The functional magnetic resonance imaging-based verbal fluency test in obsessive–compulsive disorder

REFERENCES

• Alario , F. X. , Chainay , H. , Lehericy , S. and Cohen , L. 2006 . The role of the supplementary motor area (SMA) in word production . Brain Research , 1076 ( 1 ) : 129 – 143 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen , M. D. and Fong , A. K. 2008a . Clinical application of standardized cognitive assessment using fMRI. I. Matrix reasoning . Behavioral Neurology , 20 ( 3 ) : 127 – 140 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen , M. D. and Fong , A. K. 2008b . Clinical application of standardized cognitive assessment using fMRI. II. Verbal fluency . Behavioral Neurology , 20 ( 3 ) : 141 – 152 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association . 2000 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders – 4th edition, text revision , 4th , Washington , DC : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Bannon , S. , Gonsalvez , C. J. , Croft , R. J. and Boyce , P. M. 2006 . Executive functions in obsessive-compulsive disorder: State or trait deficits? . Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry , 40 ( 11–12 ) : 1031 – 1038 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basho , S. , Palmer , E. D. , Rubio , M. A. , Wulfeck , B. and Muller , R. A. 2007 . Effects of generation mode in fMRI adaptations of semantic fluency: Paced production and overt speech . Neuropsychologia , 45 ( 8 ) : 1697 – 1706 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biber , M. P. , Kneisley , L. W. and LaVail , J. H. 1978 . Cortical neurons projecting to the cervical and lumbar enlargements of the spinal cord in young and adult rhesus monkeys . Experimental Neurology , 59 ( 3 ) : 492 – 508 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bloch , M. H. , Landeros-Weisenberger , A. , Rosario , M. C. , Pittenger , C. and Leckman , J. F. 2008 . Meta-analysis of the symptom structure of obsessive-compulsive disorder . American Journal of Psychiatry , 165 ( 12 ) : 1532 – 1542 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braak , H. 1976 . A primitive gigantopyramidal field buried in the depth of the cingulate sulcus of the human brain . Brain Research , 109 ( 2 ) : 219 – 223 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breiter , H. C. and Rauch , S. L. 1996 . Functional MRI and the study of OCD: From symptom provocation to cognitive-behavioral probes of cortico-striatal systems and the amygdala . Neuroimage , 4 ( 3 Pt 3 ) : S127 – 138 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown , G. G. 2007 . Functional magnetic resonance imaging in clinical practice: Look before you leap . Neuropsychology Review , 17 ( 2 ) : 103 – 106 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown , J. W. and Braver , T. S. 2005 . Learned predictions of error likelihood in the anterior cingulate cortex . Science , 307 ( 5712 ) : 1118 – 1121 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burdick , K. E. , Robinson , D. G. , Malhotra , A. K. and Szeszko , P. R. 2008 . Neurocognitive profile analysis in obsessive-compulsive disorder . Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , 14 ( 4 ) : 640 – 645 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chassagnon , S. , Minotti , L. , Kremer , S. , Hoffmann , D. and Kahane , P. 2008 . Somatosensory, motor, and reaching/grasping responses to direct electrical stimulation of the human cingulate motor areas . Journal of Neurosurgery , 109 ( 4 ) : 593 – 604 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costafreda , S. G. , Fu , C. H. , Lee , L. , Everitt , B. , Brammer , M. J. and David , A. S. 2006 . A systematic review and quantitative appraisal of fMRI studies of verbal fluency: Role of the left inferior frontal gyrus . Human Brain Mapping , 27 ( 10 ) : 799 – 810 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crosson , B. , Sadek , J. R. , Bobholz , J. A. , Gokcay , D. , Mohr , C. M. Leonard , C. M. 1999 . Activity in the paracingulate and cingulate sulci during word generation: An fMRI study of functional anatomy . Cerebral Cortex , 9 ( 4 ) : 307 – 316 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deblieck , C. , Pesenti , G. , Scifo , P. , Fazio , F. , Bricolo , E. and Lo Russo , G. 2003 . Preserved functional competence of perilesional areas in drug-resistant epilepsy with lesion in supplementary motor cortex: fMRI and neuropsychological observations . Neuroimage , 20 ( 4 ) : 2225 – 2234 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desmond , J. E. and Chen , S. H. 2002 . Ethical issues in the clinical application of fMRI: Factors affecting the validity and interpretation of activations . Brain Cognition , 50 ( 3 ) : 482 – 497 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drewe , E. A. 1975 . Go – no go learning after frontal lobe lesions in humans . Cortex , 11 ( 1 ) : 8 – 16 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dum , R. P. and Strick , P. L. 2002 . Motor areas in the frontal lobe of the primate . Physiology & Behavior , 77 ( 4–5 ) : 677 – 682 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• First , M. B. , Spitzer , R. L. , Gibbon , M. and Williams , J. B. 1997 . Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders , Washington , DC : American Psychiatric Press .
   Google Scholar
• Floden , D. and Stuss , D. T. 2006 . Inhibitory control is slowed in patients with right superior medial frontal damage . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 18 ( 11 ) : 1843 – 1849 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foa , E. B. , Huppert , J. D. , Leiberg , S. , Langner , R. , Kichic , R. Hajcak , G. 2002 . The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory: Development and validation of a short version . Psychological Assessment , 14 ( 4 ) : 485 – 496 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodman , W. K. , Price , L. H. , Rasmussen , S. A. , Mazure , C. , Delgado , P. Heninger , G. R. 1989 . The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. II. Validity . Archives of General Psychiatry , 46 ( 11 ) : 1012 – 1016 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodman , W. K. , Price , L. H. , Rasmussen , S. A. , Mazure , C. , Fleischmann , R. L. Hill , C. L. 1989 . The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. I. Development, use, and reliability . Archives of General Psychiatry , 46 ( 11 ) : 1006 – 1011 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanakawa , T. , Ikeda , A. , Sadato , N. , Okada , T. , Fukuyama , H. Nagamine , T. 2001 . Functional mapping of human medial frontal motor areas. The combined use of functional magnetic resonance imaging and cortical stimulation . Experimental Brain Research , 138 ( 4 ) : 403 – 409 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hariri , A. R. 2009 . The neurobiology of individual differences in complex behavioral traits . Annual Review of Neuroscience , 32 : 225 – 247 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hasnain , M. K. , Fox , P. T. and Woldorff , M. G. 1998 . Intersubject variability of functional areas in the human visual cortex . Human Brain Mapping , 6 ( 4 ) : 301 – 315 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henry , J. D. 2006 . A meta-analytic review of Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and verbal fluency performance in obsessive-compulsive disorder . Cognitive Neuropsychiatry , 11 ( 2 ) : 156 – 176 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hill , R. W. , Huelsman , T. J. , Furr , R. M. , Kibler , J. , Vicente , B. B. and Kennedy , C. 2004 . A new measure of perfectionism: The Perfectionism Inventory . Journal of Personal Assessment , 82 ( 1 ) : 80 – 91 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isoda , M. and Hikosaka , O. 2007 . Switching from automatic to controlled action by monkey medial frontal cortex . Nature Neuroscience , 10 ( 2 ) : 240 – 248 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jezzard , P. and Buxton , R. B. 2006 . The clinical potential of functional magnetic resonance imaging . Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging , 23 ( 6 ) : 787 – 793 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessler , R. C. , Berglund , P. , Demler , O. , Jin , R. , Merikangas , K. R. and Walters , E. E. 2005 . Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication . Archives of General Psychiatry , 62 ( 6 ) : 593 – 602 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessler , R. C. , Chiu , W. T. , Demler , O. , Merikangas , K. R. and Walters , E. E. 2005 . Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication . Archives of General Psychiatry , 62 ( 6 ) : 617 – 627 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lau , H. C. , Rogers , R. D. , Haggard , P. and Passingham , R. E. 2004 . Attention to intention . Science , 303 ( 5661 ) : 1208 – 1210 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lezak , M. D. 1995 . Neuropsychological assessment , 3rd , New York , NY : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Maia , T. V. , Cooney , R. E. and Peterson , B. S. 2008 . The neural bases of obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adults . Developmental Psychopathology , 20 ( 4 ) : 1251 – 1283 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maltby , N. , Tolin , D. F. , Worhunsky , P. , O'Keefe , T. M. and Kiehl , K. A. 2005 . Dysfunctional action monitoring hyperactivates frontal-striatal circuits in obsessive-compulsive disorder: An event-related fMRI study . Neuroimage , 24 ( 2 ) : 495 – 503 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mataix-Cols , D. , Wooderson , S. , Lawrence , N. , Brammer , M. J. , Speckens , A. and Phillips , M. L. 2004 . Distinct neural correlates of washing, checking, and hoarding symptom dimensions in obsessive-compulsive disorder . Archives of General Psychiatry , 61 ( 6 ) : 564 – 576 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mataix-Cols , D. , Rahman , Q. , Spiller , M. , Alonso , M. P. , Pifarre , J. Menchon , J. M. 2006 . Are there sex differences in neuropsychological functions among patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder? . Applied Neuropsychology , 13 ( 1 ) : 42 – 50 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menzies , L. , Achard , S. , Chamberlain , S. R. , Fineberg , N. , Chen , C. H. del Campo , N. 2007 . Neurocognitive endophenotypes of obsessive-compulsive disorder . Brain , 130 ( Pt 12 ) : 3223 – 3236 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menzies , L. , Chamberlain , S. R. , Laird , A. R. , Thelen , S. M. , Sahakian , B. J. and Bullmore , E. T. 2008 . Integrating evidence from neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder: The orbitofronto-striatal model revisited . Neuroscience Biobehavioral Reviews , 32 ( 3 ) : 525 – 549 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitterschiffthaler , M. T. , Ettinger , U. , Mehta , M. A. , Mataix-Cols , D. and Williams , S. C. 2006 . Applications of functional magnetic resonance imaging in psychiatry . Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging , 23 ( 6 ) : 851 – 861 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moretz , M. W. and McKay , D. 2009 . The role of perfectionism in obsessive-compulsive symptoms: ‘not just right’ experiences and checking compulsions . Journal of Anxiety Disorders , 23 ( 5 ) : 640 – 644 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nabeyama , M. , Nakagawa , A. , Yoshiura , T. , Nakao , T. , Nakatani , E. Togao , O. 2008 . Functional MRI study of brain activation alterations in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder after symptom improvement . Psychiatry Research , 163 ( 3 ) : 236 – 247 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nachev , P. 2006 . Cognition and medial frontal cortex in health and disease . Current Opinion in Neurology , 19 ( 6 ) : 586 – 592 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nachev , P. , Wydell , H. , O'Neill , K , Husain , M. and Kennard , C. 2007 . The role of the pre–supplementary motor area in the control of action . Neuroimage , 36 ( Suppl 2 ) : T155 – 163 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nachev , P. , Kennard , C. and Husain , M. 2008 . Functional role of the supplementary and pre-supplementary motor areas . Nature Reviews Neuroscience , 9 ( 11 ) : 856 – 869 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakamura , K. , Sakai , K. and Hikosaka , O. 1999 . Effects of local inactivation of monkey medial frontal cortex in learning of sequential procedures . Journal of Neurophysiology , 82 ( 2 ) : 1063 – 1068 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nuttin , B. J. , Gabriels , L. A. , Cosyns , P. R. , Meyerson , B. A. , Andreewitch , S. Sunaert , S. G. 2003 . Long-term electrical capsular stimulation in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder . Neurosurgery , 52 ( 6 ) : 1263 – 1272 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Penny , W. D. , Holmes , A. P. and Friston , K. J. 2004 . “ Random effects analysis ” . In Human brain function , 2nd , Edited by: Frackowiak , R. S. J. , Friston , K. J. , Frith , C. , Dolan , R. , Price , C. J. , Zeki , S. , Ashburner , J. and Penny , W. D. Oxford , UK : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Picard , N. and Strick , P. L. 1996 . Motor areas of the medial wall: A review of their location and functional activation . Cerebral Cortex , 6 ( 3 ) : 342 – 353 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Picton , T. W. , Stuss , D. T. , Alexander , M. P. , Shallice , T. , Binns , M. A. and Gillingham , S. 2007 . Effects of focal frontal lesions on response inhibition . Cerebral Cortex , 17 ( 4 ) : 826 – 838 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pujol , J. , Torres , L. , Deus , J. , Cardoner , N. , Pifarre , J. Capdevila , A. 1999 . Functional magnetic resonance imaging study of frontal lobe activation during word generation in obsessive-compulsive disorder . Biological Psychiatry , 45 ( 7 ) : 891 – 897 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rauch , S. L. 2000 . Neuroimaging research and the neurobiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder: Where do we go from here? . Biological Psychiatry , 47 ( 3 ) : 168 – 170 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rauch , S. L. 2003 . Neuroimaging and neurocircuitry models pertaining to the neurosurgical treatment of psychiatric disorders . Neurosurgery Clinics of North America , 14 ( 2 ) : 213 – 223 . vii – viii .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson , R. 2004 . FMRI beyond the clinic: Will it ever be ready for prime time? . PLoS Biology , 2 ( 6 ) : e150
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rotge , J. Y. , Guehl , D. , Dilharreguy , B. , Cuny , E. , Tignol , J. Bioulac , B. 2008 . Provocation of obsessive-compulsive symptoms: A quantitative voxel-based meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies . Journal of Psychiatry Neuroscience , 33 ( 5 ) : 405 – 412 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rushworth , M. F. , Hadland , K. A. , Paus , T. and Sipila , P. K. 2002 . Role of the human medial frontal cortex in task switching: A combined fMRI and TMS study . Journal of Neurophysiology , 87 ( 5 ) : 2577 – 2592 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saxena , S. , Brody , A. L. , Ho , M. L. , Zohrabi , N. , Maidment , K. M. and Baxter , L. R. Jr . 2003 . Differential brain metabolic predictors of response to paroxetine in obsessive-compulsive disorder versus major depression . American Journal of Psychiatry , 160 ( 3 ) : 522 – 532 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seghier , M. L. , Lazeyras , F. , Pegna , A. J. , Annoni , J. M. and Khateb , A. 2008 . Group analysis and the subject factor in functional magnetic resonance imaging: Analysis of fifty right-handed healthy subjects in a semantic language task . Human Brain Mapping , 29 ( 4 ) : 461 – 477 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shugart , Y. Y. , Wang , Y. , Samuels , J. F. , Grados , M. A. , Greenberg , B. D. Knowles , J. A. 2009 . A family-based association study of the glutamate transporter gene SLC1A1 in obsessive-compulsive disorder in 378 families . American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics , 150B : 886 – 892 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strauss , E. , Sherman , E. M. S. and Spreen , O. 2006 . A compendium of neuropsychological tests: Administration, norms and commentary , 3rd , New York , NY : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , S. , McKay , D. and Abramowitz , J. S. 2005 . Hierarchical structure of dysfunctional beliefs in obsessive-compulsive disorder . Cognitive Behavior Therapy , 34 ( 4 ) : 216 – 228 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Taylor , S. F. , Stern , E. R. and Gehring , W. J. 2007 . Neural systems for error monitoring: Recent findings and theoretical perspectives . Neuroscientist , 13 ( 2 ) : 160 – 172 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tremblay , P. and Gracco , V. L. 2006 . Contribution of the frontal lobe to externally and internally specified verbal responses: fMRI evidence . Neuroimage , 33 ( 3 ) : 947 – 957 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tzourio-Mazoyer , N. , Landeau , B. , Papathanassiou , D. , Crivello , F. , Etard , O. Delcroix , N. 2002 . Automated anatomical labeling of activations in SPM using a macroscopic anatomical parcellation of the MNI MRI single-subject brain . Neuroimage , 15 ( 1 ) : 273 – 289 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ursu , S. , Stenger , V. A. , Shear , M. K. , Jones , M. R. and Carter , C. S. 2003 . Overactive action monitoring in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging . Psychology Science , 14 ( 4 ) : 347 – 353 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vogt , B. A. and Vogt , L. 2003 . Cytology of human dorsal midcingulate and supplementary motor cortices . Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy , 26 ( 4 ) : 301 – 309 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , Y. , Samuels , J. F. , Chang , Y. C. , Grados , M. A. , Greenberg , B. D. Knowles , J. A. 2009 . Gender differences in genetic linkage and association on 11p15 in obsessive-compulsive disorder families . American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics , 150B ( 1 ) : 33 – 40 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wechsler , D. 1999 . Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence , San Antonio , TX : The Psychological Corporation .
   Google Scholar
• Wendland , J. R. , Moya , P. R. , Timpano , K. R. , Anavitarte , A. P. , Kruse , M. R. Wheaton , M. G. 2009 . A haplotype containing quantitative trait loci for SLC1A1 gene expression and its association with obsessive-compulsive disorder . Archives of General Psychiatry , 66 ( 4 ) : 408 – 416 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu , K. D. and Cortesi , G. T. 2009 . Relations between perfectionism and obsessive-compulsive symptoms: Examination of specificity among the dimensions . Jouranl of Anxiety Disorders , 23 ( 3 ) : 393 – 400 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiong , J. , Rao , S. , Jerabek , P. , Zamarripa , F. , Woldorff , M. Lancaster , J. 2000 . Intersubject variability in cortical activations during a complex language task . Neuroimage , 12 ( 3 ) : 326 – 339 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yucel , M. , Harrison , B. J. , Wood , S. J. , Fornito , A. , Wellard , R. M. Pujol , J. 2007 . Functional and biochemical alterations of the medial frontal cortex in obsessive-compulsive disorder . Archives of General Psychiatry , 64 ( 8 ) : 946 – 955 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar