The Difficult Relation between International Law and Politics: The Legal Turn from a Critical IPE Perspective

References

• Abbott , K. W. 2000 . The Concept of Legalization . International Organization , 54 ( 3 ) : 401 – 19 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aglietta , M. 1979 . A Theory of Capitalist Regulation , London : Verso .
   Google Scholar
• Alter , K. 2001 . Establishing the Supremacy of European Law. The Making of an International Rule of Law in Europe , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Althusser , L. 1971 . “ Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses ” . In Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essay , Edited by: Althusser , L. 121 – 76 . New York and London : Monthly Review Press .
   Google Scholar
• Alvarez , J. E. 2002 . The WTO as Linkage Machine . American Journal of International Law , 96 ( 1 ) : 146 – 58 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anghie , A. 2007 . Imperialism, Sovereignty and the Making of International Law , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Arnold , P. 2005 . Disciplining Domestic Regulation: The World Trade Organisation and the Market for Professional Services . Accounting, Organizations and Society , 30 : 299 – 330 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balbus , I. D. 1977 . Commodity Form and Legal Form: An Essay on the “Relative Autonomy” Of the Law . Law and Society Review , : 571 – 88 .
   Google Scholar
• Barrow , C. W. forthcoming . “ (Re)Reading Poulantzas ” . In Reading Poulantzas , Edited by: Gallas , A. London : Merlin Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu , P. 1989 . Ce Que Parler Veut Dire: L'économie Des Échanges Linguistiques , Paris : Fayard .
   Google Scholar
• Boyer , R. 2004 . Une Théorie Du Capitalisme Est-Elle Possible? , Paris : Odile Jacob .
   Google Scholar
• Braudel , F. 1982 . Civilization and Capitalism, 15th–16th Century , New York : Harper and Row .
   Google Scholar
• Brunkhorst , H. 2002 . Globalising Democracy without a State: Weak Public, Strong Public, Global Constitutionalism . Millennium , 31 ( 3 ) : 675 – 90 .
   Google Scholar
• Buckel , S. 2006 . “ Neo-Materialistische Rechtstheorie ” . In Neue Theorien Des Rechts , Edited by: Buckel , S. , Christensen , R. and Fischer-Lescano , A. 117 – 38 . Stuttgart : Lucius & Lucius .
   Google Scholar
• Callon , M. , Méadel , C. and Rabeharisoa , V. 2002 . The Economy of Qualities . Economy and Society , 31 ( 2 ) : 194 – 217 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cass , D. Z. 2001 . The 'Constitutionalization' of International Trade Law: Judicial Norm-Generation as the Engine of Constitutional Development in International Trade . European Journal of International Law , 12 ( 1 ) : 39 – 75 .
   Google Scholar
• Chaudhuri , S. , Mattoo , A. and Self , R. 2004 . Moving People to Deliver Services: How Can the Wto Help? . Journal of World Trade , 38 ( 3 ) : 363 – 93 .
   Google Scholar
• Chimni , B. S. 2004 . International Institutions Today: An Imperial Global State in the Making . European Journal of International Law , 15 ( 1 ) : 1 – 37 .
   Google Scholar
• CRES Declaration . 'Declaration of the Regional Conference on Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean' . 4–6 June 2008 . Cartagena de Indias, Colombia : UNESCO, IESALC) .
   Google Scholar
• Cutler , A. C. 2003 . Private Power and Global Authority: Transnational Merchant Law in the Global Political Economy , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Delimatsis , P. 2006 . Necessity, Transparency, and Regulatory Diversity in Trade in Services. An Analysis of Article VI of the Gats , Neuchatel : Université de Neuchatel .
   Google Scholar
• Demirović , A. 1997 . Demokratie und Herrschaft: Aspekte kritischer Gesellschaftstheorie , Münster : Westfälisches Dampfboot .
   Google Scholar
• Du Tertre , C. 2005 . Services Immatériels Et Relationnels: Intensité Du Travail Et Santé . @ctivités , 2 ( 1 ) : 37 – 49 .
   Google Scholar
• Du Tertre , C. 2008 . “ Investissements Immatériels Et “Patrimoine Collectif Immatériel ” . In Secteurs Et Territoires Dans Les Régulations Émergentes , Edited by: Laurent , C. and du Tertre , C. 73 – 88 . Paris : Harmattan .
   Google Scholar
• Dunoff , J. L. 2006 . Constitutional Conceits: The WTO's “Constitution” and the Discipline of International Law . The European Journal of International Law , 17 ( 3 ) : 647 – 75 .
   Google Scholar
• Durkheim, E. (1997 [1893]), The Division of Labour in Society (New York: Free Press).
   Google Scholar
• Gadrey , J. 2000 . The Characterization of Goods and Services: An Alternative Approach . Review on Income and Wealth , 46 ( 3 ) : 369 – 87 .
   Google Scholar
• Gaeta , P. 1999 . The Defence of Superior Orders: The Statute of International Criminal Court Versus Customary International Law . European Journal of International Law , 10 ( 1 ) : 172 – 91 .
   Google Scholar
• Garrett , G. , Kelemen , R. D. and Schulz , H. 1998 . The European Court of Justice, National Governments, and Legal Integration in the European Union . International Organization , 52 ( 1 ) : 149 – 76 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gill , S. 2002 . Constitutionalizing Inequality and the Clash of Globalizations . International Studies Review , 4 ( 2 ) : 47 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Gill , S. 2008 . Power and Resistance in the New World Order , Basingstoke, Hampshire and New York : Palgrave Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Global Commission on International Migration (2005), ‘Migration in an Interconnected World: New Directions for Actions', 5 October (Geneva). Available from: http://www.gcim.org/attachements/gcim-complete-report-2005.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Goldstein , J. 2000 . Introduction: Legalization and World Politics . International Organization , 54 ( 3 ) : 385 – 99 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gramsci , A. 1978 . Selections from Political Writings (1921–1926) , London : Lawrence & Wishart .
   Google Scholar
• Graz , J.-C. in press . “ International Standards and the Service Economy ” . In Karl Polanyi, Globalisation and the Potential of Law in Transnational Markets , Edited by: Joerges , C. and Falke , J. Oxford : Hart .
   Google Scholar
• Habermas , J. 1987 . The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. 2: Lifeworld and System: A Critique of Functionalist Reason , Boston : Beacon Press .
   Google Scholar
• Habermas , J. 1996 . Between Facts and Norms: Contribution to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy , Cambridge : Polity Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hardt , M. and Negri , A. 2001 . Empire , Cambridge, MA and London : Harvard University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Harmes , A. 2006 . Neoliberalism and Multilevel Governance . Review of International Political Economy , 13 ( 5 ) : 725 – 49 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartmann , E. 2008a . Der Bologna-Prozess und Dessen Durchsetzungskraft – Im Spannungsverhältnis Legitimation, Legitimität und Legalität . juridikum zeitschrift für kritik | recht | gesellschaft ,
   Google Scholar
• Hartmann , E. 2008b . ‘The Role of Qualifications in the Global Migration Regime', GARNET Working Paper, No. 39/08
   Google Scholar
• Hartmann , E. 2010 . The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation: Pawn or Global Player? . Globalisation, Societies and Education , 8 ( 2 ) : 307 – 18 .
   Google Scholar
• Hartmann, E. (2011), Auf dem Weg zu einem globalen Hochschulraum. Konsequenzen für die Konstitutionalisierung internationaler Politik (Baden-Baden: Nomos).
   Google Scholar
• Harvey , D. 2010 . A Companion to Marx's Capital , London : Verso .
   Google Scholar
• Heires , M. 2008 . Global Monitor: The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) . New Political Economy , 13 ( 3 ) : 357 – 67 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirsch , J. and Kannankulam , J. forthcoming . “ Poulantzas and Form Analysis: On the Relation between Two Approaches to Historical-Materialist State Theory ” . In Reading Poulantzas , Edited by: Gallas , A. London : Merlin Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hoekman , B. M. and Kostecki , M. M. 2002 . The Political Economy of the World Trading System: The WTO and Beyond , Oxford : Oxford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Holloway , J. and Picciotto , S. 1978 . State and Capitalism , Austin, TX : University of Texas Press .
   Google Scholar
• Howse , R. 2006 . The Constitutions of the WTO . The European Journal of International Law , 17 ( 3 ) : 623 – 46 .
   Google Scholar
• ISO (2009), ISO focus, special issue on ‘continual comptence’.
   Google Scholar
• Jackson , J. H. 1998 . The World Trade Organization: Constitution and Jurisprudence , London and New York : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Jessop , B. 1990 . State Theory. Putting Capitalist State in Their Place , Cambridge : Polity Press .
   Google Scholar
• Jessop , B. 2005 . Critical Realism and the Strategic-Relational Approach . New Formations , 56 : 40 – 53 .
   Google Scholar
• Jessop , B. 2008 . State Power. A Strategic-Relational Approach , Cambridge : Polity Press .
   Google Scholar
• Jessop , B. and Sum , N.-L. 2007a . Beyond the Regulation Approach: Putting Capitalist Economies in Their Place , Cheltenham : Edward Elgar .
   Google Scholar
• Jessop , B. and Sum , N.-L. 2007b . “ Towards a Cultural International Political Economy: Poststructuralism and the Italian School ” . In International Political Economy and Poststructural Politics Edited by: de Goede , M. (Houndmills et al.: Palgrave Macmillan), pp. 157–76
   Google Scholar
• Kelsen, H. 1999 [1954], General Theory of Law and State (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, Repr by The Lawbook Exchange).
   Google Scholar
• Knox , R. 2009 . Marxism, International Law, and Political Strategy . Leiden Journal of International Law , : 413 – 36 .
   Google Scholar
• Koehler , M. 1999 . Das Allgemeine Übereinkommen über den Handel mit Dienstleistungen (GATS) , Berlin : Duncker & Humblot .
   Google Scholar
• Koskenniemi, M. (2006), From Apology to Utopia: The Structure of International Legal Argument (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
   Google Scholar
• Krajewski , M. 2003 . The Legal Impact of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (Gats) on National Regulatory Autonomy , The Hague, London, New York : Springer .
   Google Scholar
• Leitner , K. and Lester , S. 2009 . WTO Dispute Settlement from 1995 to 2008 – a Statistical Analysis . Journal of International Economic Law , 12 ( 1 ) : 195 – 208 .
   Google Scholar
• Lisbon Convention . 1997 . Convention on the Recognition of Qualifications Concerning Higher Education in the European Region . No 165, Joint Convention of the Council of Europe and UNESCO
   Google Scholar
• Marceau , G. and Trachtman , J. 2002 . The Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement, the Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures Agreement, and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade . Journal of World Trade , 36 ( 5 ) : 811 – 81 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marks , S. 2008 . International Law on the Left , Edited by: Marks , S. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Marx , K. 1990 [1887] . Mew, English Translation , Berlin : Dietz Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Marx , K. 2008 [1935] . Value, Price and Profit , Maryland : Wildside Press .
   Google Scholar
• Mattoo , A. and Mishra , D. 2009 . Foreign Professionals in the United States: Regulatory Impediments to Trade . Journal of International Economic Law , 12 ( 2 ) : 435 – 56 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May , C. 2008 . Opening Other Windows: A Political Economy of “Openness” in a Global Information Society . Review of International Studies , 34 ( 1 ) : 69 – 92 .
   Google Scholar
• Mead, G.H (1967[1934]), Mind, Self, and Society (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).
   Google Scholar
• Miéville , C. 2005 . Between Equal Rights: A Marxist Theory of International Law , Chicago : Haymarket Books .
   Google Scholar
• Murphy , C. and Yates , J. 2009 . The International Organization for Standardization (ISO): Global Governance through Voluntary Standards , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Pashukanis , E. B. 2003 [1929] . General Theory of Law and Marxism , New Brunswick, NJ : Transaction .
   Google Scholar
• Pauwelyn , J. 2005 . Rien Ne Va Plus? Distinguishing Domestic Regulation from Market Access in GATT and GATS . Duke Law School Legal Studies Paper , No. 85, April
   Google Scholar
• Peirce , C. S. 1992 . The Essential Peirce, ed. by N. Houser, C. Kloesel, and the Peirce Edition Project, 1 Vol. (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press)
   Google Scholar
• Petersmann , E.-U. 1998 . How to Constitutionalize International Law and Foreign Policy for the Benefit of Civil Society? . Michigan Journal of International Law , 20 : 1 – 30 .
   Google Scholar
• Petersmann , E.-U. 2006a . Justice in International Economic Law? From the ‘International Law among States’ to ‘International Integration Law’ and ‘Constitutional Law’, Law No. 2006/46 , Florence : European University Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Petersmann , E.-U. 2006b . “ Multilevel Trade Governance in the WTO Requires Multilevel Constitutionalism ” . In Constitutionalism, Multilevel Trade Governance and Social Regulation , Edited by: Joerges , C. and Petersmann , E.-U. 5 – 58 . Oxford : Hart Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• Petit , P. 1999 . Structural Forms and Growth Regimes of the Post-Fordist Era . Review of Social Economy , 57 ( 2 ) : 220 – 43 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plehwe , D. and Welpen , B. 1999 . Wissenschaftliche und wissenspolitische Produktionsweisen im Neoliberalismus. Beiträge der Mont Pèlerin Society und marktradikale Think Tanks zur Hegemoniegewinnung und -erhaltung . Prokla , 29 ( 2 ) pp. 203–235
   Google Scholar
• Poulantzas , N. 1978 . State, Power, Socialism , London : Verso .
   Google Scholar
• Sayer , D. 1987 . The Violence of Abstraction: The Analytic Foundations of Historical Materialism , Oxford : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Sayer , D. 1991 . Capitalism and Modernity: An Excursus on Marx and Weber , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Scherrer , C. 2005 . GATS: Long-Term Strategy for the Commodification of Education . Review of International Political Economy , 12 ( 3 ) : 484 – 510 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schiff , B. N. 2008 . Building the International Criminal Court , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Senti , R. 2000 . WTO: System Und Funktionsweise Der Welthandelsordnung , Zürich and Wien : Schulthess .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , A. 2007 [1901] . The Wealth of Nation , New York : Cosimo .
   Google Scholar
• Stone , A. 1994 . What Is a Supranational Constitution? An Essay in International Relations Theory . Review of Politics , 55 : 441 – 74 .
   Google Scholar
• Thompson , E. P. 1990 [1975] . Whigs & Hunters , London : Penguin Books .
   Google Scholar
• Tigar , M. 2000 [1977] . Law and the Rise of Capitalism , New York : Monthly Review Press .
   Google Scholar
• Trachtman, J.P. (2003), ‘Lessons for the GATS from Existing WTO Rules on Domestic Regulation, in Domestic', in A. Mattoo and P. Sauvé, (eds.) Regulation & Service Trade Liberalization (Oxford: Oxford University Press, World Bank), pp. 57–82.
   Google Scholar
• Trubek , D.-M. and Trubek , L.-G. 2005 . Hard and Soft Law in the Construction of Social Europe: The Role of the Open Method of Coordination . European Law Journal , 11 ( 2 ) : 343 – 64 .
   Google Scholar
• UNESCO . 2009 . “ Item 8.4 of the Provisional Agenda, Revision of the 1981 Regional Convention on the Recognition of Studies, Certificates, Diplomas, Degrees and Other Academic Qualifications in Higher Education in the African States and the 1983 Regional Convention on the Recognition of Studies, Diplomas and Degrees in Higher Education in Asia and the Pacific, General Conference, 35th Session, 35 C/48, 7 September 2009 ” . Paris : UNESCO .
   Google Scholar
• Van Apeldoorn , B. 2001 . Transnational Class Agency and European Governance: The Case of the European Round Table of Industrialists . New Political Economy , 5 ( 2 ) : 157 – 81 .
   Google Scholar
• Van der Pijl , K. 1998 . Transnational Classes and International Relations , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Weber, M. (2002)[1905], The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (London: Penguin Books).
   Google Scholar
• Weiler , J. H.H. 1991 . The Transformation of Europe . The Yale Law Journal , 100 ( 8 ) : 2403 – 83 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiler , J. H.H. 2002 . A Constitution for Europe? Some Hard Choices . Journal of Common Market Studies , 40 ( 4 ) : 563 – 80 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiler , J. H.H. and Wind , M. 2003 . European Constitutionalism Beyond the State , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Wetherly , P. 2008 . Class, Power and the State in Capitalist Society. Essays on Ralph Miliband , Basingstoke, Hampshire and New York : Palgrave Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Wood , E. M. 1995 . Democracy against Capitalism: Renewing Historical Materialism , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Wood , E. M. 2006 . Logics of Power: A Conversation with David Harvey . Historical Materialism , 14 ( 4 ) : 9 – 34 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wouters , J. and Coppens , D. 2007 . “ Domestic Regulation within the Framework of the Gats ” . In WTO Obligations and Opportunities: Challenges of Implementation , Edited by: Byttebier , K. and van der Borght , K. 25 – 84 . London : Cameron May .
   Google Scholar
• WTO . 2009a . International Trade Statistics 2009 , Geneva : World Trade Organization .
   Google Scholar
• WTO . 2009b . Dispute Settlement: One-Page Case Summaries (1995–2008) (Geneva World Trade Organization)
   Google Scholar
• WTO/Working Party on GATS Rules . 2009 . “ Report of the Meeting of 2 December 2008 ” . Geneva : World Trade Organization . S/WPGR/M/62
   Google Scholar
• WTO/CTS . 1999 . “ International Regulatory Initiatives in Services. Background Note by the Secretariat for the Council for Trade in Services, 1 March 1999 ” . Geneva : WTO . S/C/W/97
   Google Scholar
• WTO/WPDR . 2005 . “ Communication from Chile, India, Mexico, Pakistan and Thailand, Proposed Elements for Disciplines on Qualification Requirements and Procedures, 30 March 2005 ” . Geneva : WTO . Job(05)/50
   Google Scholar
• WTO/WPPS . 1996 . “ The Relevance of the Disciplines of the Agreements on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) and on Import Licensing Procedures to Article VI.4 on the General Agreement on Trade in Services, Note by the Secretariat, 11 September ” . Geneva : WTO . S/WPPS/W/9
   Google Scholar