Publication Cover
Local Environment
The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability
Volume 21, 2016 - Issue 4
372
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Historical paths of environmental injustice: a century of placing industrial facilities in Helsinki, Finland

Pages 397-413 | Received 27 Aug 2014, Accepted 28 Oct 2014, Published online: 26 Nov 2014

References

  • Arthur, B., 1988. Urban systems and historical path dependence. In: J. Ausubel and R. Herman, eds. Cities and their vital systems: infrastructure past, present and future. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 85–97.
  • Åström, S., 1956. Helsingfors stads historia. Stadssamhällets omdaning/4. delen, 2. bandet, Perioden 1875–1918. Helsingfors: Helsingfors stad.
  • Bell, M. and Hietala, M., 2002. Helsinki: the innovative city: historical perspectives. Helsinki: Finnish Literature Society, City of Helsinki Urban Facts.
  • Boone, C.G. and Fragkias, M., 2013. Connecting environmental justice, sustainability, and vulnerability. In: C.G. Boone and M. Fragkias, eds. Urbanization and sustainability: linking urban ecology, environmental justice and global environmental change. New York: Springer, 49–60.
  • Boone, C.G. and Modarres, A., 1999. Creating a toxic neighborhood in Los Angeles County: a historical examination of environmental inequity. Urban Affairs Review, 35 (2), 163–187. doi: 10.1177/10780879922184347
  • Bradley, K., Gunnarsson-Östling, U., and Isaksson, K., 2008. Exploring environmental justice in Sweden – how to improve planning for environmental sustainability and social equity in an “eco-friendly” context. Projections: MIT Journal of Planning, 8, 65–81.
  • Buckley, G.L. and Boone, C.G., 2011. To promote the material and moral welfare of the community. In: G. Massard-Guilbaud and R. Rodger, eds. Environmental and social justice in the city: historical perspectives. Cambridge: White Horse Press, 43–66.
  • Bullard, R.D., 2005. Environmental justice in the 21st century. In: J. Dryzek and D. Schlosberg, eds. Debating the Earth: The Environmental Politics Reader. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 431–449.
  • Callewaert, J., 2002. The importance of local history for understanding and addressing environmental injustice. Local Environment, 7 (3), 257–267. doi: 10.1080/1354983022000001633
  • Clark, P. and Hietala, M., 2006. Helsinki and green space 1850–2000: an introduction. In: P. Clark, ed. The European city and green space: London, Stockholm, Helsinki and St. Petersburg, 1850–2000. Aldershot: Ashgate, 175–187.
  • David, P., 1985. Clio and the economics of QWERTY. The American Economic Review, 75 (2), 332–337.
  • Egan, M., 2002. Subaltern environmentalism in the United States: a historiographic review. Environment and History, 8 (1), 21–41. doi: 10.3197/096734002129342585
  • Egan, M., 2009. The relevance of history to environmental justice. Environmental Justice, 2 (2), 59–61. doi: 10.1089/env.2008.0537
  • Erävuori, J., 1981. Helsingin sataman ja satamahallinnon historia. Helsinki: Helsingin kaupunki.
  • Hannigan, J.A., 2002. Cultural analysis and environmental theory: an agenda. In: R.E. Dunlap et al., eds. Sociological theory and the environment. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 311–326.
  • Hänninen, S., 1991. Pollution, power and participation in Finland. In: T. Deelstra and O. Yanitsky, eds. Cities of Europe: the Publics role in shaping the urban environment. Moscow: Mezhdunarodnye othoshenia, 225–235.
  • Hänninen, S., 1992. How to combat pollution by words. Alternatives, 17 (2), 209–229. doi: 10.1177/030437549201700203
  • Helsingin kaupunki, 1970. Helsinki:Yleiskaavaehdotus 1970. Parts 1 and 2. Helsinki: Helsingin kaupungin kaupunkisuunnitteluvirasto, yleiskaavaosasto.
  • Helsinki City Board of Public Works, 1956. Protocol 6 February 1956, 194§. Cb:24, Helsinki City Archive.
  • Helsinki City Board of Public Works, 1980. Protocol 24 April 1980, 590§. Helsinki City Archive.
  • Helsinki City Council, 1929a. Protocol and Appendices 23 October 1929, 35§, Appendix A and Minutes of the Discussion. Ca:83, Helsinki City Archive.
  • Helsinki City Council, 1929b. Protocol 13 November 1929, Ca:83, Helsinki City Archive.
  • Helsinki City Council, 1949. Protocol and Minutes of the Discussion 14 December 1949, 646§. Ca:130–131, Helsinki City Archive.
  • Helsinki City Council, 1955. Protocol 30 November 1955, 1049§. Ca: 181, Helsinki City Archive.
  • Helsinki City Council Printed Documents, 1907a. Report Nr 2. of the Committee on the construction of a communal electricity plant, 24/1907, Helsinki City Archive.
  • Helsinki City Council Printed Documents, 1907b. Documents that relate to the construction of the new gas works to Helsinki, 28/1907, Helsinki City Archive.
  • Helsinki City Council Printed Documents, 1920. Report Nr 1 of the Harbour Committee 15/1920, Helsinki City Archive.
  • Helsinki City Council Printed Documents, 1955. Report of the Committee on the development of the harbours in Helsinki, 18/1955, Appendices. Helsinki City Archive.
  • Helsinki City Council Printed Documents, 1981. Memorandum on the organisation of waste management 10/1981. Helsinki City Archive.
  • Helsinki City Government, 1972a. Protocol 10 April 1972, 1101§. Ca: 42, Helsinki City Archive.
  • Helsinki City Government, 1972b. Appendices 10 April 1972, 1101§, Appendix 3 and 6. Cb: 598 Helsinki City Archive.
  • Helsinki City Health Care Board, 1956. 30 May 1956, 403§. Ca:122–123. Helsinki City Archive.
  • Helsinki City Health Care Board, 1977. Monitoring Division 26 January 1977, 2037§, App 1. Ca:336, Helsinki City Archive.
  • Herranen, T., 1985. Kaasulaitostoimintaa Helsingissä 1860–1985. Helsinki: Helsingin kaupungin energialaitos.
  • Herranen, T., 1988. Hevosomnibusseista metroon: vuosisata Helsingin joukkoliikennettä. Helsinki: Helsingin kaupunki.
  • Hufvudstadsbladet, 1975. Blyet i Hfrs-luften inte bara bilarnas fel. Hufvudstadsbladet, 5 January, pp. 1, 24.
  • Joas, M., 2001. Reflexive modernisation of the environmental administration in Finland: essays of institutional and policy change within the Finnish national and local environmental administration. Åbo: Åbo Akademi University Press.
  • Juuti, P., Rajala, R., and Katko, T., 2010. Metropoli ja meri: 100 vuotta jätevedenpuhdistusta Helsingissä. Helsinki: Helsingin seudun ympäristöpalvelut.
  • Kaartinen, A., 1999. Uiminen on liikkumalla kylpemistä. In: S. Laakkonen, S. Laurila, and M. Rahikainen, eds. Nokea ja pilvenhattaroita: Helsinkiläisten ympäristö 1900-luvun vaihteessa. Helsinki: Helsinki City Museum, 62–74.
  • Kansan Uutiset, 1966. Jätkän hiilisatama Sörnäisiin, kaupungin vapaavarasto tuhotaan, tehdäänkö tällainen hulluus? Kansan Uutiset, 10 August, p. 10.
  • Klingle, M., 2006. Changing spaces: nature, property, and power in Seattle, 1880–1945. Journal of Urban History, 32 (2), 197–230. doi: 10.1177/0096144205281613
  • Kolbe, L., 2002. Helsinki kasvaa suurkaupungiksi. Julkisuus, politiikka, hallinto ja kansalaiset 1945–2000. In: L. Kolbe and H. Helin, eds. Helsingin historia vuodesta 1945. Part 3, Helsinki: Helsingin kaupunki, 13–511.
  • Kuehn, R., 2000. A taxonomy of environmental justice. Environmental Law Reporter, 30 (9), 10681–10703.
  • Kuoppamäki-Kalkkinen, R., 1977. Katsaus kaupunkikehitykseen ja kaupunkisuunnitteluun Helsingissä 1870–1970. Espoo: Teknillinen korkeakoulu.
  • Laakkonen, S., 2001. Vesiensuojelun synty: Helsingin ja sen merialueen ympäristöhistoriaa 1878–1928. Helsinki: Gaudeamus.
  • Laakkonen, S. and Lehtonen, P., 2001. Mikrobit palveluksessa: Jätevedenpuhdistuksen kehitys Helsingissä. In: S. Laakkonen et al., eds. Näkökulmia Helsingin ympäristöhistoriaan: Kaupungin ja ympäristön muutos 1800-ja 1900-luvuilla. Helsinki: Helsingin kaupungin tietokeskus, 226–239.
  • Laamanen, A. and Noro, L., 1967. Helsingin ilman saasteen lähdeyhtymäkatsaus ja siihen liittyvät kaupunkikohtaiset ilmansuojelunäkymät. 34. Helsinki: Työterveyslaitos.
  • Launis, T., 1971. Helsinki: Yleiskaavaehdotus 1972. Ympäristönsuojelun esiselvitykset Helsingin 1972–1973 yleiskaavoituksessa. Helsinki: Kaupunkisuunnitteluvirasto. Yleiskaavaosasto.
  • Lento, K., 2006. The role of nature in the city: green space in Helsinki 1917–1960. In: P. Clark and M. Hietala, eds. The European city and green space: London, Stockholm, Helsinki and St. Petersburgh, 1850–2000. Aldershot: Ashgate, 188–206.
  • Liebowitz, S.J. and Margolis, S.E., 1995. Path-dependence, lock-in, and history. Journal of Law, Economics and Organization, 11 (1), 205–226.
  • Loo, T., 2007. Disturbing the peace: environmental change and the scales of justice on a Northern River. Environmental History, 12 (4), 895–919. doi: 10.1093/envhis/12.4.895
  • Luckin, B., 2005. Environmental justice, history and the city: the United States and Britain 1970–2000. In: D. Schott, B. Luckin, and G. Massard-Guilbaud, eds. Resources of the city: contributions to an environmental history of modern Europe. Aldershot: Ashgate, 230–245.
  • Mahoney, J., 2000. Path dependence in historical sociology. Theory and Society, 29 (4), 507–548. doi: 10.1023/A:1007113830879
  • Massard-Guilbaud, G. and Rodger, R., 2011a. Reconsidering justice in past cities: when environmental and social dimensions meet. In: G. Massard-Guilbaud and R. Rodger, eds. Environmental and social justice in the city: historical perspectives. Cambridge: White Horse Press, 1–40.
  • Massard-Guilbaud, G. and Rodger, R., eds., 2011b. Environmental and social justice in the city: historical perspectives. Cambridge: White Horse Press.
  • Melosi, M.V., 2000. The sanitary city: urban infrastructure in America from colonial times to the present. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Melosi, M.V., 2005. Path dependence and urban history: is a marriage possible? In: D. Schott, B. Luckin, and G. Massard-Guilbaud, eds. Resources of the city: contributions to an environmental history of modern Europe. Hampshire: Ashgate, 262–275.
  • Myrdal, G., 1957. Rich lands and poor: the road to world prosperity. New York: Harper & Row.
  • Nya Pressen, 1907. Det nya gasverket. Nya Pressen, 31 March, p. 4.
  • Ongelmanjätetoimikunnan mietintö, 1975. 102. Helsinki: Sisäasiainministeriö (Ministry of the Interior). Report of the hazardous waste committee.
  • Ottinger, G., 2011. Environmentally just technology. Environmental Justice, 4 (1), 81–85.
  • Paavola, E.J., 1968. Piipun takaa. Helsinki-Lehti, 29 November, p. 2.
  • Pellow, D.N., 2000. Environmental inequality formation: toward a theory of environmental injustice. American Behavioral Scientist, 43 (4), 581–601. doi: 10.1177/00027640021955441
  • Pulido, L., 2000. Rethinking environmental racism: white privilege and urban development in Southern California. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 90 (1), 12–40. doi: 10.1111/0004-5608.00182
  • Ringquist, E., 2000. Environmental justice: normative concerns and empirical evidence. In: N.J. Vig and M. Kraft, eds. Environmental policy. 4th ed. Washington, DC: CQ Press, 232–256.
  • Schönach, P., 2008. Kaupungin savut ja käryt: Helsingin ilmansuojelu 1945–1982. Thesis (PhD). University of Helsinki.
  • Schulman, H., 2000. Helsingin suunnittelu ja rakentuminen. In: H. Schulman, P. Pulma, and S. Aalto, eds. Helsingin historia vuodesta 1945: osa 2. Helsinki: Edita, 12–111.
  • Snellmann, T., 1973. Sörnäs strand – den stinkande stadsdelen. Hufvudstadsbladet, 11 May, p. 2.
  • Soja, E.W., 2010. Seeking spatial justice. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Stearns, P.N. and Chapman, H., 1992. European society in upheaval: social history since 1750. 3rd ed. New York: Macmillan.
  • Szasz, A. and Meuser, M., 1997. Environmental inequalities: literature review and proposals for new directions in research and theory. Current Sociology, 45 (3), 99–120. doi: 10.1177/001139297045003006
  • Sze, J., 2007. Noxious New York: the racial politics of urban health and environmental justice. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Turpeinen, O., 1984. Energiaa pääkaupungille: sähkölaitostoimintaa Helsingissä 1884–1984. Helsinki: Helsingin kaupungin energialaitos.
  • Upton, A.F., 1980. The Finnish revolution 1917–1918. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Uusi Suometar, 1889. Käynti Helsingin tehtaissa. Uusi Suometar, 11 August, p. 3.
  • Uusi Suomi, 1968. Vanhankaupungin selän länsiranta kunnostettava. Uusi Suomi, 11 September, p. 12.
  • Varvikko, K., 1972. Hermannin kevään tuoksut. Suomen Sosialidemokraatti, 25 March, p. 4.
  • Varvikko, K., 1980. Kaupunginjohtaja Raimo Ilaskivi: Jätteet sopivat parhaiten korpeen. Hermanni-Vallila 2/1980, 4.
  • Waris, H., 1973. Työläisyhteiskunnan syntyminen Helsingin Pitkänsillan pohjoispuolelle. 2nd ed. Helsinki: Weilin+Göös.
  • Wuolle, B., 1936. Helsingin kaupungin kaasulaitos 1860–1935. Helsinki: S.n.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.