Prodromal posterior cortical atrophy: clinical, neuropsychological, and radiological correlation

References

• Alladi, S., Xuereb, J., Bak, T., Nestor, P., Knibb, J., Patterson, K., & Hodges, J. R. (2007). Focal cortical presentations of Alzheimer’s disease. Brain, 130, 2636–2645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashburner, J., & Friston, K. J. (2000). Voxel-based morphometry – the methods. NeuroImage, 11, 805–821.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benson, D. F., Davis, R. J., & Snyder, B. D. (1988). Posterior Cortical Atrophy. Archives of Neurology, 45, 789–793.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crutch, S. J., Lehmann, M., Gorgoraptis, N., Kaski, D., Ryan, N., Husain, M., & Warrington, E. K. (2011). Abnormal visual phenomena in posterior cortical atrophy. Neurocase, 17, 160–177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crutch, S. J., Lehmann, M., Schott, J. M., Rabinovici, G. D., Rossor, M. N., & Fox, N. C. (2012). Posterior cortical atrophy. Lancet Neurology, 11, 170–178.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crutch, S. J., Schott, J. M., Rabinovici, G. D., Boeve, B. F., Cappa, S. F., Dickerson, B. C., … Fox, N. C. (2013). Shining a light on posterior cortical atrophy. Alzheimers & Dementia, 9, 463–465.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (2000). California verbal learning Test (2nd ed.). San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• de Souza, L. C., Corlier, F., Habert, M. O., Uspenskaya, O., Maroy, R., Lamari, F., … Sarazin, M. (2011). Similar amyloid-beta burden in posterior cortical atrophy and Alzheimer’s disease. Brain, 134, 2036–2043.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubois, B., Feldman, H. H., Jacova, C., Cummings, J. L., Dekosky, S. T., Barberger-Gateau, P., … Scheltens, P. (2010). Revising the definition of Alzheimer’s disease: A new lexicon. Lancet Neurol, 9, 1118–1127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duff, K., Lyketsos, C. G., Beglinger, L. J., Chelune, G., Moser, D. J., Arndt, S.… McCaffrey, R. J. (2011). Practice effects predict cognitive outcome in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19, 932–939.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Formaglio, M., Costes, N., Seguin, J., Tholance, Y., Le Bars, D., Roullet-Solignac, I., … Vighetto, A. (2011). In vivo demonstration of amyloid burden in posterior cortical atrophy: A case series with PET and CSF findings. Journal of Neurology, 258, 1841–1851.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galton, C. J., Patterson, K., Xuereb, J. H., & Hodges, J. R. (2000). Atypical and typical presentations of Alzheimer’s disease: A clinical, neuropsychological, neuroimaging and pathological study of 13 cases. Brain, 123(Pt 3), 484–498.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Good, C. D., Scahill, R. I., Fox, N. C., Ashburner, J., Friston, K. J., Chan, D., … Frackowiak, R. S. (2002). Automatic differentiation of anatomical patterns in the human brain: Validation with studies of degenerative dementias. NeuroImage, 17, 29–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hof, P. R., Vogt, B. A., Bouras, C., & Morrison, J. H. (1997). Atypical form of Alzheimer’s disease with prominent posterior cortical atrophy: A review of lesion distribution and circuit disconnection in cortical visual pathways. Vision Research, 37, 3609–3625.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jack, C. R. Jr, Albert, M. S., Knopman, D. S., McKhann, G. M., Sperling, R. A., Carrillo, M. C., … Phelps, C. H. (2011). Introduction to the recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers & Dementia, 7, 257–262.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kas, A., de Souza, L. C., Samri, D., Bartolomeo, P., Lacomblez, L., Kalafat, M., … Sarazin, M. (2011). Neural correlates of cognitive impairment in posterior cortical atrophy. Brain, 134, 1464–1478.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kay, J., Lesser, R., & Coltheart, M. (1992). Psycholinguistics assessments of language processing in aphasia. Hove: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Kennedy, J., Lehmann, M., Sokolska, M. J., Archer, H., Warrington, E. K., Fox, N. C., & Crutch, S. J. (2012). Visualizing the emergence of posterior cortical atrophy. Neurocase, 18, 248–257.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, E., Lee, Y., Lee, J., & Han, S. H. (2005). A case with cholinesterase inhibitor responsive asymmetric posterior cortical atrophy. Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, 108, 97–101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koedam, E. L., Lauffer, V., van der Vlies, A. E., van der Flier, W. M., Scheltens, P., & Pijnenburg, Y. A. (2010). Early-versus late-onset Alzheimer’s disease: More than age alone. Journal of Alzheimers Disease, 19, 1401–1408.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kramer, J. H., Jurik, J., Sha, S. J., Rankin, K. P., Rosen, H. J., Johnson, J. K., & Miller, B. L. (2003). Distinctive neuropsychological patterns in frontotemporal dementia, semantic dementia, and Alzheimer disease. Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, 16, 211–218.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee, A. G., & Martin, C. O. (2004). Neuro-ophthalmic findings in the visual variant of Alzheimer’s disease. Ophthalmology, 111, 376–380 (discussion 380–1).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, S. E., Rabinovici, G. D., Mayo, M. C., Wilson, S. M., Seeley, W. W., DeArmond, S. J., … Miller, B. L. (2011). Clinicopathological correlations in corticobasal degeneration. Annals of Neurology, 70, 327–340.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehmann, M., Barnes, J., Ridgway, G. R., Ryan, N. S., Warrington, E. K., Crutch, S. J., & Fox, N. C. (2012). Global gray matter changes in posterior cortical atrophy: A serial imaging study. Alzheimers & Dementia, 8, 502–512.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehmann, M., Barnes, J., Ridgway, G. R., Wattam-Bell, J., Warrington, E. K., Fox, N. C., & Crutch, S. J. (2011). Basic visual function and cortical thickness patterns in posterior cortical atrophy. Cerebral Cortex, 21, 2122–2132.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehmann, M., Crutch, S. J., Ridgway, G. R., Ridha, B. H., Barnes, J., Warrington, E. K., … Fox, N. C. (2011). Cortical thickness and voxel-based morphometry in posterior cortical atrophy and typical Alzheimer’s disease. Neurobiology of Aging, 32, 1466–1476.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehmann, M., Ghosh, P. M., Madison, C., Laforce, R. Jr, Corbetta-Rastelli, C., Weiner, M. W., … Rabinovici, G. D. (2013). Diverging patterns of amyloid deposition and hypometabolism in clinical variants of probable Alzheimer’s disease. Brain, 136, 844–858.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehmann, M., Madison, C. M., Ghosh, P. M., Seeley, W. W., Mormino, E., Greicius, M. D., … Rabinovici, G. D. (2013). Intrinsic connectivity networks in healthy subjects explain clinical variability in Alzheimer’s disease. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110, 11606–11611.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKhann, G. M., Knopman, D. S., Chertkow, H., Hyman, B. T., Jack, C. R. Jr, Kawas, C. H., … Phelps, C. H. (2011). The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers & Dementia, 7, 263–269.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMonagle, P., Deering, F., Berliner, Y., & Kertesz, A. (2006). The cognitive profile of posterior cortical atrophy. Neurology, 66, 331–338.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mendez, M. F., & Cherrier, M. M. (1998). The evolution of alexia and simultanagnosia in posterior cortical atrophy. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychology and Behavioral Neurology, 11, 76–82.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mendez, M. F., Ghajarania, M., & Perryman, K. M. (2002). Posterior cortical atrophy: Clinical characteristics and differences compared to Alzheimer’s disease. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 14, 33–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Migliaccio, R., Agosta, F., Rascovsky, K., Karydas, A., Bonasera, S., Rabinovici, G. D., … Gorno-Tempini, M. L. (2009). Clinical syndromes associated with posterior atrophy: Early age at onset AD spectrum. Neurology, 73, 1571–1578.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray, M. E., Graff-Radford, N. R., Ross, O. A., Petersen, R. C., Duara, R., & Dickson, D. W. (2011). Neuropathologically defined subtypes of Alzheimer’s disease with distinct clinical characteristics: A retrospective study. Lancet Neurology, 10, 785–796.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nestor, P. J., Caine, D., Fryer, T. D., Clarke, J., & Hodges, J. R. (2003). The topography of metabolic deficits in posterior cortical atrophy (the visual variant of Alzheimer’s disease) with FDG-PET. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 74, 1521–1529.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pelak, V. S., Smyth, S. F., Boyer, P. J., & Filley, C. M. (2011). Computerized visual field defects in posterior cortical atrophy. Neurology, 77, 2119–2122.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabinovici, G. D., Furst, A. J., O‘Neil, J. P., Racine, C. A., Mormino, E. C., Baker, S. L., … Jagust, W. J. (2007). 11C-PIB PET imaging in Alzheimer disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Neurology, 68, 1205–1212.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabinovici, G. D., Rosen, H. J., Alkalay, A., Kornak, J., Furst, A. J., Agarwal, N., … Jagust, W. J. (2011). Amyloid vs FDG-PET in the differential diagnosis of AD and FTLD. Neurology, 77, 2034–2042.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Renner, J. A., Burns, J. M., Hou, C. E., McKeel, D. W. Jr, Storandt, M., & Morris, J. C. (2004). Progressive posterior cortical dysfunction: A clinicopathologic series. Neurology, 63, 1175–1180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ridgway, G. R., Lehmann, M., Barnes, J., Rohrer, J. D., Warren, J. D., Crutch, S. J., & Fox, N. C. (2012). Early-onset Alzheimer disease clinical variants: Multivariate analyses of cortical thickness. Neurology, 79, 80–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosen, H. J., Gorno-Tempini, M. L., Goldman, W. P., Perry, R. J., Schuff, N., Weiner, M., … Miller, B. L. (2002). Patterns of brain atrophy in frontotemporal dementia and semantic dementia. Neurology, 58, 198–208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenbloom, M. H., Alkalay, A., Agarwal, N., Baker, S. L., O‘Neil, J. P., Janabi, M., … Rabinovici, G. D. (2011). Distinct clinical and metabolic deficits in PCA and AD are not related to amyloid distribution. Neurology, 76, 1789–1796.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seeley, W. W., Crawford, R. K., Zhou, J., Miller, B. L., & Greicius, M. D. (2009). Neurodegenerative diseases target large-scale human brain networks. Neuron, 62, 42–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seguin, J., Formaglio, M., Perret-Liaudet, A., Quadrio, I., Tholance, Y., Rouaud, O., … Krolak-Salmon, P. (2011). CSF biomarkers in posterior cortical atrophy. Neurology, 76, 1782–1788.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Snowden, J. S., Stopford, C. L., Julien, C. L., Thompson, J. C., Davidson, Y., Gibbons, L.… Mann, D. (2007). Cognitive phenotypes in Alzheimer’s disease and genetic risk. Cortex, 43, 835–845.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang-Wai, D. F., Graff-Radford, N. R., Boeve, B. F., Dickson, D. W., Parisi, J. E., Crook, R., … Petersen, R. C. (2004). Clinical, genetic, and neuropathologic characteristics of posterior cortical atrophy. Neurology, 63, 1168–1174.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trick, G. L., Trick, L. R., Morris, P., & Wolf, M. (1995). Visual field loss in senile dementia of the Alzheimer’s type. Neurology, 45, 68–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Flier, W. M., Pijnenburg, Y. A., Fox, N. C., & Scheltens, P. (2010). Early-onset versus late-onset Alzheimer’s disease: The case of the missing APOE varepsilon4 allele. Lancet Neurol, 10, 280–288.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warrington, E. K., & James, M. (1991). The visual object and space perception battery. Bury St Edmunds: Thames Valley Test Company.
   Google Scholar
• Whitwell, J. L., Jack, C. R. Jr, Kantarci, K., Weigand, S. D., Boeve, B. F., Knopman, D. S., … Josephs, K. A. (2007). Imaging correlates of posterior cortical atrophy. Neurobiology of Aging, 28, 1051–1061.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winblad, B., Palmer, K., Kivipelto, M., Jelic, V., Fratiglioni, L., Wahlund, L. O., … Petersen, R. C. (2004). Mild cognitive impairment – beyond controversies, towards a consensus: Report of the International Working Group on Mild Cognitive Impairment. Journal of Internal Medicine, 256, 240–246.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar