References
- Kirkaldy-Willis WH, Cassidy JD Toward a more precise diagnosis of low back pain In Spine (update 1984) San Francisco Radiology Research and Education Foundation 1983 pp5–16
- Mick T, Phillips RB, Breen A Spinal imaging and spinal biomechanics Ed Haldeman S Appleton & Lange, East Norwalk, Connecticut 1992 pp402–12
- Dupuis PR, Yong-Hing K, Cassidy JD, Kirkaldy-Willis WH Radiological diagnosis of degenerative lumbar spinal instability Spine 1985 10:262–76
- Grieve GP Lumbar instability Physiotherapy 1982 68:2–9
- Paris SV Physical signs of instability Spine 1985 10:277–9
- Gehweiler JA, Osborne RL, Becker RF The radiology of vertebral trauma WB Saunders, Philadelphia 1980 pp 99–100, 215–17, 229, 236, 273, 276
- Frymoyer JW, Newberg A, Pope MH, Wilder DG, Clements J, MacPherson B Spine radiographs in patients with low back pain J Bone Joint Surg 1984 66A: 1048–5
- Friberg O Lumbar instability: a dynamic approach by traction-compression radiography Spine 1987 12:119–29
- Frymoyer JW, Selby DK Segmental instability: rationale for treatment Spine 1985 10:280–6
- Sandoz R The natural history of a spinal degenerative lesion Ann Swiss Chiro Assoc 1989 9:149–92
- Cassidy JD, Potter GE Motion examination of the lumbar spine J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1979 2:151–8
- Hanley EN, Matteri RE, Frymoyer JW Accurate roentgenographic determination of lumbar flexion-extension Clin Orthop 1976 115:145–8
- Dvorak J, Panjabi MM, Chang DG, Theiler R, Gross D Functional radiographic diagnosis of the lumbar spine: flexion-extension and lateral bending Spine 1991 16:562–71
- Hayes MA, Howard TC, Gruel CR, Kopta JA Roentgenographic evaluation of the a lumbar spine flexion-extension in asymptomatic individuals Spine 1989 14:327–31
- Pearcy M, Portelk I, Shapherd J The effect of low back pain on lumbar spinal movements measured by three-dimensional x-ray analysis Spine 1985 10:150–3
- Sandoz R Technique and interpretation of functional radiography of the lumbar spine Ann Swiss Chiro Assoc 1965 3:66–110
- Tallroth K, Alaranta H, Soukka A Lumbar mobility in asymptomatic individuals J Spinal Disorders 1992 5:481–84