Draining us dry: scarcity discourses in contention over bottled water extraction

References

• Ahlers, R. 2010. “Fixing and Nixing: The Politics of Water Privatization.” Review of Radical Political Economics 42 (2): 213–230. doi: 10.1177/0486613410368497
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aiyer, A. 2007. “The Allure of the Transnational: Notes on Some Aspects of the Political Economy of Water.” Cultural Anthropology 22 (4): 640–658. doi: 10.1525/can.2007.22.4.640
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Water Works Association. 2012. Buried No Longer: Confronting America’s Water Infrastructure Challenge. Denver: American Water Works Association. Accessed 18 August 2017. http://www.awwa.org/Portals/0/files/legreg/documents/BuriedNoLonger.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Bakker, K. 2000. “Privatizing Water, Producing Scarcity: The Yorkshire Drought of 1995.” Economic Geography 76 (1): 4–27. doi: 10.2307/144538
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bakker, K. 2010. Privatizing Water: Governance Failure and the World’s Urban Water Crisis. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Barlow, M. 2014. Blue Future: Protecting Water for People and the Planet Forever. New York: The New Press.
   Google Scholar
• Benzie, R. 2017. “Fees for Bottlers of Water Jump from $3.71 to $503.71.” The Toronto Star, June 8. Accessed 6 August 2017. https://www.thestar.com/news/queenspark/2017/06/08/fees-for-bottlers-of-water-jump-from-371-to-50371.html.
   Google Scholar
• Beverage Marketing Corporation. 2017. Bottled Water Becomes Number-one Beverage in the U.S., Data from Beverage Marketing Corporation Show. Troy, MI: Beverage Marketing Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• Brei, V., and M. Tadajewski. 2015. “Crafting the Market for Bottled Water: A Social Praxeology Approach.” European Journal of Marketing 49 (3/4): 327–349. doi: 10.1108/EJM-03-2013-0172
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Case, R. 2016a. “Social Work and the Moral Economy of Water: Community-Based Water Activism and its Implications for Eco-Social Work.” Critical Social Work 17 (2). Accessed 16 September 2017. http://www1.uwindsor.ca/criticalsocialwork/MoralEconomyWater.
   Google Scholar
• Case, R. 2016b. “Eco-social Work and Community Resilience: Insights from Water Activism in Canada.” Journal of Social Work 17 (4): 391–412. doi: 10.1177/1468017316644695
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CBC News. 2015. “Nestlé Waters Canada Plan to Tap Aquifer Worries Elora, Ont., Residents.” CBC News Toronto, October 29. Accessed 5 September 2017. http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/nestlé-waters-canada-plan-to-tap-aquifer-worries-elora-ont-residents-1.3295331.
   Google Scholar
• CTV News. 2016. “Nestle Seeking 10-year Renewal of Aberfoyle Water-taking Permit.” CTV News Kitchener, April 14. Accessed 5 September 2017. http://kitchener.ctvnews.ca/guelph/nestle-seeking-10-year-renewal-of-aberfoyle-water-taking-permit-1.2859636.
   Google Scholar
• Diekmann, L. O., L. C. Gray, and G. A. Baker. 2017. “Drought, Water Access, and Urban Agriculture: A Case Study from Silicon Valley.” Local Environment 22 (11): 1394–1410. doi: 10.1080/13549839.2017.1351426
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drew, G. 2008. “From the Groundwater Up: Asserting Water Rights in India.” Development 51 (1): 37–41. doi: 10.1057/palgrave.development.1100443
   Google Scholar
• Drewnowski, A., C. D. Rehm, and F. Constant. 2013. “Water and Beverage Consumption among Adults in the United States: Cross-sectional Study Using Data from NHANES 2005–2010.” BMC Public Health 13 (1): 1068. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-1068
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Emerson, R. M., R. I. Fretz, and L. L. Shaw. 2011. Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Euromonitor International. 2017. Bottled Water in Canada: Country Report. Chicago, IL: Euromonitor International. Accessed 24 August 2017. http://www.euromonitor.com/bottled-water-in-canada/report.
   Google Scholar
• Fumano, D. 2013. “The ‘Wild West’ of Groundwater: Billion-Dollar Nestlé Extracting B.C.’s Drinking Water for Free.” The Province, August 14. Accessed 14 June 2017. http://www.timescolonist.com/news/local/wild-west-of-groundwater-billion-dollar-nestlé-extracting-b-c-s-drinking-water-for-free-1.587568.
   Google Scholar
• Gentile, A. 2008. “Mayors Push Benefits of Cities’ Tap Water.” American City & County 123 (9): 18–20.
   Google Scholar
• Gleick, P. H. 2010. Bottled and Sold: The Story Behind Our Obsession with Bottled Water. Washington, DC: Island Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gleick, P. H., and H. S. Cooley. 2009. “Energy Implications of Bottled Water.” Environmental Research Letters 4 (1): 1–6. doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/4/1/014009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GRCA. 2016. Appendix A: Assessment Report of the Grand River Watershed. The Drinking Water Source Protection Plan for the Grand River Source Protection Area. Cambridge, ON: Grand River Conservation Authority.
   Google Scholar
• Greene, J. C. 2014. “The Bottled Water Industry in Mexico.” Thesis Master of Global Policy Studies, University of Texas at Austin.
   Google Scholar
• Griswold, E. 2017. “Ontario Government has Taken Sides Against the Bottled Water Industry.” The Toronto Star, April 10. Accessed 24 April 2017. https://www.thestar.com/opinion/commentary/2017/04/10/ontario-government-has-taken-sides-against-the-bottled-water-industry.html.
   Google Scholar
• Gumbel, A. 2015. “California Drought Spurs Protest over ‘Unconscionable’ Bottled Water Business.” The Guardian, April 19. Accessed 27 April 2017. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/apr/19/california-drought-protest-bottled-water.
   Google Scholar
• Harvey, D. 1974. “Population, Resources and the Ideology of Science.” Economic Geography, 50: 256–277. doi: 10.2307/142863
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkins, G. 2017. “The Impacts of Bottled Water: An Analysis of Bottled Water Markets and their Interactions with tap Water Provision.” Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water 4 (3): e1203. doi:10.1002/wat2.1203.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkins, R., and J. Emel. 2014. “Paradoxes of Ethically Branded Bottled Water: Constituting the Solution to the World Water Crisis.” Cultural Geographies 21 (4): 727–743. doi: 10.1177/1474474014530961
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkins, G., E. Potter, and K. Race. 2015. Plastic Water: The Social and Material Life of Bottled Water. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Holt, D. B. 2012. “Constructing Sustainable Consumption: From Ethical Values to the Cultural Transformation of Unsustainable Markets.” The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 644 (1): 236–255. doi: 10.1177/0002716212453260
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ioris, A. R. 2012. “The Geography of Multiple Scarcities: Urban Development and Water Problems in Lima, Peru.” Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences 43: 612–622.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ioris, A. R. 2013. “The Adaptive Nature of the Neoliberal State and the State-led Neoliberalisation of Nature: Unpacking the Political Economy of Water in Lima, Peru.” New Political Economy 18 (6): 912–938. doi: 10.1080/13563467.2013.768609
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaeger, K. W., A. J. Plantinga, H. Chang, K. Dello, G. Grant, D. Hulse, J. J. McDonnell, et al. 2013. “Toward a Formal Definition of Water Scarcity in Natural-human Systems.” Water Resources Research 49 (7): 4506–4517. doi: 10.1002/wrcr.20249
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaffee, D., and S. Newman. 2013a. “A Bottle Half Empty: Bottled Water, Commodification, and Contestation.” Organization & Environment 26 (3): 318–335. doi: 10.1177/1086026612462378
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaffee, D., and S. Newman. 2013b. “A More Perfect Commodity: Bottled Water, Global Accumulation, and Local Contestation.” Rural Sociology 78 (1): 1–28. doi: 10.1111/j.1549-0831.2012.00095.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jairath, J. 2010. “Advocacy of Water Scarcity: Leakages in the Argument.” In The Limits to Scarcity: Contesting the Politics of Allocation, edited by L. Mehta, 215–232. Washington, DC: Earthscan.
   Google Scholar
• James, I. 2015. “Bottling Water Without Scrutiny.” The Desert Sun, March 8. Accessed 29 April 2017. http://www.desertsun.com/story/news/2015/03/05/bottling-water-california-drought/24389417/.
   Google Scholar
• Joy, K. J., S. Kulkarni, D. Roth, and M. Zwarteveen. 2014. “Re-politicising Water Governance: Exploring Water Re-allocations in Terms of Justice.” Local Environment 19 (9): 954–973. doi: 10.1080/13549839.2013.870542
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaika, M. 2003. “Constructing Scarcity and Sensationalizing Water Politics: 170 Days That Shook Athens.” Antipode 35 (5): 919–954. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8330.2003.00365.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kassam, A. 2016. “Canadian Town Steams over Nestlé Bid to Control Local Spring Water Well.” The Guardian, September 24. Accessed 24 August 2017 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/sep/24/canada-nestle-water-well-bid-centre-wellington.
   Google Scholar
• Lagos, M. 2014. “S. F. Supervisors Back Ban on Sale of Plastic Water Bottles.” San Francisco Chronicle, March 5. Accessed 5 May 2014. http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/S-F-supervisors-back-ban-on-sale-of-plastic-5289089.php.
   Google Scholar
• Laville, S., and M. Taylor. 2017. “A Million Bottles a Minute: World’s Plastic Binge ‘as Dangerous as Climate Change.’” The Guardian, June 28. Accessed 7 September 2017. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/jun/28/a-million-a-minute-worlds-plastic-bottle-binge-as-dangerous-as-climate-change.
   Google Scholar
• Leslie, K. 2016. “ Premier Wynne Wants ‘Bigger Look’ at Future of Bottled-Water Industry.” The Toronto Star, December 21. Accessed 7 September 2017. https://www.thestar.com/business/2016/12/21/premier-wynne-wants-bigger-look-at-future-of-bottled-water-industry.html.
   Google Scholar
• Loftus, A. 2009. “Rethinking Political Ecologies of Water.” Third World Quarterly 30 (5): 953–968. doi: 10.1080/01436590902959198
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marx, K. 1867. Capital: A Critique of Political Economy. Chicago: Charles H. Kerr & Co.
   Google Scholar
• Mehta, L. 2007. “Whose Scarcity? Whose Property? The Case of Water in Western India.” Land Use Policy 24 (4): 654–663. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2006.05.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, G. 2007. Reconciling Our Priorities: Annual Report for 2006/07. Toronto: Environmental Commissioner of Ontario.
   Google Scholar
• Nagy, M., and M. Barlow. 2017. “ Time for Ontario to Protect its Water Supplies.” The Record, May 11. Accessed 21 July 2017. https://www.therecord.com/opinion-story/7309925-time-for-ontario-to-protect-its-water-supplies/.
   Google Scholar
• Neate, R. 2015. “Nestlé Boss Says he Wants to Bottle more Water in California Despite Drought.” The Guardian, May 14. Accessed 21 April 2017. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/may/14/nestle-boss-wants-bottle-more-water-california-drought.
   Google Scholar
• Nestlé Waters Canada. 2016. “Nestlé in Canada.” Accessed 2 September 2017. https://www.corporate.nestle.ca/en/ask-nestle/documents/nestle%20-%20fact%20sheet%20(sept.%202016).pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Nestlé Waters North America. 2013. “About Nestlé Waters North America.” Accessed 18 August 2017. https://www.nestle-watersna.com/en/about-nestle-waters.
   Google Scholar
• NRDC. 1999. Bottled Water: Pure Drink or Pure Hype? Washington, DC: Natural Resources Defense Council.
   Google Scholar
• Otero, I., G. Kallis, R. Aguilar, and V. Ruiz. 2011. “Water Scarcity, Social Power and the Production of an Elite Suburb: The Political Ecology of Water in Matadepera, Catalonia.” Ecological Economics 70 (7): 1297–1308. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.09.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paris, M. 2013. “Groups Want Cap on Nestlé’s Water Permit During Droughts.” CBC News, June 3. Accessed 12 September 2017. http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/groups-want-cap-on-nestlé-s-water-permit-during-droughts-1.1344958.
   Google Scholar
• Perreault, T. 2013. “Dispossession by Accumulation? Mining, Water and the Nature of Enclosure on the Bolivian Altiplano.” Antipode 45 (5): 1050–1069.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Province of Ontario. 2017. Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe, 2017. Toronto: Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs.
   Google Scholar
• Ravi Raman, K. R. 2010. “Transverse Solidarity: Water, Power, and Resistance.” Review of Radical Political Economics 42 (2): 251–268. doi: 10.1177/0486613410368507
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rijsberman, F. R. 2006. “Water Scarcity: Fact or Fiction?” Agricultural Water Management 80 (1): 5–22. doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2005.07.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, A. 2008. “Privatizing Social Reproduction: The Primitive Accumulation of Water in an Era of Neoliberalism.” Antipode 40 (4): 535–560. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8330.2008.00623.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodwan, J. G. 2017. “Bottled Water 2016: No. 1 and Growing: U.S. and International Developments and Statistics.” Bottled Water Reporter 57 (4 July/Aug): 12–21.
   Google Scholar
• Rosemann, N. 2005. Drinking Water Crisis in Pakistan and the Issue of Bottled Water: The Case of Nestlé’s “Pure Life”. Berne: ActionAid.
   Google Scholar
• Saulny, S. 2008. “Ban Near on Diverting Water from Great Lakes.” The New York Times, September 22. Accessed 11 September 2017. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/23/us/23lakes.html.
   Google Scholar
• Save Our Water. n.d. “About Us: Who is Save Our Water.” Accessed 3 September 2017. http://www.saveourwater.ca/about.
   Google Scholar
• Sitisarn, S. 2012. “Political Ecology of the Soft Drink and Bottled Water Business in India; a Case Study of Plachimada.” Thesis Master’s, Lund University.
   Google Scholar
• Snitow, A., D. Kaufman, and M. Fox. 2007. Thirst: Fighting the Corporate Theft of our Water. San Francisco, CA: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Spiliotis, M., F. Martín-Carrasco, and L. Garrote. 2015. “A Fuzzy Multicriteria Categorization of Water Scarcity in Complex Water Resources Systems.” Water Resource Management 29: 521–539. doi: 10.1007/s11269-014-0792-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spronk, S., and J. R. Webber. 2007. “Struggles Against Accumulation by Dispossession in Bolivia: The Political Economy of Natural Resource Contention.” Latin American Perspectives 34 (2): 31–47. doi: 10.1177/0094582X06298748
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Statistics Canada. 2016b. Census Profile, 2016 Census: Wellington County, Ontario. Ottawa: Statistics Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Swyngedouw, E. 2009. “The Political Economy and Political Ecology of the Hydro-social Cycle.” Journal of Contemporary Water Research & Education 142 (1): 56–60. doi: 10.1111/j.1936-704X.2009.00054.x
   Google Scholar
• Szasz, A. 2007. Shopping Our Way to Safety: How We Changed from Protecting the Environment to Protecting Ourselves. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
   Google Scholar
• Torres, I. V. 2012. “Water Grabbing in the Cauca Basin: The Capitalist Exploitation of Water and Dispossession of Afro-descendant Communities.” Water Alternatives 5 (2): 431–449.
   Google Scholar
• Transparency Market Research. 2015. Bottled Water Market: Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast, 2014–2020. Albany, NY: Transparency Market Research.
   Google Scholar
• Wagner, T. 2016. “Flint is Swimming in Water Bottles.” Marketplace.org, January 26. Accessed 22 April 2016. https://www.marketplace.org/2016/01/26/sustainability/flint-swimming-water-bottles.
   Google Scholar
• Wellington Water Watchers. n.d. “About Us – Wellington Water Watchers.” Accessed 13 September 2017. http://wellingtonwaterwatchers.ca/about-us/.
   Google Scholar
• Wilk, R. 2006. “Bottled Water: The Pure Commodity in the Age of Branding.” Journal of Consumer Culture 6 (3): 303–325. doi: 10.1177/1469540506068681
   Google Scholar
• Wynne, K. 2016. “September 2016 Mandate Letter: Environment and Climate Change: Premier’s Instructions to the Minister on Priorities.” Government of Ontario. Accessed 12 September 2017. https://www.ontario.ca/page/september-2016-mandate-letter-environment-and-climate-change.
   Google Scholar
• Zwarteveen, M. Z., and R. Boelens. 2014. “Defining, Researching and Struggling for Water Justice: Some Conceptual Building Blocks for Research and Action.” Water International 39 (2): 143–158. doi: 10.1080/02508060.2014.891168
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar