Enhanced speech perception capabilities in a blind listener are associated with activation of fusiform gyrus and primary visual cortex

REFERENCES

• Amedi , A. , Raz , N. , Pianka , P. , Malach , R. and Zohary , E. 2003 . Early ‘visual’ cortex activation correlates with superior verbal memory performance in the blind . Nature Neuroscience, , 6 : 758 – 766 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amedi , A. , Floel , A. , Knecht , S. , Zohary , E. and Cohen , L.G. 2004 . Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the occipital pole interferes with verbal processing in blind subjects . Nature Neuroscience , 7 : 1266 – 1270 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binder , J. R. , Medler , D. A. , Westbury , C. F. , Liebenthal , E. and Buchanan , L. 2006 . Tuning of the human left fusiform gyrus to sublexical orthographic structure . Neuroimage , 33 : 739 – 774 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boersma, P., & Weenink, D. (2008). Praat: Doing phonetics by computer www.praat.org
   Google Scholar
• Büchel , C. , Price , C. , Frackowiak , R. S. J. and Friston , K. 1998 . Different activation patterns in the visual cortex of late and congenitally blind subjects . Brain , 121 : 409 – 419 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Büchel , C. , Price , C. and Friston , K. 1998 . A multimodal language region in the ventral visual pathway . Nature , 394 : 274 – 277 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burton , H. , Snyder , A.Z. , Conturo , T. E. , Akbudak , E. , Ollinger , J. M. and Raichle , M. E. 2002 . Adaptive changes in early and late blind: A fMRI study of braille reading . Journal of Neurophysiology , 87 : 589 – 607 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao , F. , Bitan , T. and Booth , J. R. 2008 . Effective brain connectivity in children with reading difficulties during phonological processing . Brain and Language , 107 : 91 – 101 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen , L. G. , Celnik , P. , PascualLeone , A. , Corwell , B. , Faiz , L. , Dambrosia , J. , Honda , M. , Sadato , N. , Gerloff , C. , Catala , M. D. and Hallett , M. 1997 . Functional relevance of cross-modal plasticity in blind humans . Nature , 389 : 180 – 183 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cone , N. E. , Burman , D. D. , Bitan , T. , Bolger , D. J. and Booth , J. R. 2008 . Developmental changes in brain regions involved in phonological and orthographic processing during spoken language processing . Neuroimage , 41 : 623 – 635 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis , M. H. and Johnsrude , I. S. 2003 . Hierarchical processing in spoken language comprehension . Journal of Neuroscience , 23 : 3423 – 3431 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietz , N. A. E. , Jones , K. M. , Gareau , L. , Zeffiro , T. A. and Eden , G. F. 2005 . Phonological decoding involves left posterior fusiform gyrus . Human Brain Mapping , 26 : 81 – 93 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hertrich , I. , Mathiak , K. , Lutzenberger , W. and Ackermann , H. 2009 . Time course of early audiovisual interactions during speech and non-speech central-auditory processing: A magnetoencephalography study . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 21 : 259 – 274 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• JAWS (Job Access with Speech) (2008). Screenreader software http://www.freedomsci.de
   Google Scholar
• MacDonald , J. and McGurk , H. 1978 . Visual influences on speech perception processes . Perception and Psychophysics , 24 : 253 – 257 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moos , A. and Trouvain , J. Comprehension of ultra-fast speech – blind vs. ‘normally hearing’ persons . Proceedings of the 16th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences . Saarbrücken. Edited by: Trouvain , J. and Barry , W. J. pp. 677 – 680 . Saarland University .
   Google Scholar
• Oldfield , R. C. 1971 . The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory . Neuropsychologia , 9 : 97 – 113 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poirier , C. , Collignon , O. , Scheiber , C. , Renier , L. , Vanlierde , A. , Tranduy , D. , Veraart , C. and De Volder , A. G. 2006 . Auditory motion perception activates visual motion areas in early blind subjects . Neuroimage , 31 : 279 – 285 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramus , F. 2003 . Developmental dyslexia: Specific phonological deficit or general sensorimotor dysfunction? . Current Opinion in Neurobiology , 13 : 212 – 218 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Röder , B. , Rösler , F. and Neville , H. J. 1999 . Effects of interstimulus interval on auditory event-related potentials in congenitally blind and normally sighted humans . Neuroscience Letters , 264 : 53 – 56 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Röder , B. , Rösler , F. and Neville , H. J. 2001 . Auditory memory in congenitally blind adults: A behavioral-electrophysiological investigation . Cognitive Brain Research , 11 : 289 – 303 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stevens , A. A. and Weaver , K. 2005 . Auditory perceptual consolidation in early-onset blindness . Neuropsychologia , 43 : 1901 – 1910 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stevens , A. A. , Snodgrass , M. , Schwartz , D. and Weaver , K. 2007 . Preparatory activity in occipital cortex in early blind humans predicts auditory perceptual performance . Journal of Neuroscience , 27 : 10734 – 10741 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sumby , W. H. and Pollack , I. 1954 . Visual contribution to speech intelligibility in noise . Journal of the Acoustical Society of America , 26 : 212 – 215 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar