Apoptotic death of striatal neurons induced by human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat and gp120: Differential involvement of caspase-3 and endonuclease G

References

• Adamson D C, Wildemann B, Sasaki M, Glass J D, McArthur J C, Christov V I, Dawson T M, Dawson V L. 1996; Immunologic NO synthase: elevation in severe AIDS dementia and induction by HIV-1 gp41, Science. 274: 1917–1921
   Google Scholar
• Adle-Biassette H, Levy Y, Colombel M, Poron F, Natchev S, Keohane C, Gray F. 1995; Neuronal apoptosis in HIV infection in adults, Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 21: 218–227
   Google Scholar
• Albini A, Benelli R, Presta M, Rusnati M, Ziche M, Rubartelli A, Paglialunga G, Bussolino F, Noonan D. 1996a; HIV-1 Tat protein is a heparin-binding angiogenic growth factor, Oncogene. 12: 289–297
   Google Scholar
• Albini A, Soldi R, Giunciuglio D, Giraudo E, Benelli R, Primo L, Noonan D, Salio M, Famussi G, Rockl W, Bussolino F. 1996b; The angiogenesis induced by HIV-1 Tat protein is mediated by the Flk-1/KDR receptor on vascular endothelial cells, Nat Med. 2: 1371–1375
   Google Scholar
• Bagetta G, Corasaniti M T, Aloe L, Berliocchi L, Costa N, Finazzi-Agrò A, Nisticò G. 1996a; Intracerebral injection of HIV-1 coat protein gp120 differentially affects the expression of NGF and nitric oxide synthase in the hippocampus of rat, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 93: 928–933
   Google Scholar
• Bagetta G, Corasaniti M T, Berliocchi L, Nisticò R, Giammarioli A M, Malorni W, Aloe L, Finazzi-Agrò A. 1999. Involvement of interleukin-1β in the mechanism of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) recombinant protein gp120-induced apoptosis in the neocortex of rat. Neuroscience. 89: 1051–1066. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bagetta G, Corasaniti M T, Malorni W, Rainaldi G, Costa N, Berliocchi A, Finazzi-Agrò A, Nisticò G. 1996b; The HIV-1 gp120 causes ultrastructural changes typical of apoptosis in the rat cerebral cortex, NeuroReport. 7: 1722–1724
   Google Scholar
• Barillari G, Gendelman R, Gallo R C, Ensoli B. 1993; The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, a growth factor for AIDS Kaposi sarcoma and cytokine-activated vascular cells, induces adhesion of the same cell types by using integrin receptors recognizing the RGD amino acid sequence, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 90: 7941–7945
   Google Scholar
• Berger J R, Nath A. 1997; HIV dementia and the basal ganglia, Intervirology. 40: 122–131
   Google Scholar
• Bonavia R, Bajetto A, Barbero S, Noonan D M, Schettini G. 2001; HIV-1 Tat causes apoptotic death and calcium homeostasis alterations in rat neurons, Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 288: 301–308
   Google Scholar
• Brenneman D E, Westbrook G L, Fitzgerald S P, Ennist D L, Elkins K L, Ruff M R, Pert C B. 1988; Neuronal cell killing by the envelope protein of HIV and its prevention by vasoactive intestinal peptide, Nature. 335: 639–642
   Google Scholar
• Chang H C, Samaniego F, Nair B C, Buonaguro L, Ensoli B. 1997; HIV-1 Tat protein exits from cells via a leaderless secretory pathway and binds to extracellular matrix-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycan through its basic region, AIDS. 11: 1421–1431
   Google Scholar
• Corasaniti M T, Piccirilli S, Paoletti A, Nistico R, Stringaro A, Malorni W, Finazzi-Agro A, Bagetta G. 2001; Evidence that HIV-1 coat protein gp120 causes neuronal apoptosis in the neocortex of rat via a mechanism involving CXCR4 chemokine receptor, Neurosci Lett. 31: 267–270
   Google Scholar
• Cote J, Ruiz-Carilloo A. 1993; Primers for mitochondrial DNA replication generated by endonuclease G, Science. 261: 765–769
   Google Scholar
• Creagh E M, Martin S J. 2001; Caspases: cellular demolition experts, Biochem Soc Trans. 29: 696–702
   Google Scholar
• Deregibus M C, Cantaluppi V, Doublier S, Brizzi M F, Deambrosis I, Albini A, Camussi G. 2002; HIV-1-Tat protein activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT-dependent survival pathways in Kaposi's sarcoma cells, J Biol Chem. 277: 25195–25202
   Google Scholar
• Dreyer E B, Kaiser P K, Offermann J T, Lipton S A. 1990; HIV-1 coat protein neurotoxicity prevented by calcium channel antagonists, Science. 248: 364–367
   Google Scholar
• Ensoli B, Barillari G, Salahuddin S Z, Gallo R C, Wong-Staal F. 1990; Tat protein of HIV-1 stimulates growth of cells derived from Kaposi's sarcoma lesions of AIDS patients, Nature. 345: 84–86
   Google Scholar
• Gabuzda D H, Ho D D, de la, Monte S M, Hirsch M S, Rota T R, Sobel R A. 1986; Immunohistochemical identification of HTLV-III antigen in brains of patients with AIDS, Ann Neurol. 20: 289–295
   Google Scholar
• Garden G A, Budd S L, Tsai E, Hanson L, Kaul M, D'Emilia D M, Friedlander R M, Yuan J, Masliah E, Lipton S A. 2002; Caspase cascades in human immunodeficiency virus–associated neurodegeneration, J Neurosci. 22: 4015–4024. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
   Google Scholar
• Gelbard H A, James H J, Sharer L R, Perry S W, Saito Y, Kazee A M, Blumberg B M, Epstein L C. 1995; Apoptotic neurons in brain from paediatric patients with HIV-1 encephalitis and progressive encephalopathy, Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 21: 208–217
   Google Scholar
• Gendelman H E, Lipton S A, Tardieu M, Bukrinsky M I, Nottet H S. 1994; The neuropathogenesis of HIV-1 infection, J Leukoc Biol. 56: 389–398
   Google Scholar
• Goody R J, Martin K M, Goebel S M, Hauser K F. 2003. Dynorphin A toxicity in striatal neurons via an α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA)/kainate receptor mechanism. Neuroscience. 116: 807–816. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
   Google Scholar
• Gurwell J A, Nath A, Sun Q, Zhang J, Martin K M, Chen Y, Hauser K F. 2001; Synergistic neurotoxicity of opioids and human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat protein in striatal neurons in vitro, Neuroscience. 102: 555–563
   Google Scholar
• Hartmann A, Hunot S, Michel P P, Muriel M P, Vyas S, Faucheux B A, Mouatt-Prigent A, Turmel H, Srinivasan A, Ruberg M, Evan G I, Agid Y, Hirsch E C. 2000; Caspase-3: a vulnerability factor and final effector in apoptotic death of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 97: 2875–2880
   Google Scholar
• Haughey N J, Mattson M P. 2002; Calcium dysregulation and neuronal apoptosis by the HIV-1 proteins Tat and gp120, J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 31: S55–S61
   Google Scholar
• Haughey N J, Nath A, Mattson M P, Slevin J T, Geiger J D. 2001; HIV-1 Tat through phosphorylation of NMDA receptors potentiates glutamate excitotoxicity, J Neurochem. 78: 457–467
   Google Scholar
• Hauser K F, Foldes J K, Turbek C S. 1999; Dynorphin A (1–13) neurotoxicity in vitro: opioid and non-opioid mechanisms in mouse spinal cord neurons, Exp Neurol. 160: 361–375
   Google Scholar
• Hesselgesser J, Taub D, Baskar P, Greenberg M, Hoxie J, Kolson D L, Horuk R. 1998; Neuronal apoptosis induced by HIV-1 gp120 and the chemokine SDF-1 alpha is mediated by the chemokine receptor CXCR4, Curr Biol. 8: 595–598
   Google Scholar
• Holden C P, Nath A, Haughey N J, Geiger J D. 1999; Involvement of Na⁺/H⁺ exchangers, Ca^{2 +} channels, and excitatory amino acid receptors in intracellular Ca^{2 +} responses to HIV-1 gp120 in cultured human fetal brain cells, Neuroscience. 91: 1369–1378. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
   Google Scholar
• Huang M B, Bond V C. 2000; Involvement of protein kinase C in HIV-1 gp120-induced apoptosis in primary endothelium, J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 25: 375–389
   Google Scholar
• James H J, Sharer L R, Zhang Q, Wang H G, Epstein L G, Reed J C, Gelbard H A. 1999; Expression of caspase-3 in brains from pediatric patients with HIV-1 encephalitis, Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 25: 380–386
   Google Scholar
• Jones M, Olafson K, Del, Bigio M R, Peeling J, Nath A. 1998; Intraventricular injection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat protein causes inflammation, apoptosis, and ventricular enlargement, J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 57: 563–570
   Google Scholar
• Jones M V, Bell J E, Nath A. 2000; Immunolocalization of HIV envelope gp120 in HIV encephalitis with dementia, AIDS. 14: 2709–2713
   Google Scholar
• Kaaya E E, Castanos-Velex E, Amir H, Lema L, Luande J, Kitinya J, Patarroyo M, Biberfeld P. 1996; Expression of adhesion molecules in endemic and epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma, Histopathology. 29: 337–346
   Google Scholar
• Kaul M, Garden G A, Lipton S A. 2001; Pathways to neuronal injury and apoptosis in HIV-associated dementia, Nature. 410: 988–994
   Google Scholar
• Kaul M, Lipton S A. 1999; Chemokines and activated macrophages in HIV gp120-induced neuronal apoptosis, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 96: 8212–8216
   Google Scholar
• Kluck R M, Bossy-Wetzel E, Green D R, Newmeyer D D. 1997; The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria: a primary site for Bcl-2 regulation of apoptosis, Science. 275: 1132–1136
   Google Scholar
• Kruman I I, Nath A, Mattson M P. 1998; HIV-1 protein Tat induces apoptosis of hippocampal neurons by a mechanism involving caspase activation, calcium overload, and oxidative stress, Exp Neurol. 154: 276–288
   Google Scholar
• Laemmli U K. 1970; Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4, Nature. 227: 680–685
   Google Scholar
• Lannuzel A, Barnier J V, Hery C, Huynh V T, Guibert B, Gray F, Vincent J D, Tardieu M. 1997; Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and its coat protein gp120 induce apoptosis and activate JNK and ERK mitogen-activated protein kinases in human neurons, Ann Neurol. 42: 847–856
   Google Scholar
• Li L Y, Luo X, Wang X. 2001; Endonuclease G is an apoptotic DNase when released from mitochondria, Nature. 412: 95–99
   Google Scholar
• Lipton SA. 1997; Neuropathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia, Curr Opin Neurol. 10: 247–253
   Google Scholar
• Lipton S A, Gendelman H E. 1995; Dementia associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, New Engl J Med. 332: 934–940
   Google Scholar
• Liu C, Li Y, Peng M, Laties A M, Wen R. 1999; Activation of caspase-3 in the retina of transgenic rats with the rhodopsin mutation s334ter during photoreceptor degeneration, J Neurosci. 19: 4778–4785
   Google Scholar
• Liu Y, Jones M, Hingtgen C M, Bu G, Laribee N, Tanzi R E, Moir R D, Nath A, He J J. 2000; Uptake of HIV-1 Tat protein mediated by low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein disrupts the neuronal metabolic balance of the receptor ligands, Nat Med. 6: 1380–1387
   Google Scholar
• Ma M, Nath A. 1997; Molecular determinants for cellular uptake of Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in brain cells, J Virol. 71: 2495–2499
   Google Scholar
• Marzo I, Brenner C, Zamzami N, Susin S A, Beutner G, Brdiczka D, Remy R, Xie Z H, Reed J C, Kroemer G. 1998; The permeability transition pore complex: a target for apoptosis regulation by caspases and bcl-2-related proteins, J Exp Med. 187: 1261–1271
   Google Scholar
• Masliah E, Ge N, Mucke L. 1996; Pathogenesis of HIV-1 associated neurodegeneration, Crit Rev Neurobiol. 10: 57–67
   Google Scholar
• McArthur J C, Hoover D R, Bacellar H, Miller E N, Cohen B A, Becker J T, Graham N M, McArthur J H, Selnes O A, Jacobson L P. 1993; Dementia in AIDS patients: incidence and risk factors. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, Neurology. 43: 2245–2252
   Google Scholar
• Meucci O, Fatatis A, Simen A A, Bushell T J, Gray P W, Miller R J. 1998; Chemokines regulate hippocampal neuronal signaling and gp120 neurotoxicity, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 95: 14500–14505
   Google Scholar
• Moore J P, Trkola A, Dragic T. 1997; Co-receptors for HIV-1 entry, Curr Opin Immunol. 9: 551–562
   Google Scholar
• Munis J R, Kornbluth R S, Guatelli J C, Richman D D. 1992; Ordered appearance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nucleic acids following high multiplicity infection of macrophages, J Gen Virol. 73: 1899–1906
   Google Scholar
• Namura S, Zhu J, Fink K, Endres M, Srinivasan A, Tomaselli K J, Yuan J, Moskowitz M A. 1998; Activation and cleavage of caspase-3 in apoptosis induced by experimental cerebral ischemia, J Neurosci. 18: 3659–3668
   Google Scholar
• Nath A. 2002; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proteins in neuropathogenesis of HIV dementia, J Infect Dis. 186((Suppl 2))S193–S198
   Google Scholar
• Nath A, Conant K, Chen P, Scott C, Major E O. 1999. Transient exposure to HIV-1 Tat protein results in cytokine production in macrophages and astrocytes: A hit and run phenomenon. J Biol Chem. 274: 17098–17102. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nath A, Hauser K F, Wojna V, Booze R M, Maragos W, Prendergast M, Cass W, Turchan J T. 2002; Molecular basis for interactions of HIV and drugs of abuse, J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 31((Suppl 2))S62–S69
   Google Scholar
• Nath A, Maragos W F, Avison M J, Schmitt F A, Berger J R. 2001; Acceleration of HIV dementia with methamphetamine and cocaine, J NeuroVirol. 7: 66–71
   Google Scholar
• New D R, Ma M, Epstein L G, Nath A, Gelbard H A. 1997; Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein induces death by apoptosis in primary human neuron cultures, J NeuroVirol. 3: 168–173
   Google Scholar
• New D R, Maggirwar S B, Epstein L G, Dewhurst S, Gelbard H A. 1998; HIV-1 Tat induces neuronal death via tumor necrosis factor α and activation of non-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors by a NFκB-independent mechanism, J Biol Chem. 273: 17582–17588
   Google Scholar
• Park I W, Ullrich C K, Schoenberger K, Ganju R K, Groopman J E. 2001; HIV-1 Tat induces microvascular endothelial apoptosis through caspase activation, J Immunol. 167: 2766–2771
   Google Scholar
• Parrish J, Li L, Klotz K, Ledwich D, Wang X, Xue D. 2001; Mitochondrial endonuclease G is important for apoptosis in C. elegans, Nature. 412: 90–94
   Google Scholar
• Petito C K, Roberts B. 1995; Evidence of apoptotic cell death in HIV encephalitis, Am J Pathol. 146: 1121–1130
   Google Scholar
• Piller S C, Ewart G D, Jans D A, Gage P W, Cox G B. 1999; The amino-terminal region of Vpr from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 forms ion channels and kills neurons, J Virol. 73: 4230–4238
   Google Scholar
• Ramirez S H, Sanchez J F, Dimitri C A, Gelbard H A, Dewhurst S, Maggirwar S B. 2001; Neurotrophins prevent HIV Tat-induced apoptosis via a nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB)-dependent mechanism, J Neurochem. 78: 874–889
   Google Scholar
• Rigamonti D, Bauer J H, De-Fraja C, Contio L, Sipione S, Sciorati C, Clementi E., Hackman A, Hayden M R, Li Y, Cooper J K, Ross C A, Govoni S, Vincentz C, Cattaneo E. 2000; Wild-type Huntingtin protects from apoptosis upstream of caspase-3, J Neurosci. 20: 3705–3713
   Google Scholar
• Robert-Guroff M, Popovic M, Gartner S, Markham P, Gallo R C, Reitz M S. 1990; Structure and expression of tat-, rev-, and nef-specific transcripts of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in infected lymphocytes and macrophages, J Virol. 64: 3391–3398
   Google Scholar
• Ruiz-Carillo A, Renaud J. 1987; Endonuclease G: a (dG)n X (dC)n-specific DNase from higher eukaryotes, EMBO J. 6: 401–407
   Google Scholar
• Schimmer A D, Hedley D W, Penn L Z, Minden M D. 2001; Receptor- and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in acute leukemia: a translational view, Blood. 98: 3541–3553
   Google Scholar
• Shi B, De, Girolami U, He J, Wang S, Lorenzo A, Busciglio J, Gabuzda D. 1996; Apoptosis induced by HIV-1 infection of the central nervous system, J Clin Invest. 98: 1979–1990
   Google Scholar
• Shi B, Raina J, Lorenzo A, Busciglio J, Gabuzda D. 1998; Neuronal apoptosis induced by HIV-1 Tat protein and TNF-alpha: potentiation of neurotoxicity mediated by oxidative stress and implications for HIV-1 dementia, J NeuroVirol. 4: 281–290
   Google Scholar
• Shutt D C, Soll D R. 1999; HIV-induced T-cell syncytia release a two component T-helper cell chemoattractant composed of Nef and Tat, J Cell Sci. 112: 3931–3941
   Google Scholar
• Singh I N, Goody R J, Knapp P E, Nath A, Hauser K F. 2003; HIV-1 Tat and gp120 induce apoptotic cell death in mouse striatal neurons through partly overlapping apoptotic cascades, J. Neurochem. 85((Suppl 1))35
   Google Scholar
• Springer J E, Azbill R D, Knapp P E. 1999; Activation of the caspase-3 apoptotic cascade in traumatic spinal cord injury, Nat Med. 5: 943–946
   Google Scholar
• Stennicke H R, Salvesen G S. 2000; Caspases controlling intracellular signals by protease zymogen activation, Biochim Biophys Acta. 1477: 299–306
   Google Scholar
• Su J H, Nichol K E, Sitch T, Sheu P, Chubb C, Miller B L, Tomaselli K J, Kim R C, Cotman C W. 2000; DNA damage and activated caspase-3 expression in neurons and astrocytes: evidence for apoptosis in frontotemporal dementia, Exp Neurol. 163: 9–19
   Google Scholar
• Takahashi K, Wesselingh S L, Griffin D E, McArthur J C, Johnson R T, Glass J D. 1996; Localization of HIV-1 in human brain using polymerase chain reaction/in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry, Ann Neurol. 39: 705–711
   Google Scholar
• Toggas S M, Masliah E, Rockenstein E M, Rall G F, Abraham C R, Mucke L. 1994; Central nervous system damage produced by expression of the HIV-1 coat protein gp120 in transgenic mice, Nature. 367: 188–193
   Google Scholar
• Trillo-Pazos G, McFarlane-Abdulla E, Campbell I C, Pilkington G J, Everall I P. 2000; Recombinant nef HIV-IIIB protein is toxic to human neurons in culture, Brain Res. 864: 315–326
   Google Scholar
• Vogel B E, Lee S J, Hilderbrand A, Craig W, Pierschbacher M D, Wong-Staal F, Ruoslahti E. 1993; A novel integrin specificity exemplified by binding of the α_Vβ₅ integrin to the basic domain of the HIV Tat protein and vitronectin, J Cell Biol. 121: 461, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
   Google Scholar
• Yang J, Liu X, Bhalla K, Kim C N, Ibrado A M, Cai J, Peng T-I, Jones D P, Wang X. 1997; Prevention of apoptosis by Bcl-2: release of cytochrome c from mitochondria blocked, Science. 275: 1129–1132
   Google Scholar
• Yeung M C, Geertsma F, Liu J, Lau A S. 1998; Inhibition of HIV-1 gp120-induced apoptosis in neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells by an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide against p53, AIDS. 12: 349–54
   Google Scholar
• Yeung M C, Pulliam I, Lau A S. 1995; The HIV envelope protein gp120 is toxic to human brain-cell cultures through the induction of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, AIDS. 9: 137–143
   Google Scholar
• Zheng J, Thylin M R, Ghorpade A, Xiong H, Persidsky Y, Cotter R, Niemann D, Che M, Zeng Y C, Gelbard H A, Shepard R B, Swartz J M, Gendelman H E. 1999; Intracellular CXCR4 signaling, neuronal apoptosis and neuropathogenic mechanisms of HIV-1-associated dementia, J Neuroimmunol. 98: 185–200
   Google Scholar