Significantly increased antibody response to heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins in cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients but not in patients with human T-lymphotropic virus type I–associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis

References

• Berger T, Rubner P, Schautzer F, Egg R, Ulmer H, Mayringer I, Dilitz E, Deisenhammer F, Reindl M. Antimyelin antibodies as a predictor of clinically definite multiple sclerosis after a first demyelinating event. N Engl J Med 2003; 349: 139–145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brumwell C, Antolik C, Carson J H, Barbarese E. Intracellular trafficking of hnRNP A2 in oligodendrocytes. Exp Cell Res 2002; 279: 310–320
   Google Scholar
• Burd C G, Dreyfuss G. Conserved structures and diversity of functions of RNA-binding proteins. Science 1994; 265: 615–621
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Couratier P, Yi F H, Preud'homme J L, Clavelou P, White A, Sindou P, Vallat J M, Jauberteau M O. Serum autoantibodies to neurofilament proteins in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 1998; 154: 137–145
   Google Scholar
• Greidinger E L, Gazitt T, Jaimes K F, Hoffman R W. Human T cell clones specific for heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2 autoantigen from connective tissue disease patients assist in autoantibody production. Arthritis Rheum 2004; 50: 2216–2222
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hanon E, Goon P, Taylor G P, Hasegawa H, Tanaka Y, Weber J N, Bangham C R. High production of interferon but not interleukin-2 by human T-lymphotropic virus type I-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Blood 2001; 98: 721–726
   Google Scholar
• Hassfeld W, Steiner G, Studnicka-Benke A, Skriner K, Graninger W, Fischer I, Smolen J S. Autoimmune response to the spliceosome. An immunologic link between rheumatoid arthritis, mixed connective tissue disease and systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1995; 38: 777–785
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Izumo S, Goto I, Itoyama Y, Okajima T, Watanabe S, Kuroda Y, Araki S, Mori M, Nagataki S, Matsukura S, Akamine T, Nakagawa M, Yamamoto I, Osame M. Interferon-alpha is effective in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Neurology 1996; 46: 1016–1021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobson S, Shida H, McFarlin D E, Fauci A S, Koenig S. Circulating CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for HTLV-I pX in patients with HTLV-I associated neurological disease. Nature 1990; 348: 245–248
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jernigan M, Morcos Y, Lee S M, Dohan F C, Jr, Raine C, Levin M C. IgG in brain correlates with clinicopathological damage in HTLV-1 associated neurologic disease. Neurology 2003; 60: 1320–1327
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones D A, Yawalkar N, Suh K Y, Sadat S, Rich B, Kupper T S. Identification of autoantigens in psoriatic plaques using expression cloning. J Invest Dermatol 2004; 123: 93–100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krecic A M, Swanson M S. hnRNP complexes: composition, structure, and function. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1999; 11: 363–371
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuroda Y, Matsui M, Yukitake M, Kurohara K, Takashima H, Takashima Y, Endo C, Kato A, Mihara F. Assessment of MRI criteria for MS in Japanese MS and HAM/TSP. Neurology 1995; 45: 30–33
   Google Scholar
• Levin M C, Krichavsky M, Berk J, Foley S, Rosenfeld M, Dalmau J, Chang G, Posner J B, Jacobson S. Neuronal molecular mimicry in immune-mediated neurologic disease. Ann Neurol 1998; 44: 87–98
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin M C, Lee S M, Kalume F, Morcos Y, Dohan F C, Jr, Hasty K A, Callaway J C, Zunt J, Desiderio D, Stuart J M. Autoimmunity due to molecular mimicry as a cause of neurological disease. Nat Med 2002; 8: 509–513
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maggipinto M, Rabiner C, Kidd G J, Hawkins A J, Smith R, Barbarese E. Increased expression of the MBP mRNA binding protein hnRNP A2 during oligodendrocyte differentiation. J Neurosci Res 2004; 75: 614–623
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald W I, Compston A, Edan G, Goodkin D, Hartung H P, Lublin F D, McFarland H F, Paty D W, Polman C H, Reingold S C, Sandberg-Wollheim M, Sibley W, Thompson A, van den Noort S, Weinshenker B Y, Wolinsky J S. Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2001; 50: 121–127
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer O, Tauxe F, Fabregas D, Gabay C, Goycochea M, Haim T, Elias A, Kahn M F. Anti-RA33 antinuclear autoantibody in rheumatoid arthritis and mixed connective tissue disease: comparison with antikeratin and antiperinuclear antibodies. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1993; 11: 473–478
   Google Scholar
• Munro T P, Magee R J, Kidd G J, Carson J H, Barbarese E, Smith L M, Smith R. Mutational analysis of a nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2 response element for RNA trafficking. J Biol Chem 1999; 274: 34389–34395
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagai M, Jacobson S. Immunopathogenesisi of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I-associated myelopathy. Curr Opin Neurol 2001; 14: 381–386
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noseworthy J H, Lucchinetti C, Rodriguez M, Weinshenker B G. Multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 938–952
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osame M. Review of WHO Kagoshima Meeting and Diagnostic guidelines for HAM/TSP. Human retrovirology: HTLV, 1st ed., W A Blattner. Raven Press, New York 1990; 191–197
   Google Scholar
• Osame M. Pathological mechanisms of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-associated myelopathy (HAM/TSP). J NeuroVirol 2002; 8: 359–364
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steiner G, Hartmuth K, Skriner K, Maurer-Fogy I, Sinski A, Thalmann E, Hassfeld W, Barta A, Smolen J S. Purification and partial sequencing of the nuclear autoantigen RA33 shows that it is indistinguishable from the A2 protein of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex. J Clin Invest 1992; 90: 1061–1066
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinman L. Multiple sclerosis: a coordinated immunological attack against myelin in the central nervous system. Cell 1996; 85: 299–302
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sueoka E, Sueoka N, Goto Y, Matsuyama S, Nishimura H, Sato M, Fujimura S, Chiba H, Fujiki H. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein B1 as early cancer biomarker for occult cancer of human lungs and bronchial dysplasia. Cancer Res 2001; 61: 1896–1902
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sueoka E, Yukitake M, Iwanaga K, Sueoka N, Aihara T, Kuroda Y. Autoantibodies against heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein B1 in CSF of MS patients. Ann Neurol 2004; 56: 778–786
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar