Early Events in the Life Cycle of JC Virus as Potential Therapeutic Targets for the Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

References

• Antinori A, A=assari A, Giancola ML, Cingolani A, Grisetti 5, Murri R, Alba L, Ciancio B, Soldani F, Larussa D, Ippolito G, De Luca A (2001). Epidemiology and prognosis of AIDS-associated progressive multifoc al leukoencephalopathy in the HAART era. J NeuroVirol 7: 323–328.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atwood, WI (2001). A combination of low-dose chlorpro-mazine and neutralizing antibodies inhibits the spread of JC virus (JCV) in a tissue culture model: implica-tions for prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of pro-gressive multifocal leukencephalopathy. J NeuroVirol 7: 307–310.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atwood WJ, Wang L, Durham LC, Amemiya K, Traub RG, Major, EO (1995). Evaluation of the role of cytokine ac-tivation in the multiplication of JC virus (JCV) in human fetal glial cells. J NeuroVirol 1: 40–49.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breitbart W, Marotta R, Platt MM, Weisman H, Derevenco M, Grau C, Corbera K, Raymond S, Lund S, Jacobson P (1996). A double-blind trial of haloperidol, chlorpro-mazine, and lorazepam in the treatment of delirium in hospitalized AIDS patients. Am J Psychiatry 153: 231–237.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du Pasquier RA, Clark KW, Smith PS, Joseph JT, Mazullo JM, De Girolami U, Letvin NL, Koralnik IJ (2001). JCV-specific cellular immune response correlates with a favorable clinical outcome in HIV-infected individu-als with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J NeuroVirol 7: 318–322.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall CD, Dafni U, Simpson D, Clifford D, Wetherill PE, Cohen B, McArthur J, Hollander H, Yainnoutsos C, Ma-jor E, Millar L, Timpone J (1998). Failure of cytarabine in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. AIDS Clinical Trials Group 243 Team. NEng/JMed 338: 1345–1351.
   Google Scholar
• Hou J, Major EO (1998). The efficacy of nucleoside analogs against JC virus multiplication in a persistently in-fected human fetal brain cell line. J NeuroVirol 4: 451–456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Itoh K, Mehraein P, Weis S (2000). Neuronal damage of the substantia nigra in HIV-1 infected brains. Acta Neuropathol (Bed) 99: 376–384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly DV, Beique LC, Bowmer MI (2002). Extrapyrami-dal symptoms with ritonavir/indinavir plus risperidone. Ann Pharmacother 36: 827–830.
   Google Scholar
• Koralnik IJ, Du Pasquier RA, Kuroda MJ, Schmitz JE, Dang X, Zheng Y, Lifton M, Letvin NL (2002). Association of prolonged survival in HLA-A2+ progressive multifo-cal leukoencephalopathy patients with a CTL response specific for a commonly recognized JC virus epitope. J Immuno1168: 499–504.
   Google Scholar
• Koralnik IJ, Du Pasquier RA, Letvin NL (2001). JC virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in individuals with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Virol 75: 3483–3487.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levy RM, Major E, Ali MJ, Cohen B, Groothius D (2001). Convection-enhanced intraparenchymal deliv-ery (CEID) of cytosine arabinoside (AraC) for the treat-ment of HIV-related progressive multifocal leukoen-cephalopathy (PML). J NeuroVirol 7: 382–385.
   Google Scholar
• Liu CK, Wei G, Atwood WJ (1998). Infection of glial cells by the human polyomavirus JC is mediated by an N-linked glycoprotein containing terminal alpha 2–6 linked sialic acids. J Virol 72: 4643–4649.
   Google Scholar
• Lopez OL, Smith G, Meltzer CC, Becker JT (1999). Dopamine systems in human immunodeficiency virus-associated dementia. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol 12: 184–192.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Major EO, Miller AE, Mourrain P, Traub RG, de Widt E, Sever J (1985). Establishment of a line of human fetal glial cells that supports JC virus multiplication. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82: 1257–1261.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marra CM, Rajicic N, Barker DE, Cohen BA, Clifford D, Donovan Post MJ, Ruiz A, Bowen BC, Huang ML, Queen-Baker J, Andersen J, Kelly S, Shriver S (2002). A pilot study of cidofovir for progressive multifocal leukoen-cephalopathy in AIDS. AIDS 16: 1791–1797.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pho MT, Ashok A, Atwood WJ (2000). JC virus enters hu-man glial cells by clathrin dependent receptor mediated endocytosis. J Virol 74: 2288–2292.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramachandran G, Glickman L, Levenson J, Rao C (1997). Incidence of extrapyramidal syndromes in AIDS pa-tients and a comparison group of medically ill inpa-tients. J Neuropsychiaby Clin Neurosci 9: 579–583.
   Google Scholar
• Seeman P (2002). Atypical antipsychotics: mechanism of action. Can J Psychiatry 47: 27–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vacante DA, Traub R, Major EO (1989). Extension of JC virus host range to monkey cells by insertion of a simian virus 40 enhancer into the JC virus regulatory region. Virology 170: 353–361.
   Google Scholar