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Original Articles

Nationalism and the Russian political spectrum: Locating and evaluating the extremes

Pages 263-288 | Published online: 04 Aug 2010

References

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  • 1997 . 'Luzhkov, the biggest (business) man in Moscow' . St. Petersburg Times , 15-21 September
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  • Popov , Nikolai . 1999 . "The quiet appeal of dictatorship' . Vremya MN , 6 December poll by VTsIOM. Similarly, in a late 1999 poll, 45% answered that the Russian people 'needs an iron hand', while another 27% said that power 'should be concentrated in one pair of hands now':, reported by RIA Novosti, poll by ARPI
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  • Lebed , Aleksandr . 1997 . My Life and My Country , 359 Washington, DC : Regnery Publishing .
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  • 1995 . 'Betrayal of Serbs is a deadly sin' . Stem (Hamburg) , 21 September FBIS-SOV-95-183
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  • 1997 . 'Moscow: open season, closed city' . Human Rights Watch , 9/10 September For one early report on Moscow's policies against Caucasians, see, (D)
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  • 1998 . 'Russian left descends into dark well of anti-semitism' . The Guardian , 5 November Similarly, in a speech reprinted in the radical newspaper Zavtra, Makashov said: 'Usury, deceit, corruption, and thievery are flourishing in the country. That is why I call the reformers yids. Who are these Jews? … Yid is not a nationality, yid is a profession':
  • Makashov , General Albert . 1998 . 'Usurers of Russia' . Zavtra , 4220 October
  • Zyuganov , G. 1998 . On the national pride of patriots: statement by Communist Party of the Russian Federation Central Committee Chairman' . Sovetskaya Rossiya , 24 December
  • December 1995 . Kratkoe opisanie vsekh predvybornykh blokav , December , 22 – 23 . Moscow : Informatsionno-Ekspernay a gruppa 'Panorama' . Vladimir Pribylovskiy, 43 linii spektra
  • Simonsen , Sven Gunnar . 1996 . 'Blackshirt friends of the nation' . Nationalities Papers , 24/4 : 625 – 639 . Based on a district court decision, Spas was later removed from the election register. For a background on Barkashov and the RNE, see
  • Umland , Andreas . 1997 . Vladimir Zhirinovskii in Russian Politics: Three Approaches to the Emergence of the Liberal-Democratic Party of Russia, 1990-1993 , 331 – 361 . Berlin : Promotionsausschuss, FB Geschichtswissenshaft, Freie Universitat Berlin . To illustrate, Yegor Gaidar lost a court suit by Vladimir Zhirinovskiy in 1994, for having called Zhirinovskiy a 'fascist'. The court agreed with Zhirinovskiy's lawyer that fascism should be used to describe only the regimes of Hitler and Mussolini before and during the Second World War, and thus could not apply to Zhirinovskiy. The defendant's argument that something that looks, walks, and talks like fascism in fact is fascism was not supported. For an in-depth examination of this issue, see
  • 1999 . Ob istokakh politicheskogo ekstremizma v Rossiyskoy Federatsii' . Zayavlenie Gosudarstvennoy Dumy , 19 March Thus, a statement from the State Duma, reprinted in a KPRF publication, expressed concern about political extremism in Russia, and at the same time basically described such extremism as a provocation by the Yeltsin regime itself: 'There is reason to believe that these [extremist] organizations are using support from forces that are interested in creating an impression that there is such a thing as a "Russian fascism"': see
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  • V. V. Putin: Rossiya na rubezhe tysyachetletiy', www.government.gov.ru/government/minister/articlevvpl.html. (www.government.gov.ru/government/minister/articlevvpl.html.)
  • Simonsen , Sven Gunnar . 2000 . 'Vladimir Putin's leadership style: ethnocentric patriotism' . Security Dialogue , 31/3 : 220 – 222 .
  • Vladimir Putin, 'Vystuplenie na torzhestvennom prieme v oznamenovanie 55-y godovshchiny Pobedy v Velikoy Otechestvennoy voyne 1941-1945 godov', http://president.kremlin.ru/events/32.html. (http://president.kremlin.ru/events/32.html.)

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