78
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Case reports

Varicella-zoster virus vasculopathy and central nervous system immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome with human immunodeficiency virus infection treated with steroids

& , MD
Pages 288-291 | Received 01 Jan 2009, Published online: 13 Aug 2009

References

  • Antinori A, Perno CF, Giancola ML, Forbici F, Ippolito G, Hoetelmans RM, Piscitelli SC. Efficacy of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-penetrating antiretroviral drugs against HIV in the neurological compartment: different patterns of phenotypic resistance in CSF and plasma. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 41: 1787–1793
  • Berkeley JL, Lopez FA, Nath A, Pardo CA. Fatal immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome with HIV infection and candida meningitis: case report and review of literature. J NeuroVirol 2008; 14: 267–276
  • Dhasmana DJ, Dheda K, Ravn P, Wilkinson RJ, Meintjes G. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy; pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and management. Drugs 2008; 68: 192–202
  • Gray F, Bazille C, Adle-Biassette H, Mikol J, Moulignier A, Scaravilli F. Central nervous system immune reconstitution disease in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients receiving highly active antiretroviral treatment. J NeuroVirol 2005; 11(Suppl 3)16–22
  • Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Gilden DH. Varicella-zoster virus infections of the nervous system: clinical and pathological correlates. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2001; 125: 770–779
  • Letendre S, Marquie-Beck J, Capparelli E, Best B, Clifford D, Collier AC, Gelman BB, McArthur JC, McCutchan JA, Morgello S, Simpson D, Grant I, Ellis RJ. Validation of the CNS penetration-effectiveness rank for quantifying antiretroviral penetration into the central nervous system. Arch Neurol 2008; 65: 65–70
  • Manabe YC, Campbell JD, Snydor E, Moore RD. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; risk factors and treatment implications. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2007; 46: 456–462
  • Murdoch, DM, Venter, W, Van Rie, A, Feldman, C. 2007. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS): review of common infectious manifestations and treatment options. AIDS Res Ther, 4: 9.
  • Nagel MA, Cohrs RJ, Mahalingam R, Wellish MC, Forghani B, Schiller A, Safdieh JE, Kamenkovich E, Ostrow LW, Levy M, Greenberg B, Russman AN, Katzan I, Gardner CJ, Hausler M, Nau R, Saraya T, Wada H, Goto H, de Martino M, Ueno M, Brown WD, Terborg C, Gilden DH. The varicella zoster virus vasculopathies: clinical, CSF, imaging, and virologic features. Neurology 2008; 70: 853–859
  • Nagel MA, Forghani B, Mahalingam R, Wellish MS, Cohrs RJ, Russman AN, Katzan I, Lin R, Gardner CJ, Gilden DH. The value of detecting anti-VZV IgG antibody in CSF to diagnose VZV vasculopathy. Neurology 2007; 68: 1069–1073
  • Orme HT, Smith AG, Nagel MA, Bert RJ, Mickelson TS, Gilden DH. VZV spinal cord infarction identified by diffusion-weighted MRI. Neurology 2007; 69: 398–400
  • Patel AK, Patel KK, Shah SD, Desai J. Immune reconstitution syndrome presenting with cerebral varicella zoster vasculitis in HIV-1-infected patient: a case report. J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care 2006; 4: 157–160
  • Riedel DJ, Pardo CA, McArthur J, Nath A. Therapy insight: CNS manifestations of HIV-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Nat Clin Pract Neurol 2006; 2: 557–565
  • Shelburne SA, Visnegarwala F, Darcourt J, Graviss EA, Giordano TP, White AC, Hamill RJ. Incidence and risk factors for immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome during highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2004; 19: 399–406
  • Venkataramana A, Pardo CA, McArthur JC, Kerr DA, Irani DN, Griffin JW, Burger P, Reich DS, Calabresi PA, Nath A. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in the CNS of HIV-infected patients. Neurology 2006; 67: 383–388

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.