Advanced search
Publication Cover
Biomarkers Volume 8, 2003 - Issue 1
Submit an article Journal homepage
63
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

The randomized controlled trial in studies using biomarkers

Paolo Vineis Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Oncologia Umana, via Santena 7, University of Torino, Torino, Italy. e-mail: [email protected]
Pages 13-32 | Published online: 29 Sep 2008

  • ARMITAGE, P. and BERRY, G. 1987. Statistical Methods in Medical Research, 2nd editon (Oxford: Blackwell Scientific).
  • BLOCK, G., PATTERSON, B. and SUBAR, A. 1992. Fruit, vegetables and cancer prevention: a review of the epidemiological evidence. Nutrition and Cancer, 18, 1-30.
  • CAI, Q., RAHAN, R.O. and ZHANG, R. 1997. Dietary flavonoids, quercetin, luteolin and genistein, reduce DNA damge and lipid peroxidation and quench free radicals. Cancer Letters, 119, 99-108.
  • FENECH, M., STOKLEY, C. and AITKEN, C. 1997. Moderate wine consumption protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damge. Mutation Research, 379, Supplement 1, S173.
  • FUHRMAN, B., LAVY, A. and AVIRAM, M. 1995. Consumption of red wine with meals reduces the susceptibility of human plasma and low-density lipoprotein to lipid peroxidation. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 61, 549-554.
  • GIOVANNUCCI, E., ASCHERIO, A., RIMM, E.B., STAMPFER, M.J., COLDITZ, G.C. and WILLET, W.C. 1995. Intake of carotenoids and retinol in relation to risk or prostate cancer. Journal of National Cancer Institute, 87, 1767-1776.
  • HERTOG, M.G., HOLLMAN, P.C., KATAN, M. B. and KROMHOUT, D. 1993. Intake of potentially anticarcinogenic flvonoids in adults in the Netherlands. Nutrition and Cancer, 20, 21-29.
  • LAMPE, J.W., MARTINI, M.C., KURZER, M.S., ADLERCREUTZ, H. and SLAVIN, J.L. 1994. Urinary lignan and isoflavonoid excretion in premenopausal women consuming flaxweed powder. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 60, 122-128.
  • LIN, D., LAY, O.J., BRYANT, M.S., MALAVEILLE, C., FIRESEN, M., BARTSCH, H., LANG, N.P. and KADLUBAR, F. E. 1994, Analysis of 4-aminobiphenyl-DNA adducts in human urinary bladder and lung by alkaline hydrolysis and negative ion gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Environmental Health Perspectives, 102, 11-16.
  • MALAVEILLE, C., HAUTEFEUILLE, A., BRUN, G., VINEIS, P. and BARTSCH, H. 1992, Substances in human urine that strongly inhibit bacterial mutagenicity of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo (4,5-b) pyridine (PhIP) and related heterocyclic amines. Carcinogenesis, 13, 2317-2320.
  • MALAVEILLE, C., HAUTEFEUILLE, A., PIGNATELLI, B., TALASKA, G., VINEIS, P. and BARTSCH, H. 1996, Dietary phenolics as anti-mutagens and inhibitors of tobacco-related DNA adduction in the urothelium of smokers. Carcinogenesis, 17, 2193-2200.
  • MILLER, A.B., BERRINO, F., HILL, M., PIETINEN, P., RIBOLI, E. and WAHRENDORF, J. 1994, Diet in the etiology of cancer: a review. European Journal of Cancer, 30A, 207-220.
  • PENSIERO, L. and OLIVERIA, S. 1998, The Strang Cookbook for Cancer Prevention: A Complete Nutrition and Lifestyle Plan to Dramatically Lower Your Cancer Risk (New York: EP Dutton).
  • PISANI, P., FAGGIANO, F., KROGH, V., PALLI, D., VINEIS, P. and BERINO, F. 1997, Relative validity and reproducibility of a food frequency questionnaire for use in the Italian EPIC centers. International Journal of Epidemiology, 26, Supplement 1, S152-160.
  • ROSSO, S., PATRIARCA, S., VICARI, P. and ZANETTI, R. 1993, Cancer incidence in Turin: the effect of migration. Tumori 79, 304-310.
  • TALASKA, G., SCHAMER, M., SKIPPER, P., TANNENBAUM, S., CAPORASO, N., UNRUH, L., KADLUBAR, F. F., BARTSCH, H., MALAVEILLE, C. and VINEIS, P. 1991, Detection of carcinogen--DNA adducts in exfoliated urothelial cells of cigarette smokers: association with smoking, hemoglobin adducts, and urinary mutagenicity. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomakers and Prevention, 1, 61-66.
  • TRICHOPOULOU, A. 1995, Olive oil and breast cancer. Cancer Causes and Control, 6, 475-476.
  • VINEIS, P. and MCMICHAEL, A.J. 1996, Interplay between heterocyclic amines in cooked meat and metabolic phenotype in the etiology of colon cancer. Cancer Causes and Control, 7, 479-486.
  • VINEIS, P., BARTSCH, H., CAPORASO, N., HARRINGTON, A.M., KADLUBAR, F.F., LANDI, M.T., MALAVEILLE, C., SCHIELDS, P. G., SKIPPER, P., TALASKA, G. and TANNENBAUM, S.R. 1994, Genetically based N-acetyltransferase metabolic polymorphism and low-level environmental exposure to carcinogens. Nature, 369, 154-156.
  • VISIOLI, F. and GALLI, C. 1994, Oleuropein protects low density lipoprotein from oxidation. Life Sciences, 55 (24), 1965-1971.
  • WEISBURGER, J.H. 1994, Practical approaches to chemoprevention of cancer. Drug Metabolism Reviews, 26, 253-260.
  • DOLL, R. 1998, Controlled trials: the 1948 watershed. British Medical Journal, 317, 1217-1220.
  • FREEDMAN, B. 1987, Equipoise and the ethics of clinical research. New England Journal of Medicine, 317, 141-145.
  • LYLES, C.M. SANDLER, R.S., KEKU, T.O., KUPPER, L.L., MILLIKAN, R.C., MURRAY, S.C., BANGDIWALA, S. I. and ULSHEN, M.H. 1994, Reproducibility and variability of the rectal mucosal proliferation index using proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunohistochemistry. Cancer Epidemiology. Biomakers and Prevention, 3, 597-605.
  • NOSEWORTHY, J.H., EBERS, G.C., VANDERVOORT, M.K., FARQUHAR, R.E., YETISIR, E. and ROBERTS, R. 1994, The impact of blinding on the results of randomized, placebo-controlled multiple sclerosis clinical trial. Neurology, 44, 16-20.
  • PIANTADOSI, S. 1997, Clinical Trials. A Methodological Perspective (New York: John Wiley and Sons).
  • ROTHMAN, K. J. and MICHELS, K. B. 1994, The continuing unethical use of placebo controls. New England Journal of Medicine, 331, 394-398.
  • ROYALL, R. M. 1991, Ethics and statistics in randomized clinical trials. Statistical Science, 6, 52-88.
  • TAIOLI, E., KINNEY, P., ZHITKOVICH, A., FULTON, H., VOITKUN, V., COSMA, G., FRENKEL, K., TONIOLO, P., GARTE, S. and COSTA, M. 1994, Application of reliability models to studies of biomarker validation. Environmental Health Perspectives, 102(3), 306-309.
  • THE COCHRANE LIBRARY 2000. The Cochrane Collaboration and Update Software, Issue 1.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.