Stronger together: learner reactions on a team-based, interprofessional first death simulation experience

References

• Aiken, L. H., Sermeus, W., Van den Heede, K., Sloane, D. M., Busse, R., McKee, M., Bruyneel, L., Rafferty, A. M., Griffiths, P., Moreno-Casbas, M. T., Tishelman, C., Scott, A., Brzostek, T., Kinnunen, J., Schwendimann, R., Heinen, M., Zikos, D., Sjetne, I. S., Smith, H. L., & Kutney Lee, A. (2012). Patient safety, satisfaction, and quality of hospital care: Cross sectional surveys of nurses and patients in 12 countries in Europe and the United States. BMJ, 344(mar20 2), e1717. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e1717
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Al Elq, A. H. (2010). Simulation-based medical teaching and learning. Journal of Family and Community Medicine, 17(1), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.4103/1319-1683.68787
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Azoulay, E., De Waele, J., Ferrer, R., Staudinger, T., Borkowska, M., Povoa, P., Iliopoulou, K., Artigas, A., Schaller, S. J., Hari, M. S., Pellegrini, M., Darmon, M., Kesecioglu, J., & Cecconi, M. (2020). Symptoms of burnout in intensive care unit specialists facing the COVID-19 outbreak. Annals of Intensive Care, 10(1), 110. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13613-020-00722-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balch, C. M., & Shanafelt, T. S. (2011). Dynamic tension between success in a surgical career and personal wellness: How can we succeed in a stressful environment and a “culture of bravado”? Annals of Surgical Oncology, 18(5), 1213–1216. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-011-1629-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Batra, K., Singh, T. P., Sharma, M., Batra, R., & Schvaneveldt, N. (2020). Investigating the psychological impact of COVID-19 among healthcare workers: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(23), 9096. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17239096
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burt, L., Clark, L., Kiser, B., Blackie, M., Yingling, S., Park, Y. S., & Park, C. (2020). First death: The inner journey of learners in a patient death hybrid-simulation [Poster Presentation]. International Meeting on Simulation in Healthcare San Diego, CA.
   Google Scholar
• Burt, L., Park, C., Corbridge, S., & Clark, L. (2023). Interprofessional gratitude: Partnering with registered nurses as embedded participants in a medical education patient death simulation experience. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 79, 20–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2023.03.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chi, M. T. (1997). Quantifying qualitative analyses of verbal data: A practical guide. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 6(3), 271–315. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327809jls0603_1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. (1960). A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 20(1), 37–46. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316446002000104
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cole, M. A., & Foito, K. (2019). Pediatric end-of-life simulation: Preparing the future nurse to care for the needs of the child and family. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 44, e9–e12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2018.09.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Copeland, D. (2021). Brief workplace interventions addressing burnout, compassion fatigue, and teamwork: A pilot study. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 43(2), 130–137. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945920938048
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dai, M., Willard-Grace, R., Knox, M., Larson, S. A., Magill, M. K., Grumbach, K., & Peterson, L. E. (2020). Team configurations, efficiency, and family physician burnout. Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, 33(3), 368–377. https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.2020.03.190336
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Decker, S., Alinier, G., Crawford, S. B., Gordon, R. M., Jenkins, D., & Wilson, C. (2021). Healthcare simulation standards of best practicetm the debriefing process. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 58, 27–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.08.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dugani, S. B., Geyer, H. L., Maniaci, M. J., Fischer, K. M., Croghan, I. T., & Burton, C. (2021). Psychological wellness of internal medicine hospitalists during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hospital Practice, 49(1), 47–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/21548331.2020.1832792
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Durham, M. E., Bush, P. W., & Ball, A. M. (2018). Evidence of burnout in health-system pharmacists. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 75(23 Supplement 4), S93–s100. https://doi.org/10.2146/ajhp170818
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Echevarria, I. M., Patterson, B. J., & Krouse, A. (2017). Predictors of transformational leadership of nurse managers. Journal of Nursing Management, 25(3), 167–175. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12452
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edo-Gual, M., Tomás-Sábado, J., Bardallo-Porras, D., & Monforte-Royo, C. (2014). The impact of death and dying on nursing students: An explanatory model. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 23(23–24), 3501–3512. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12602
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elo, S., & Kyngas, H. (2008). The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 62(1), 107–115. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04569.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fox, L., Onders, R., Hermansen-Kobulnicky, C. J., Nguyen, T. N., Myran, L., Linn, B., & Hornecker, J. (2018). Teaching interprofessional teamwork skills to health professional students: A scoping review. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 32(2), 127–135. https://doi.org/10.1080/13561820.2017.1399868
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frambach, J. M., van der Vleuten, C. P., Durning, S. J., Carbonell, K. B., Beckers, J., Frambach, J. M., & de Bruin, A. B. H. (2013). Am last page. Quality criteria in qualitative and quantitative research. Academic Medicine, 88(10), 552. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e3182a36cc6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Franza, F., Basta, R., Pellegrino, F., Solomita, B., & Fasano, V. (2020). The role of fatigue of compassion, burnout and hopelessness in healthcare: Experience in the time of COVID-19 outbreak. Psychiatria Danubina, 32(Suppl 1), 10–14. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32890354/
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hargett, C. W., Doty, J. P., Hauck, J. N., Webb, A. M., Cook, S. H., Tsipis, N. E., Neumann, J. A., Andolsek, K. M., & Taylor, D. C. (2017). Developing a model for effective leadership in healthcare: A concept mapping approach. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 9, 69–78. https://doi.org/10.2147/jhl.S141664
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrad, R., & Sulla, F. (2018). Factors associated with and impact of burnout in nursing and residential home care workers for the elderly. Acta Bio-Medica: Atenei Parmensis, 89(7–s), 60–69. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v89i7-S.7830
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heath, J., Walmsley, L. A., Aker, R. M., Ferrin, S., Stone, D., & Norton, J. C. (2020). Cpr to the rescue!: An interprofessional pilot program: Cultivating practices for resilience (cpr) camp. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 34(2), 63–69. https://doi.org/10.1097/nur.0000000000000506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hellyar, M., Madani, C., Yeaman, S., Oʼconnor, K., Kerr, K. M., & Davidson, J. E. (2019). Case study investigation decreases burnout while improving interprofessional teamwork, nurse satisfaction, and patient safety. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly, 42(1), 96–105. https://doi.org/10.1097/cnq.0000000000000243
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hocker, S., & Wijdicks, E. F. (2015). Simulation training in brain death determination. Seminars in Neurology, 35(2), 180–187. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1547535
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho, C. Y., Kow, C. S., Chia, C. H. J., Low, J. Y., Lai, Y. H. M., Lauw, S. K., How, A. E. H., Tan, L. H. E., Ngiam, X. L. L., Chan, N. P. X., Kuek, T. Y. J., Kamal, N. H. A., Chia, J. L., Abdurrahman, A., Chiam, M., Ong, Y. T., Chin, A. M. C., Toh, Y. P., Mason, S., & Krishna, L. K. R. (2020). The impact of death and dying on the personhood of medical students: A systematic scoping review. BMC Medical Education, 20(1), 516. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02411-y
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hou, T., Zhang, T., Cai, W., Song, X., Chen, A., Deng, G., Ni, C., & Soundy, A. (2020). Social support and mental health among health care workers during coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak: A moderated mediation model. PloS One, 15(5), e0233831. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233831
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes, F., Francis, A. P., & Sciscione, A. C. (2020). Physician burnout among members of the society for maternal-fetal medicine. American Journal of Perinatology, 37(11), 1115–1122. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1692185
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Interprofessional Education Collaborative. (2016). Core Competencies for Interprofessional Collaborative Practice: 2016 Update. https://ipec.memberclicks.net/assets/2016-Update.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Iverson, L., Bredenkamp, N., Carrico, C., Connelly, S., Hawkins, K., Monaghan, M. S., & Malesker, M. (2018). Development and assessment of an interprofessional education simulation to promote collaborative learning and practice. The Journal of Nursing Education, 57(7), 426–429. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20180618-08
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kannampallil, T. G., Goss, C. W., Evanoff, B. A., Strickland, J. R., McAlister, R. P., Duncan, J., & Murakami, M. (2020). Exposure to COVID-19 patients increases physician trainee stress and burnout. PloS One, 15(8), e0237301. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kapu, A. N., Borg Card, E., Jackson, H., Kleinpell, R., Kendall, J., Lupear, B. K., LeBar, K., Dietrich, M. S., Araya, W. A., Delle, J., Payne, K., Ford, J., & Dubree, M. (2019). Assessing and addressing practitioner burnout: Results from an advanced practice registered nurse health and well-being study. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 33(1), 38–48. https://doi.org/10.1097/jxx.0000000000000324
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kirkpatrick, A. J., Cantrell, M. A., & Smeltzer, S. C. (2019). Relationships among nursing student palliative care knowledge, experience, self-awareness, and performance: An end-of-life simulation study. Nurse Education Today, 73, 23–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2018.11.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kochanek, K. D., Xu, J., Murphy, S. L., Miniño, A. M., & Kung, H. C. (2011). Deaths: Final data for 2009. National Vital Statistics Reports, 60(3), 1–116. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24974587/
   Google Scholar
• Landis, J. R., & Koch, G. G. (1977). The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics, 33(1), 159–174. https://doi.org/10.2307/2529310
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leach, S. (2021). Behavioural coaching:The grow model. In J. Passmore (Ed.), The coaches’ handbook: The complete practitioner guide for professional coaches (pp. 176–186, Chapter xiv, 454 Pages). Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group. https://i-share-uic.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/openurl/01CARLI_UIC/01CARLI_UIC:CARLI_UIC?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&genre=bookitem&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Apsycinfo&atitle=Behavioural+coaching%3AThe+GROW+model&title=The+coaches%27+handbook%3A+The+complete+practitioner+guide+for+professional+coaches&issn=&date=2021-01-01&volume=&issue=&spage=176&au=Leach%2C+Sarah&isbn=9780367539207&jtitle=&btitle=The+coaches%27+handbook%3A+The+complete+practitioner+guide+for+professional+coaches&rft_id=info:eric/2020-80828-017&rft_id=info:doi/
   Google Scholar
• Mendelsohn, D., Despot, I., Gooderham, P. A., Singhal, A., Redekop, G. J., & Toyota, B. D. (2019). Impact of work hours and sleep on well-being and burnout for physicians-in-training: The resident activity tracker evaluation study. Medical Education, 53(3), 306–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.13757
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moffatt-Bruce, S. D., Nguyen, M. C., Steinberg, B., Holliday, S., & Klatt, M. (2019). Interventions to reduce burnout and improve resilience: Impact on a health system’s outcomes. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 62(3), 432–443. https://doi.org/10.1097/grf.0000000000000458
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgantini, L. A., Naha, U., Wang, H., Francavilla, S., Acar, Ö., Flores, J. M., Crivellaro, S., Moreira, D., Abern, M., Eklund, M., Vigneswaran, H. T., Weine, S. M., & Murakami, M. (2020). Factors contributing to healthcare professional burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid turnaround global survey. PloS One, 15(9), e0238217. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris, N. A., Zimmerman, E. E., Pozner, C. N., Henderson, G. V., & Milligan, T. A. (2020). Brain death determination: An interprofessional simulation to determine brain death and communicate with families focused on neurology residents. MedEdportal: The Journal of Teaching and Learning Resources, 16, 10978. https://doi.org/10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10978
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Neumann, J. L., Mau, L. W., Virani, S., Denzen, E. M., Boyle, D. A., Boyle, N. J., Dabney, J., De KeselLofthus, A., Kalbacker, M., Khan, T., Majhail, N. S., Murphy, E. A., Paplham, P., Parran, L., Perales, M. A., Rockwood, T. H., Schmit-Pokorny, K., Shanafelt, T. D. … Burns, L. J. (2018). Burnout, moral distress, work-life balance, and career satisfaction among hematopoietic cell transplantation professionals. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 24(4), 849–860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.11.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olson, K., Sinsky, C., Rinne, S. T., Long, T., Vender, R., Mukherjee, S., Bennick, M., & Linzer, M. (2019). Cross-sectional survey of workplace stressors associated with physician burnout measured by the mini-z and the maslach burnout inventory. Stress and Health, 35(2), 157–175. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2849
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, C., Burt, L., Kiser, R., Barac, T., Biamonte, G., Blackie, M., Park, Y., & Yingling, S. (2023). First death: An integrative simulation-based program to prepare learners in healthcare professions for patient loss.
   Google Scholar
• Park, C., Murphy, T., & the Code of Ethics Working Group. (2018). Healthcare Simulationist Code of Ethics. https://www.ssih.org/SSH-Resources/Code-of-Ethics
   Google Scholar
• Phrampus, P. E., & O’Donnell, J. M. (2013). Debriefing Using a Structured and Supported Approach. In A. I. Levine, S. DeMaria, A. D. Schwartz, & A. J. Sim (Eds.), The Comprehensive Textbook of Healthcare Simulation (pp. 73–84). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5993-4_6
   Google Scholar
• Quickstats: Percentage of deaths, by place of death- national vital statistics system, U.S., 2000-2018. (2020). MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69, 611. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6919a4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Restauri, N., & Sheridan, A. D. (2020). Burnout and posttraumatic stress disorder in the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic: Intersection, impact, and interventions. Journal of the American College of Radiology, 17(7), 921–926. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.05.021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruisoto, P., Ramírez, M. R., García, P. A., Paladines-Costa, B., Vaca, S. L., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2020). Social support mediates the effect of burnout on health in health care professionals. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 623587. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.623587
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saldana, J. (2016). The coding manual for qualitative researchers (3rd ed.). SAGE.
   Google Scholar
• Sandelowski, M. (2000). Whatever happened to qualitative description? Research in Nursing and Health, 23(4), 334–340. https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-240X(200008)23:4<334:AID-NUR9>3.0.CO;2-G
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shanafelt, T. D., Boone, S., Tan, L., Dyrbye, L. N., Sotile, W., Satele, D., West, C. P., Sloan, J., & Oreskovich, M. R. (2012). Burnout and satisfaction with work-life balance among us physicians relative to the general us population. Archives of Internal Medicine, 172(18), 1377–1385. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2012.3199
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shanafelt, T. D., Schein, E., Minor, L. B., Trockel, M., Schein, P., & Kirch, D. (2019). Healing the professional culture of medicine. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 94(8), 1556–1566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.03.026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherbourne, C. D., & Stewart, A. L. (1991). The mos social support survey. Social Science and Medicine, 32(6), 705–714. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-95369190150-b
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi, R., Marin-Nevarez, P., Hasty, B., Roman-Micek, T., Hirx, S., Anderson, T., Schmiederer, I., Fanning, R., Goldhaber-Fiebert, S., Austin, N., & Lau, J. N. (2021). Operating room in situ interprofessional simulation for improving communication and teamwork. The Journal of Surgical Research, 260, 237–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2020.11.051
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinsky, C. A., Willard-Grace, R., Schutzbank, A. M., Sinsky, T. A., Margolius, D., & Bodenheimer, T. (2013). In search of joy in practice: A report of 23 high-functioning primary care practices. The Annals of Family Medicine, 11(3), 272–278. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.1531
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Society for Simulation in Healthcare. (2020). Healthcare Simulation Dictionary. Retrieved May 1, 2021, from https://www.ssih.org/dictionary
   Google Scholar
• Society for Simulation in Healthcare. (2022). About Simulation. https://www.ssih.org/About-SSH/About-Simulation
   Google Scholar
• Solanki, P., Foster, A., & Evans, L. (2019). Inter-professional student simulation to promote teamwork and leadership skills in undergraduate education in the UK. BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning, 5(4), 221–222. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjstel-2017-000285
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoller, J. K., Taylor, C. A., & Farver, C. F. (2013). Emotional intelligence competencies provide a developmental curriculum for medical training. Medical Teacher, 35(3), 243–247. https://doi.org/10.3109/0142159x.2012.737964
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas, S., Calderon, B., Ackerman, C., & Moote, R. (2021). End of life simulation to improve interprofessional competencies: A mixed methods study. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching & Learning, 13(4), 423–428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2020.11.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tracy, S. J. (2010). Qualitative quality: Eight “big-tent” criteria for excellent qualitative research. Qualitative Inquiry, 16(10), 837–851. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800410383121
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trumello, C., Bramanti, S. M., Ballarotto, G., Candelori, C., Cerniglia, L., Cimino, S., Crudele, M., Lombardi, L., Pignataro, S., Viceconti, M. L., & Babore, A. (2020). Psychological adjustment of healthcare workers in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic: Differences in stress, anxiety, depression, burnout, secondary trauma, and compassion satisfaction between frontline and non-frontline professionals. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(22), 8358. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228358
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watts, P. I., McDermott, D. S., Alinier, G., Charnetski, M., Ludlow, J., Horsley, E., Meakim, C., & Nawathe, P. A. (2021). Healthcare simulation standards of best practicetm simulation design. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 58, 14–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.08.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• West, C. P., Dyrbye, L. N., Rabatin, J. T., Call, T. G., Davidson, J. H., Multari, A., Romanski, S. A., Hellyer, J. M., Sloan, J. A., & Shanafelt, T. D. (2014). Intervention to promote physician well-being, job satisfaction, and professionalism: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Internal Medicine, 174(4), 527–533. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.14387
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Q., Mu, M. C., He, Y., Cai, Z. L., & Li, Z. C. (2020). Burnout in emergency medicine physicians: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Medicine (Baltimore), 99(32), e21462. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000021462
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar