Editorial

References

• Atkin , K. 2010 . Editorial . Ethnicity & Health , 15 ( 2 ) : 113 – 120 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krieger , N. , 2000 . Discrimination and health . In : L.F. Berkman and I. Kawachi Social epidemiology . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Marmot , M. 1993 . Changing places changing risks: the study of migrants . Public Health Reviews , 21 : 185 – 195 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nazroo , J.Y. 2003 . The structuring of ethnic inequalities in health: economic position, racial discrimination, and racism . American Journal of Public Health , 93 : 277 – 284 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pickett , K.E. and Wilkinson , R.G. 2008 . People like us: ethnic group density effects on health . Ethnicity and Health , 13 : 321 – 334 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rose , G. 1985 . Sick individuals and sick populations . International Journal of Epidemiology , 14 : 32 – 38 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yankauer , A. 1950 . The relationship of fetal and infant mortality to residential segregation: an inquiry into social epidemiology . American Sociological Review , 15 : 644 – 648 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agyemang , C. , Bhopal , R. and Bruijnzeels , M. 2005 . Negro, Black, Black African, African Caribbean, African American or what? Labelling African origin populations in the health arena in the 21st century . Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health , 59 : 1014 – 1018 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agyemang , C. , et al. ., 2009 . Cardiovascular disease, diabetes and established risk factors among populations of sub-Saharan African descent in Europe: a literature review . Global Health , 5 , 7 .
   Google Scholar
• Fernades , A. and Miguel , J.P. 2009 . Health and migration in the European union: better health for all in an inclusive society , Lisbon : Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge .
   Google Scholar
• Gill , P.S. 2007 . “ Black and minority ethnic groups ” . In Health care needs assessment: the epidemiologically based needs assessment reviews , Edited by: Raftery , J. and Mant , J. 227 – 239 . Abingdon, , UK : Radcliffe Medical Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gray , L. , Harding , S. and Reid , A. 2007 . Evidence of divergence with duration of residence in circulatory disease mortality in migrants to Australia . European Journal of Public Health , 17 : 550 – 554 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mackenbach , J.P. 2008 . Socioeconomic inequalities in health in 22 European countries . New England Journal of Medicine , 358 : 2468 – 2481 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manna , D.R. 2003 . Ethnic specific recommendations in clinical practice guidelines: a first exploratory comparison between guidelines from the USA, Canada, the UK, and the Netherlands . Quality and Safety in Health Care , 12 : 353 – 358 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McKeigue , P.M. 1997 . Mapping genes underlying ethnic differences in disease risk by linkage disequilibrium in recently admixed populations . American Journal of Human Genetics , 60 : 188 – 196 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nazroo , J. 2007 . The Black diaspora and health inequalities in the US and England: does where you go and how you get there make a difference? . Sociology of Health & Illness , 29 : 811 – 830 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nazroo , J.Y. 2003 . The structuring of ethnic inequalities in health: economic position, racial discrimination, and racism . American Journal of Public Health , 93 : 277 – 284 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nierkens , V. , de , V.H. and Stronks , K. 2006 . Smoking in immigrants: do socioeconomic gradients follow the pattern expected from the tobacco epidemic? . Tobacco Control , 15 : 385 – 391 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Razum , O. , Zeeb , H. and Rohrmann , S. 2000 . The ‘healthy migrant effect’—not merely a fallacy of inaccurate denominator figures . International Journal of Epidemiology , 29 : 191 – 192 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senior , P.A. and Bhopal , R. 1994 . Ethnicity as a variable in epidemiological research . British Medical Journal , 309 : 327 – 330 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomson , J. Lip , G.Y. , 2005 . Blood pressure demographics: nature or nurture…genes or environment? BMC Medical , 3 , 3 .
   Google Scholar
• Anand , S.S. 1999 . Using ethnicity as a classification variable in health research: perpetuation the myth of biological determinism, serving socio-political agendas, or making valuable contribution to medical sciences? . Ethnicity and Health , 4 ( 4 ) : 241 – 244 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anand , S.S. and Yusuf , S. 1998 . “ Ethnicity and cardiovascular disease ” . In Evidence-based cardiology , Edited by: Yusuf , S. , Cairns , J. , Camm , J. , Fallen , E. and Gersh , B. 329 – 352 . London : BMJ Books .
   Google Scholar
• Bhopal , R. 1997 . Is research into ethnicity and health racist, unsound, or important science? . British Medical Journal , 314 : 1751 – 1756 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhopal , R. 2007 . Ethnicity, race and health in multicultural societies. Foundations for better epidemiology, public health and health care , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Chaturvedi , N. 2001 . Ethnicity as an epidemiological determinant – crudely racist or crucially important . International Journal of Epidemiology , 145 : 620 – 628 .
   Google Scholar
• Cooper , R. and David , R. 1986 . The biological concept of race and its application to public health and epidemiology. Journal of Health Politics . Policy and Law , 11 : 87 – 116 .
   Google Scholar
• Cooper , R. 1997 . The prevalence of hypertension in seven populations of West African origin . American Journal of Public Health , 87 ( 2 ) : 160 – 168 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Crews , D.E. and Bindon , J.R. 1998 . Ethnicity as a taxonomic tool in biomedical and biosocial research . Ethnicity and Disease , 1 : 42 – 49 .
   Google Scholar
• Hunter , E.R. and Williams , D.R. 2009 . The association between perceived discrimination and obesity in a population-based multi-racial and multiethnic adult sample . American Journal of Public Health , 99 ( 7 ) : 1285 – 1292 .
   Google Scholar
• ICMJE (International Committee of Medial Journal Editors) , 2004 . Uniform requiremts for mansucripts submitted to biomedical journals . Available from: www.icjme.org [Accessed 15 December 2009].
   Google Scholar
• Jackson , M. 2007 . Diet and overweight and obesity in populations of African origin: Cameroon, Jamaica and the UK . Public Health Nutrition , 10 ( 2 ) : 122 – 130 .
   Google Scholar
• Luke , A. 1997 . Relation between body mass index and body fat in black population samples from Nigeria, Jamaica, and the United States . American Journal of Epidemiology, , 7 , 145 : 620 – 628 .
   Google Scholar
• Mbanya , J.C. 1999 . Standardized comparison of glucose intolerance in West African-origin populations of rural and urban Cameroon, Jamaica, and Caribbean migrants to Britain . Diabetes Care , 22 ( 3 ) : 434 – 440 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKenzie , F. and Jefferys , M. 2009 . Do lifestyle or socialfactors explain ethnic/racial inequalities in breast cancer survival? . Epidemilogic Reviews , 31 ( 1 ) : 52 – 66 .
   Google Scholar
• Senior , P. and Bhopal , R.S. 1994 . Ethnicity as varaible in epidemiologal research . British Medical Journal , 309 : 327 – 329 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smart , A. 2008 . The standardization of race and ethnicity in biomedical science editorials and UK biobanks . Social Studies of Science , 38 : 407 – 423 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sondik , E.J. 2000 . Race/ethnicity and 2000 census: implications for public health . American Journal of Public Health , 90 ( 11 ) : 1709 – 1713 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams , D. , 1999 . The monitoring of racial/ethnic status in the USA: data quality issues . Ethnicity and Health , 4 3 121 137 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar