156
Views
14
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Cognitive functions in euthymic state of bipolar disorder: An Indian study

, , , , &
Pages 135-147 | Received 05 Mar 2007, Published online: 26 Feb 2008

References

  • American Psychiatric Association (1994) . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., DSM–IV) . Washington, DC : Author .
  • Austin , M. P. , Ross , M. , Murray , C. , O'Carroll , R. E. , Ebmeier , K. P. and Goodwin , G. M. 1992 . Cognitive function in major depression . Journal of Affective Disorders , 26 : 127 – 137 .
  • Bearden , C. E. , Hoffman , K. M. and Cannon , T. D. 2001 . The neuropsychology and neuroanatomy of bipolar affective disorder: A critical review . Bipolar Disorder , 3 : 106 – 150 .
  • Borkowska , A. and Rybakwwski , J. K. 2001 . Neuropsychological frontal lobe tests indicate that bipolar depressed patients are more impaired than unipolar . Bipolar Disorder , 3 : 88 – 94 .
  • Cavanagh , J. T. 2002 . Case-control study of neurocognitive function in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder: An association with mania . British Journal of Psychiatry , 180 : 320 – 326 .
  • Chowdhary , R. , Ferrier , I. N. and Thompson , J. M. 2003 . Cognitive dysfunctions in bipolar disorder . Current Opinion in Psychiatry , 16 ( 1 ) : 7 – 12 .
  • Clark , L. , Iversen , S. D. and Goodwin , G. M. 2002 . Sustained attention deficit in bipolar disorder . British Journal of Psychiatry , 180 : 313 – 319 .
  • Clark , L. D. , Iversen , S. D. and Goodwin , G. 2001 . A neuropsychological investigation of prefrontal cortex involvement in acute mania . American Journal of Psychiatry , 158 : 1605 – 1611 .
  • Conners , C. K. 1985 . The computerized performance tool . Psychopharmacology Bulletin , 21 : 891 – 892 .
  • Conners , C. R. (1994) . The Continuous Performance Test: Use as a diagnostic tool and measure of treatment outcome . Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Los Angeles, CA .
  • Denicoff , K. D. , Ali , S. O. , Mirsky , A. F. , Smith-Jackson , E. E. , Leverich , G. S. Duncan , C. C. 1999 . Relationship between prior course of illness and neuropsychological functioning in patients with bipolar disorder . Journal of Affective Disorders , 56 : 67 – 73 .
  • Downes , J. J. , Roberts , A. C. , Sahakian , B. J. , Evenden , J. L. and Robbins , T. W. 1989 . Impaired extradimensional shift performance in medicated and unmedicated Parkinson's disease: Evidence for a specific attentional dysfunction . Neuropsychologia , 27 : 1329 – 1344 .
  • Ferrier , I. N. , Stanton , B. R. , Kelly , T. P. and Scott , J. 1999 . Neuropsychological function in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder . British Journal of Psychiatry , 175 : 246 – 251 .
  • Goldberg , D. , McDowell , I. , & Newell , C. (1972) . General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), 12 item version, 20 item version, 30 item version, 60 item version [GHQ12, GHQ20, GHQ30, GHQ60] . In Measuring health: A guide to rating scales and questionnaire (2nd ed., pp. 181, 225–236) . New York : Oxford University Press .
  • Goldberg , T. E. , Gold , J. M. , Greenberg , R. , Griffin , S. , Schulz , S. C. Pickar , D. 1993 . Contrasts between patients with affective disorders and patients with schizophrenia on a neuropsychological test battery . American Journal of Psychiatry , 150 : 1355 – 1362 .
  • Goswami , U. , Gulrajani , C. , Moore , P.B. , Varma , A. , Young , A. H. , Khastgir , U. and Sharma , A. N. 2002 . Neurocognitive decline in bipolar mood disorder: Role of mood stabilizers . Journal of Psychopharmacology , 16 : A45
  • Goswami , U. , Sharma , A. and Khastigir , U. 2006 . Neuropsychological dysfunction, soft neurological signs and social disability in euthymic patients in bipolar disorder . British Journal of Psychiatry , 188 : 366 – 373 .
  • Hamilton , M. 1960 . A rating scale for depression. Journal of Neurology . Neurosurgery and Psychiatry , 23 : 56 – 62 .
  • Heaton , R. K. 1981 . Wisconsin Card Sorting Test , Odessa, FL : Psychological Assessment Resources .
  • Honig , A. , Arts , B. , Ponds , R. and Riedal , W. J. 1999 . Lithium induced cognitive side-effects in bipolar disorder: A qualitative analysis and implications for daily practice . International Clinical Psychopharmacology , 14 : 167 – 171 .
  • Indian Council of Medical Research New Delhi . (2000) . Ethical guidelines for biomedical research on human subjects . New Delhi, , India : Author .
  • Jahanshahi , M. , Ardouin , C. M. A. , Brown , R. G. , Rothwel , J. C. , Obeso , J. Albanese , A. 2000 . The impact of deep brain stimulation on executive function in Parkinson's disease . Brain , 123 : 1142 – 1154 .
  • Kessing , L. V. 1998 . Cognitive impairment in the euthymic phase of affective disorder . Psychological Medicine , 28 : 1027 – 1038 .
  • Kolur , U. S. , Reddy , Y. C. R. , John , J. P. , Kandavel , T. and Jain , S. 2006 . Sustained attention and executive functions in euthymic young people with bipolar disorder . British Journal of Psychiatry , 189 : 453 – 458 .
  • LaBerge , D. 1995 . Attentional processing: The brain's art of mindfulness , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
  • LaBerge , D. 1997 . Attention, awareness, and the triangular circuit” . Consciousness and Cognition , 6 : 149 – 181 .
  • Martinez-Aran , A. , Penades , R. , Vieta , E. , Colom , F. , Reinares , M. Benabarre , A. 2002 . Executive function in patients with remitted bipolar disorder and schizophrenia and its relationship with functional outcome . Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , 71 : 39 – 46 .
  • Martinez-Aran , A. , Vieta , E. , Colom , F. , Reinares , M. , Benabarre , A. Torrent , C. 2004 . Neuropsychological performance in depressed and euthymic bipolar patients . Neuropsychobiology , 46 ( Suppl. 1 ) : 16 – 21 .
  • Milner , B. 1963 . Effects on different brain lesions on card sorting: The role of the frontal lobes . Archives of Neurology , 9 : 90 – 100 .
  • Nelson , H. E. 1982 . National Adult Reading Test , Windsor, , UK : NFER-Nelson .
  • Olley , A. L. , Malhi , G. S. , Bachelor , J. , Cahill , C. M. , Mitchell , P. B. and Berk , M. 2005 . Executive functioning and theory of mind in euthymic bipolar disorder . Bipolar Disorder , 7 ( Suppl. 5 ) : 43 – 52 .
  • Paradiso , S. , Lamberty , G. J. , Gravey , M. J. and Robinson , R. G. 1997 . Cognitive impairment in euthymic phase of unipolar depression . Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , 185 : 718 – 754 .
  • Revonsuo , A. and Portin , R. 1995 . Cognispeed: The computer based measurement of cognitive processing , Turku, , Finland : University of Turku, Aboa Tech Ltd .
  • Royal College of Physicians (1981) . Organic mental impairment in the elderly, implication for research, education and the provision of services . Journal of the Royal College of Physicians, London , 15 , 3 – 38 .
  • Rubinsztein , J. S. , Michael , A. , Paykel , E. S. and Sahakian , B. J. 2000 . Cognitive impairment in remission in bipolar affective disorder . Psychological Medicine , 30 : 1025 – 1036 .
  • Sarnthein , J. , Petsche , H. , Rappelsberger , P. , Shaw , G. L. and Stein , A. V. 1998 . Synchronization between prefrontal and posterior association cortex during human working memory . Neurobiology , 95 ( 12 ) : 7092 – 7096 .
  • Seidman , L. J. , Kremen , W. S. , Koren , D. , Faraone , S. V. , Goldstein , J. M. and Tsuang , M. T. 2002 . A comparative profile analysis of neuropsychological functioning in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar psychoses . Schizophrenia Research , 53 : 31 – 44 .
  • Tavares , J. V. , Drevets , W. C. and Sahakian , B. J. 2003 . Cognition in mania and depression . Psychological Medicine , 33 : 959 – 967 .
  • Van Gorp , W. G. , Altshuler , L. , Theberge , D. C. , Wilkins , J. and Dixon , W. 1998 . Cognitive impairment in euthymic bipolar patients with and without prior alcohol dependence: A preliminary study . Archives of General Psychiatry , 55 : 41 – 46 .
  • Young , R. C. , Biggs , J. T. Ziegler , V. E. 1978 . A rating scale for mania: Reliability, validity and sensitivity . British Journal of Psychiatry , 133 : 429 – 435 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.