barbara Swirski and Marilyn Safir, 178–86. New York: Pergamon Press.
- Robst, John and Jennifer VanGilder. 2000. “Atrophy Rates in Male and Female Occupations.” Economics Letters 69(3): 407–13.
- Ruhm, Christopher J. 1998. “The Economic Consequences of Parental Leave Mandates: Lessons from Europe.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 113(1): 285–317.
- Shalhoub-Kevorkian, Nadera, Antonina Griecci Woodsum, Himmat Zu’bi, and Rachel Busbridge. 2014. “Funding Pain: Bedouin Women and Political Economy in the Naqab/Negev.” Feminist Economics 20(4): 164–86.
- Summers, Lawrence H. 1989. “Some Simple Economics of Mandated Benefits.” American Economic Review 79(2): 177–83.
- Torun, Huzeyfe and Semih Tumen. 2016. “The Effects of Compulsory Military Service Exemption on Education and Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence from a Natural Experiment.” Economics of Education Review 54: 16–35.
- Waldfogel, Jane. 1998. “Understanding the ‘Family Gap’ in Pay for Women with Children.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 12(1): 157–170.
- Waldfogel, Jane. 1999. “The Impact of the Family and Medical Leave Act.” Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 18(2): 281–302.
- Wolkinson, Benjamin W. 1999. Arab Employment in Israel: The Quest for Equal Employment Opportunity. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
- Yaish, Meir and Vered Kraus. 2003. “The Consequences of Economic Restructuring for the Gender Earnings Gap in Israel, 1972-1995.” Work Employment and Society 17(1): 5–28.
- Zveglich, Joseph and Yana van der Meulen Rodgers. 2003. “The Impact of Protective Measures for Female Workers.” Journal of Labor Economics 21(3): 533–55.